Disruption and adaptation: infant gut microbiota's dynamic response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: The responses of the infant gut microbiota to infection significantly disrupt the natural intrahost evolutionary processes of the microbiome. Here, we collected a 16-month longitudinal cohort of infant gut microbiomes affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Then, we developed a multicriteria approach to identify core interaction network driving community dynamics under environmental disturbances, which we termed the Conserved Variated Interaction Group (CVIgroup).

Brain functional changes following electroacupuncture in a mouse model of comorbid pain and depression: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Objective: Comorbid pain and depression are common but remain difficult to treat. Electroacupuncture (EA) can effectively improve symptoms of depression and relieve pain, but its neural mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to detect cerebral changes after initiating a mouse pain model via constriction of the infraorbital nerve (CION) and then treating these animals with EA.

RhFGF21 protects the skin from UVB irradiation in diabetic mice through the inhibition of epidermal cell apoptosis and macrophage-mediated inflammation via the SIRT1 signaling pathway.

Background: Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation can damage skin tissue. Diabetes aggravates skin lesions. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is significantly involved in exerting protective effects and facilitating tissue repair.

Enhancing Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infection Therapy: Self-Assembling Gemini Quaternary Ammonium-Functionalized Peptide Nanoassemblies with Multiple Antibacterial Mechanisms.

The rising threat of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) infections highlights the urgent need for effective antimicrobial agents and therapies. Peptide-based antimicrobial nanomaterials are well-placed to meet this need. Here, we explore the conjugation of antimicrobial gemini quaternary ammonium compounds (GQAs) with designed short hexapeptides to create cationic antimicrobial nanomaterials with low cytotoxicity and minimal resistance tendency.

Deep Red-Light-Mediated Nitric Oxide and Photodynamic Synergistic Antibacterial Therapy for the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infections.

Infections caused by persistent, drug-resistant bacteria pose significant challenges in inflammation treatment, often leading to severe morbidity and mortality. Herein, the photosensitizer rhodamine derivatives are selected as the light-trapping dye and the electron-rich substituent N-nitrosoaminophen as the nitric oxide (NO)-releasing component to develop a multifunctional (deep) red-light activatable NO photocage/photodynamic prodrug for efficient treatment of wounds and diabetic foot infections. The prodrug, RhB-NO-2 integrates antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), NO sterilization, and NO-mediated anti-inflammatory properties within a small organic molecule and is capable of releasing NO and generating Reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exposed to (deep) red laser (660 nm).

Photoresponsive nitric oxide photocage/photodynamic integrated prodrug for advanced management of drug-resistant bacteria-infected wound therapy.

Single treatment methods for wound infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria often fail to simultaneously achieve high antimicrobial efficacy and wound healing efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a small molecule prodrug that can achieve both goals, in this context, we have engineered a green-light-activated nitric oxide photocage/photodynamic therapeutic prodrug, designed to release NO, which not only potentiates antimicrobial efficacy but also facilitates collagen accumulation at the wound interface, thereby expediting the wound healing process. Additionally, it mitigates tissue inflammation by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway.

The efficacy and safety of low-dose roxadustat in combination with recombinant human erythropoietin for treating hemodialysis patients with moderate anemia: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of low-dose roxadustat combined with low-dose recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) for the treatment of renal anemia in hemodialysis patients.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of hemodialysis patients with moderate renal anemia between December 2019 and July 2023 from two medical centers. Patients were classified into 3 groups: rhEPO (150 - 300 IU/kg/week), roxadustat (1.

DGHSA: derivative graph-based hypergraph structure attack.

Hypergraph Neural Networks (HGNNs) have been significantly successful in higher-order tasks. However, recent study have shown that they are also vulnerable to adversarial attacks like Graph Neural Networks. Attackers fool HGNNs by modifying node links in hypergraphs.

Microtubule-Rab5 mutual-influential system screening based on gene-regulatory networks map in Rab5 RNAi eye-degeneration model.

Rabs are involved in neuronal development and protrusion formation. Existing studies support the notion that manipulation or mutation of Rab genes could lead to functional changes in neurons. However, whether Rabs gene-manipulation induced Drosophila eye-degeneration remains unknown.

Reprogramming metabolic microenvironment for nerve regeneration via waterborne polylactic acid-polyurethane copolymer scaffolds.

Cell metabolism, as the key driver of inflammation, revascularization and even subsequent tissue regeneration, is controlled by and also conversely influenced by signal transduction. Incorporation of cell metabolism into tissue engineering research holds immense potential for in-situ treatment repair and further understanding of the host-biomaterial cues in body response. In this study, an anti-inflammatory waterborne polyurethane scaffold incorporated with poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) block was served to repair nerve injuries (LAx-WPU).

Lower peak expiratory flow rate is associated with a higher risk of pneumonia in patients with stroke.

Background: Low peak expiratory flow (PEF) rate is common in patients with stroke. Studies on changes in PEF rates in patients with stroke often have small sample sizes, limiting the generalizability of their findings.

Aim: This study aimed to compare the PEF rates between patients who were post-stroke with or without pneumonia and age- and sex-matched healthy controls and explore the PEF-pneumonia association among stroke survivors.

Elevated peripheral glutamate and upregulated expression of NMDA receptor NR1 subunit in insomnia disorder.

Background: The present study explored the serum glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glutamic acid dehydrogenase (GAD) concentrations and the mRNA expression levels of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) NR1 subunit in the peripheral blood of patients with insomnia disorder (ID). To our knowledge, this is the first study showing an increase in the mRNA expression levels of the NMDAR NR1 subunit in patients with ID.

Methods: This study included 30 ID patients and 30 matched healthy controls.

The relationship between self-efficacy, health literacy, and quality of life in patients with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study in China.

Background: Self-efficacy and health literacy are closely related to the quality of life in patients with chronic diseases; however, it remains unclear whether their combined effects on the quality of life (QoL) in these patients operate through mediation, interaction, or a combination of both.

Methods: The research occurred in China between July 10 and September 15, 2021. A multi-stage random sampling technique was utilized to gather information on self-efficacy, health literacy, and QoL among individuals with chronic diseases.

Effect of kinesiophobia on postoperative rehabilitation outcomes in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the occurrence of postoperative kinesiophobia in patients with CSM and compare the postoperative recovery of patients with and without kinesiophobia to understand its influence on clinical outcomes in CSM.

Methods: Between November 2020 and November 2022, surgical treatment was performed in the neurosurgical wards of 2 Grade III Class A general public hospitals in the Fujian Province. The demographic and disease data of the patients were collected, and patients were divided into a kinesiophobia group and non-kinesiophobia group according to the Tampa kinesiophobia Scale (TSK).

High-fidelity sub-petabit-per-second self-homodyne fronthaul using broadband electro-optic combs.

With the exponential growth in data density and user ends of wireless networks, fronthaul is tasked with supporting aggregate bandwidths exceeding thousands of gigahertz while accommodating high-order modulation formats. However, it must address the bandwidth and noise limitations imposed by optical links and devices in a cost-efficient manner. Here we demonstrate a high-fidelity fronthaul system enabled by self-homodyne digital-analog radio-over-fiber superchannels, using a broadband electro-optic comb and uncoupled multicore fiber.

Effects of hydromorphone-based patient-controlled intravenous analgesia on postoperative hypoxaemia: a randomised controlled non-inferiority clinical trial.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with and without low-basal infusion on postoperative hypoxaemia.

Design: A randomised parallel-group non-inferiority trial.

Setting: The trial was conducted at a grade-A tertiary hospital from December 2021 to August 2022.

Quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography assessments in the fellow eyes of those with central serous chorioretinopathy.

Background: To analyze the vessel density (VD) of the retina and choriocapillaris (CC) layer and the structure of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in the fellow eyes of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This was a case-control study. Unilateral CSC patients and age-matched healthy subjects were recruited from the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between July 2016 and July 2021.

Heterozygous Variants in KCNJ10 Cause Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia Via Haploinsufficiency.

Objective: Most paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) cases are hereditary, yet approximately 60% of patients remain genetically undiagnosed. We undertook the present study to uncover the genetic basis for undiagnosed PKD patients.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing was performed for 106 PRRT2-negative PKD probands.

Corrigendum: NmFGF1-regulated glucolipid metabolism and angiogenesis improves functional recovery in a mouse model of diabetic stroke and acts via the AMPK signaling pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.

Thin-film lithium niobate-based electro-optic comb cloning for self-homodyne coherent communication.

As the optical communication industry advances, metropolitan area networks (MANs) and radio access networks (RANs) are extensively deployed on a large scale, demanding energy-efficient integrated light sources and simplified digital signal processing (DSP) technologies. The emergence of thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has given rise to high-performance, energy-efficient on-chip modulators, making on-chip optical frequency comb (OFC) more appealing. Owing to the phase uniformity and stability of this chip-scale device, it has been possible to eliminate the carrier frequency phase estimation (CPE) in DSP stacks using comb-clone-enabled self-homodyne detection.