Modifications on the coastal atmospheric sulfur and cloud condensation nuclei along the Eastern China seas by shipping fuel transition.

Marine fuel combustion from shipping releases SO and forms sulfate particles, which may alter low cloud characteristics. A series of strategies were implemented to control the sulfur content of ship fuel oil from 2018 to 2020, offering insights into the effects of the ship fuel oil transition on sulfur-related pollutants and the consequent cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere. Compared to 2018 in the southeast China waters, shipping SO emission decreased by 78 % in 2020, resulting in a 76 % reduction in ship-related total sulfur concentration, and a decrease of 54 % in CCN number concentration under supersaturation 0.

Diverse changes in shipping emissions around the Western Pacific ports under the coeffect of the epidemic and fuel oil policy.

The Western Pacific Ocean (the WPO), as one of the busiest shipping areas in the world, holds a complex water traffic network. In 2020, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) low-sulfur fuel regulations were implemented globally, while the COVID-19 outbreak influenced shipping activities together. This study aimed to assess the combined impact of epidemics and low-sulfur fuel policies on ship emissions, as well as their environmental effects on the WPO.

Cobalt-Graphene Catalyst for Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol to Cyclohexanol.

Herein, cobalt-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) catalyst was synthesized with a practical impregnation-calcination approach for the selective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol to cyclohexanol. The synthesized Co/rGO was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and H temperature-programmed reduction (H-TPR) analysis. According to the comprehensive characterization results, the catalyst contains single Co atoms in the graphene matrix and Co oxide nanoparticles (CoO) on the graphene surface.

Simulating the impacts of ship emissions on coastal air quality: Importance of a high-resolution emission inventory relative to cruise- and land-based observations.

This work studied the impacts of ship emissions at a high temporal resolution on the real-time concentrations of PM, NO, and SO in urban harbors and coastal sea areas, taking the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) as an example. The WRF-Chem model with 3 nested grids and ship emissions derived from an automatic identification system (AIS) were combined to simulate the air quality. The AIS data showed significant temporal fluctuations in ship emissions, with hourly mean fluxes of approximately 1082.

Genesis of electron deficient Pt1(0) in PDMS-PEG aggregates.

While numerous single atoms stabilized by support surfaces have been reported, the synthesis of in-situ reduced discrete metal atoms weakly coordinated and stabilized in liquid media is a more challenging goal. We report the genesis of mononuclear electron deficient Pt(0) by reducing HPtCl in liquid polydimethylsiloxane-polyethylene glycol (PDMS-PEG) (Pt@PDMS-PEG). UV-Vis, far-IR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies evidence the reduction of HPtCl.