Intelligent Optimization Design Framework for Alternating Current Pulse Modulation Electrohydrodynamic Printing Process Parameters.

To achieve efficient size tuning of printed microstructures on insulating substrates, an integrated process parameter intelligent optimization design framework for alternating current pulse modulation electrohydrodynamic (AC-EHD) printing is proposed for the first time. The framework is comprised of two stages: the construction of a prediction model and the acquisition of process parameters. The first stage employs the elk herd optimizer(EHO)-artificial neural network(ANN) to establish a mapping relationship between printing process parameters and the size of deposited droplets.

Causal relationship between cancer and immune cell traits: A two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies provide evidence of correlations between cancer and the immune system. Previous research has established associations between immune traits and the propensity for developing certain cancers. However, a systematic exploration of these connections remains largely uncharted.

A bearing fault diagnosis method for unknown operating conditions based on differentiated feature extraction.

Under unknown operating conditions, the domain generalization approach based on domain metrics is commonly used for rolling bearing fault diagnostics. Nevertheless, in the event of equipment failure under unknown operating conditions, focusing solely on the transferable characteristics across domains may result in the unintentional neglect of domain-specific features. To address the problems mentioned, the present study introduces a feature decomposition learning method that simultaneously extracts inter-domain transferable and domain-specific features.

Hollow Calcium/Copper Bimetallic Amplifier for Cuproptosis/Paraptosis/Apoptosis Cancer Therapy via Cascade Reinforcement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are essential organelles that play crucial roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis. The simultaneous induction of ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction represents a promising yet challenging strategy for cancer treatment. Herein, a hollow calcium-copper bimetallic nanoplatform is developed as a cascade amplifier to reinforce ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction for breast cancer treatment.

Diosgenin derivative ML5 attenuates MPTP-induced neuronal impairment via regulating AMPK/PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion/fission.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the therapeutic impact of diosgenin derivative ML5 on Parkinson's disease (PD) and explore the mechanism underlying mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion/fission.

Methods: We established 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse models and N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP)-induced cell models of PD. The pole test and forced swimming test were used to detect the motor coordination and depressive symptoms in mice.

Swimming alleviates myocardial fibrosis of type II diabetic rats through activating miR-34a-mediated SIRT1/PGC-1α/FNDC5 signal pathway.

Myocardial fibrosis can trigger heart failure in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and irisin, an exercise-induced myokine, may have a beneficial effect on cardiac function. However, the specific molecular mechanism between exercise and irisin in the diabetic heart remains not fully explored. This study aimed to investigate how miR-34a mediates exercise-induced irisin to ameliorate myocardial fibrosis and its underlying mechanisms.

Promoting chondrogenesis by targeted delivery to the degenerating cartilage in early treatment of osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly incident total joint degenerative disease with cartilage degeneration as the primary pathogenesis. The cartilage matrix is mainly composed of collagen, a matrix protein with a hallmark triple-helix structure, which unfolds with collagen degradation on the cartilage surface. A collagen hybridizing peptide (CHP) is a synthetic peptide that binds the denatured collagen triple helix, conferring a potential disease-targeting possibility for early-stage OA.

Correlative expression of exosomal miRNAs in chemotherapy resistance of triple-negative breast cancer: An observational study.

Drug resistance in tumors is the primary contributor to clinical treatment failures, and aberrant expression of small RNA molecules, specifically microRNAs (miRNAs), in tumor tissues is intricately associated with drug resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the targets and mechanisms through which exosomal miRNAs from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) regulate chemotherapy resistance in tumor cells. Utilizing high-throughput sequencing technology, we conducted exosomal miRNA sequencing on serum samples obtained from TNBC patients who were either sensitive or resistant to AC-sequential T chemotherapy.

Drug tolerant persister cell plasticity in cancer: A revolutionary strategy for more effective anticancer therapies.

Non-genetic mechanisms have recently emerged as important drivers of anticancer drug resistance. Among these, the drug tolerant persister (DTP) cell phenotype is attracting more and more attention and giving a predominant non-genetic role in cancer therapy resistance. The DTP phenotype is characterized by a quiescent or slow-cell-cycle reversible state of the cancer cell subpopulation and inert specialization to stimuli, which tolerates anticancer drug exposure to some extent through the interaction of multiple underlying mechanisms and recovering growth and proliferation after drug withdrawal, ultimately leading to treatment resistance and cancer recurrence.

Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Panax notoginseng with protective effects against APAP-induced liver injury.

Five previously undescribed protopanaxatriol-type saponins, notoginsenosides Ta-Te (1-5), together with eighteen known triterpenoid saponins (6-23) were isolated from the roots of Panax notoginseng. The structures of new compounds were determined by HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. Compounds 1 and 2 were the first examples of ginsenosides featuring a 6-deoxy-β-d-glucose moiety from Panax species.

A nonlinear ultrasonic wave mixing method for looseness detection of bolted joints.

Bolted joints are widely used in various machines and engineering structures. The tightening state of bolts directly affects the reliability and safety of bolted joints. Therefore, the bolt looseness detection is very important to ensure the reliability of bolted joints.

Advancing deep learning-based acoustic leak detection methods towards application for water distribution systems from a data-centric perspective.

Against the backdrop of severe leakage issue in water distribution systems (WDSs), numerous researchers have focused on the development of deep learning-based acoustic leak detection technologies. However, these studies often prioritize model development while neglecting the importance of data. This research explores the impact of data augmentation techniques on enhancing deep learning-based acoustic leak detection methods.

Advances in Circular RNA in the Pathogenesis of Epilepsy.

Recent studies evidenced the involvement of circular RNA (circRNA) in neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and synaptic remodeling suggesting an important role for circRNA in the occurrence and development of epilepsy. This review provides an overview of circRNAs considered to be playing regulatory roles in the process of epilepsy and to be involved in multiple biological epilepsy-related processes, such as hippocampal sclerosis, inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, synaptic remodeling, and cell proliferation and differentiation. This review covers the current research status of differential expression of circRNA-mediated seizures, m6A methylation, demethylation-mediated seizures in post transcriptional circRNA modification, as well as the mechanisms of m5C- and m7G-modified circRNA.

Role of ICAM-1 in triple-negative breast cancer.

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is related to the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. However, the role of ICAM-1 in the regulation of growth, metastasis, and clinical prognosis of the specific molecular subtypes of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), remains to be elucidated. This study explored the role of ICAM-1 in breast cancer and its triple-negative subtypes by systematic bioinformatics methods.

Multi-source domain adaptive network based on local kernelized higher-order moment matching for rotating machinery fault diagnosis.

Unsupervised domain adaptation has been extensively researched in rotating-machinery cross-domain fault diagnosis. A multi-source domain adaptive network based on local kernelized higher-order moment matching is constructed in this research for rotating-machinery fault diagnosis. Firstly, a multi-branch network is designed to map each source-target pair to a domain-specific shared space and to extract domain-invariant features using domain adversarial thought.

Probiotics Pediococcus acidilactici GR-1 promotes the functional strains and remodels gut microbiota to reduce the Cr(VI) toxicity in a dual-chamber simulated intestinal system.

Numerous animal studies have demonstrated the toxicity of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and the bioremediative effects of probiotics on the composition and functions of gut microbiota. Since the precise mechanisms of Cr(VI) detoxification and its interactions with human gut microbiota were unknown, a novel dual-chamber simulated intestinal (DCSI) system was developed to maintain both the stability of the simulated system and the composition of the gut microbiota. Probiotic GR-1 was found to regulate intestinal gut microbiota, thereby reducing the toxicity of Cr(VI) within the DCSI system.

A Probiotic Targets Bile Acids Metabolism to Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis by Reducing Conjugated Bile Acids.

Scope: Gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis and dysregulated bile acids (BAs) metabolism have been linked to ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis. The possibility of utilizing live probiotics with a defined BAs-metabolizing capability to modify the composition BAs for UC treatment remains unexplored.

Methods And Results: In this study, Strain GR-4 is sourced from traditional Chinese fermented food, "Jiangshui," and demonstrated the ability to deconjugate two common conjugated BAs by over 69% and 98.

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity in meteorological and hydrological drought patterns and propagations influenced by climatic variability, LULC change, and human regulations.

This study aims to quantify meteorological-hydrological drought propagations and examine the potential impacts by climatic variability, LULC change (LULC), and human regulations. An integrated observation-modeling framework quantifies drought propagation intervals and assesses mechanisms influencing hydrological droughts. Meteorological droughts are characterized using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), and hydrological droughts are assessed through the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI) across diverse climatic zones.

Association with pre-pregnancy BMI on early pregnancy loss in infertility patients in first HRT-FET cycles: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the association between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the early pregnancy loss rate in patients in first hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer (HRT-FET) cycles and find the threshold.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a total of 14030 HRT-FET cycles at the Reproductive Center from January 2017 to December 2021. The association of pre-pregnancy BMI on early pregnancy loss rate in patients in HRT-FET cycles was assessed by performing univariate analysis, multivariable logistic regression, curve fitting and threshold effect analysis.

Sleep-phasic heart rate variability predicts stress severity: Building a machine learning-based stress prediction model.

We propose a novel approach for predicting stress severity by measuring sleep phasic heart rate variability (HRV) using a smart device. This device can potentially be applied for stress self-screening in large populations. Using a Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) and a Huawei smart device, we conducted 24-h dual recordings of 159 medical workers working regular shifts.

Cerebral protective effect of in situ and remote ischemic postconditioning on ischemic stroke rat via the TGFβ1-Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

Patients with acute ischemic stroke achieve inadequate benefit due to the short therapeutic window for thrombolysis and the risk of ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Ischemic postconditioning induces endogenous cerebral protection for acute ischemic stroke, although the protective mechanisms associated with ischemic postconditioning haven't been well clarified. In present study, the rat models of ischemic cerebral stroke with in situ and remote ischemic postconditioning (ISP and RIP) were established successfully.

Risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy after retinal detachment surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To comprehensively investigate risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after retinal detachment (RD) surgery.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched until May 22, 2023. Risk factors included demographic and disease-related risk factors.