Postoperative Apnea-Hypopnea Index Prediction of Velopharyngeal Surgery Based on Machine Learning.

Objective: To investigate machine learning-based regression models to predict the postoperative apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) for evaluating the outcome of velopharyngeal surgery in adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) subjects.

Study Design: A single-center, retrospective, cohort study.

Setting: Sleep medical center.

Automatic Measurement of Loop Gain Based on Pseudorandom Binary Sequence CO Stimulation.

Objective: Measurement of loop gain in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is of great importance for determining the cause of OSA and realizing precision medicine. In this study, automatic measurement of loop gain is carried out during wakefulness based on the pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) CO stimulation method.

Methods: A respiratory data acquisition platform is designed and constructed to automate the processes of gas configuration, ventilatory stimulation with CO and data acquisition.

Ion channel TRPV2 is critical in enhancing B cell activation and function.

The function of transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) cation channels governing B cell activation remains to be explored. We present evidence that TRPV2 is highly expressed in B cells and plays a crucial role in the formation of the B cell immunological synapse and B cell activation. Physiologically, TRPV2 expression level is positively correlated to influenza-specific antibody production and is low in newborns and seniors.

Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mouse model via postsynaptic mechanisms.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly comorbid with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may represent a risk factor for inducing or accelerating cognitive impairment in AD. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been considered to be a predictor of developing cognitive decline and AD. However, the precise underlying mechanisms by which CIH contributes to cognitive impairment remain unknown.

Risk-prediction model for incident hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea based on SpO2 signals.

This work proposes a method utilizing oxygen saturation (SpO2) for predicting incident hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We extracted time domain features and frequency domain features from the SpO2 signal. For prediction, we employed several machine learning algorithms to establish the 3-year risk prediction model in the Chinese Sleep Health Study, including 250 subjects without baseline hypertension who underwent sleep monitoring.

A Novel Method to Classify the Responses of Genioglossus to Negative Pressure in OSA Patients.

Objective: This study aims to develop a novel method to classify different genioglossus (GG) responses to upper airway (UA) negative pressure in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.

Study Design: A single-center, prospective, cohort study.

Setting: Sleep Medical Center.

Sleep medicine in China: current clinical practice.

Unlabelled: The modern practice of sleep medicine in China was introduced in the 1980s and has undergone significant development over the past few decades. The field has witnessed an increase in sleep laboratories, the publication of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders, and the establishment of several sleep medicine associations. Despite these achievements, there is still much to be done in this field.

Effectiveness and safety of (adeno) tonsillectomy for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea in different age groups: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of (adeno)tonsillectomy (AT) for uncomplicated pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) across different age groups. Four electronic databases were searched until April 2022, and 93 studies (9087 participants) were selected, including before-after studies, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials. It has been suggested that age, disease severity, and length of follow-up are associated with surgical effects.

Predictors of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty outcomes in patients with supine predominant positional obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective observational study.

Background: It is uncertain which factors substantially influence outcomes after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in patients with supine predominant obstructive sleep apnea (POSA).

Objective: To explore the predictors of UPPP outcomes in POSA patients.

Methods: A total of 108 patient(52 positional patients (POSA) and 56 nonpositional patients(NPP)), who underwent the revised uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (H-UPPP), were retrospectively studied.

Analysis of factors that influence the occurrence of otitis media with effusion in pediatric patients with adenoid hypertrophy.

Objective: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and otitis media with effusion (OME) are common pediatric otolaryngological diseases and often occur concurrently. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of OME pediatric patients with AH.

Methods: Patients younger than 12 years with AH, who were hospitalized for treatment at Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital in Beijing, China, between March 2018 and February 2022 were enrolled.

Relative spectral power quantifying the distribution of intermittent hypoxemia in obstructive sleep apnea is strongly associated with hypertension.

Study Objectives: To investigate the association between the periodicity of distribution of intermittent hypoxemia (IH) and hypertension in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and search for an index to quantify the association.

Methods: Samples were derived from two cross-sectional studies: The Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS) including 3991 adults with age 64.7 ± 10.

Influence of bilateral nasal packing on sleep oxygen saturation after general anesthesia: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of bilateral nasal packing on sleep oxygen saturation and its influencing factors on the first night after general anesthesia.

Method: A total of 36 adult patients who underwent bilateral nasal packing with a nonabsorbable expanding sponge after general anesthesia surgery were prospectively studied. All these patients underwent overnight oximetry tests before and the first night after surgery.

Application of drug-induced sleep endoscopy in predicting the outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery in adult patients with Friedman stage II and III obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) for the outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery in adult patients with Friedman stage II and III obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: A total of 39 male OSAS patients with Friedman stage II and III were retrospectively analyzed. Subjects with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 5 events/h indicated by polysomnography (PSG) and typical symptoms, such as snoring, sleep apnea, and daytime sleepiness, were included in this study.

The influence of mouth opening on pharyngeal pressure loss and its underlying mechanism: A computational fluid dynamic analysis.

During inspiration, mechanical energy generated from respiratory muscle produces a negative pressure gradient to fulfill enough pulmonary ventilation. The pressure loss, a surrogate for energy loss, is considered as the portion of negative pressure without converting into the kinetic energy of airflow. Mouth opening (MO) during sleep is a common symptom in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

A prediction model for difficult intubation using skeletal features in patients affected by apnea-hypopnea syndrome.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) has been linked to increased risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality because of difficult intubation (DI). However, there is a lack of clinically validated tools to identify OSAHS patients who are likely to have an increased the risk of DI.

Methods: For model development, a prospective cohort study included patients with OSAHS who underwent elective surgery between September 2018 to December 2020.

Clinical case control study analysis of vestibular function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.

Background: To investigate the effects of hypoxia degree and sleep duration on vestibular function in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients. We made further study of the low oxygen levels of OSAHS and hypoxic duration on the impact of vestibular function, and further studied the OSAHS the longest apnea time and Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (VEMP) abnormal rate and the relationship between the vestibular function of canal paralysis (CP).

Methods: A total of 87 OSAHS patients and 47 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study.

Electroencephalography Theta/Beta Ratio Decreases in Patients with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Purpose: Accumulating evidence suggests that theta/beta ratio (TBR), an electroencephalographic (EEG) frequency band parameter, might serve as an objective marker of executive cognitive control in healthy adults. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a detrimental impact on patients' behavior and cognitive performance while whether TBR is different in OSA population has not been reported. This study aimed to explore the difference in relative EEG spectral power and TBR during sleep between patients with severe OSA and non-OSA groups.

Studies on activation and regulation of the coagulation cascade in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Increased activation of the coagulation cascade and diminished fibrinolysis combine to promote fibrin deposition and polyp formation in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). More information is needed concerning mechanisms of coagulation in CRSwNP.

Objective: We investigated the mechanisms as well as the initiation and regulation of coagulation cascade activation in CRS.

Regulating of LncRNA2264/miR-20b-5p/IL17RD axis on hydrogen sulfide exposure-induced inflammation in broiler thymus by activating MYD88/NF-κB pathway.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an environmental pollutant. Chronic exposure to HS can damage the immune system of birds, but the detailed mechanisms of HS-induced thymus toxicity have not been determined. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism participates in many pathophysiological processes by regulating gene expression, including environmental pollutant-induced injury.

[The etiology and related factors of Eustachian tube dysfunction].

The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear and the nasopharynx. It's physiological functions include ventilating and balancing the pressure inside and outside the middle ear, drainage of the middle ear secretions, prevention of retrograde infection, sound suppression and noise suppression. Eustachian tube dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases.

The potential effects of obesity on predicting outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery for obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: To explore the outcome associated factors of velopharyngeal surgery for treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the effects of obesity.

Methods: A total of 175 adult OSA patients who underwent velopharyngeal surgery, including the revised uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with uvula preservation (H-UPPP) alone or the combination of H-UPPP and transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty, were retrospectively studied. The pre-operative information of these patients, including physical examination, polysomnography (PSG), and upper airway CT, were collected for analysis.

The association between the levels of autoimmune related indicators and clinical condition in sudden deafness patients.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the abnormal rates of immune related factors in serum of sudden deafness (SD) patients, and to discuss the correlation between these indicators and the degree of pathological changes of SD patients.

Methods: From March 2018 to January 2021, 90 patients with SD who were hospitalized in Beijing Tsinghua Changgeng Hospital were enrolled as participants, and 60 healthy examinees served as the control group. Antinuclear antibody (ANA), anticardiolipin antibody immunoglobulin G (ACA-IgG), anticardiolipin antibody immunoglobulin M (ACA-IgM), and anti-β-glucoprotein (anti-β-GP) antibody were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The significance of better utilization of patients' preoperative information in predicting outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery: a prospective cohort study.

Study Objectives: To compare the efficiency of a TCM scoring system that includes 3 independent predictors obtained by physical examination, computed tomography, and polysomnography with the standard Friedman staging system that includes only physical examination variables for predicting surgical outcomes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome who undergo velopharyngeal surgery.

Methods: This prospective study was carried out in 265 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome who underwent velopharyngeal surgery. All these patients were re-examined with polysomnography for evaluation of surgical outcomes at least 3 months after surgery.

Clinical Analysis of Intratympanic Injection of Dexamethasone for Treating Sudden Deafness.

Introduction: A variety of causes may induce sudden deafness. However, it remains challenging to determine the exact cause in a clinic. There is no standard treatment for this disease due to its unclear etiology.

High fat induces activation of the tryptophan-ERK-CREB pathway and promotes bone absorption in cage layers.

Cage layer fatigue is a common metabolic disease associated with a calcium and phosphorus imbalance, but recently we found this disease can be led by high fat diet. In order to elucidate the pathogenesis induced by a high fat diet, we randomly divided 88 White Shell Roman layers into 2 groups. There were 44 layers in each group.