Mendelian randomization study of inflammatory bowel disease and type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: Our purpose was to investigate and test the causal relationship between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its major phenotypes, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), in two large datasets.

Methods: We obtained IBD samples from the largest publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS), as well as the FinnGen database and the publicly accessible IEU GWAS database of T1D. We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to assess bidirectional causality using the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method as the primary outcome.

Association between dietary inflammation index and inflammatory bowel disease in adults: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010.

Previous study has demonstrated that the Dietary Inflammation Index (DII) played a role in the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however, the prevalence and risk factors for IBD are distinct across locations and groups, and therefore, the findings are debatable and warrant further investigation. A total of 4363 participants were calculated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009 to 2010, of whom 1.21% self-reported a history of IBD.

Assessment of the triglyceride glucose index in adult patients with chronic diarrhea and constipation.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiome is involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR). However, the link between two of the most prevalent bowel disorders, chronic diarrhea and constipation, and the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a marker of IR, has not yet been investigated.

Aim: To investigate the potential association between TyG and the incidence of chronic diarrhea and constipation.

Saikosaponin D mitigate pilocarpine-induced astrocyte injury by regulating the NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway.

Studies have shown that saikosaponin D (SSD) has favorable neurotherapeutic effects. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the efficacy and possible molecular mechanisms of SSD on pilocarpine (PP)-induced astrocyte injury. Primary astrocytes were isolated from juvenile rats and identified using immunofluorescence.

[Diagnostic Efficacy of Platelet-Related Parameters on Anxiety and Depression in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis].

Objective To analyze the correlations between platelet-related parameters and the incidence of anxiety and depression in the patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis(PD),and evaluate the efficacy of the parameters in the diagnosis of anxiety and depression in PD patients. Methods A total of 245 patients undergoing PD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from September 2022 to February 2023 were enrolled.The generalized anxiety scale(GAD-7) and the patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9) were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression of the patients,respectively.

[Discussion on the essential thought of 's warm moxibustion technique for "unblocking -organs"].

"Unblocking organs" is one of the essential principles of 's warm moxibustion technique, characterized as "dredging" and "harmonizing" for either deficiency or excess condition. Under the guidance of this therapeutic thought, the acupoints for moxibustion are mainly selected from the middle and lower parts of the body. Regarding the therapeutic approach, the acupoint prescription for moxibustion should be formed in line with warming and promoting circulation of organs; the moxibustion degree should be specially considered, in which, the mild moxibustion is recommended to induce promoting action; and the systematic moxibustion technique should be the root for dredging organs and regulating organs.

Dry eye symptoms in interferon regulatory factor 3-deficient mice due to herpes simplex virus infection in harderian gland and lacrimal gland.

Purpose: Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a multifactorial ocular disorder. The possible pathogens and pathogenic mechanisms for virus-related dry eye disease are largely unknown. The current study aimed to provide evidence for mechanisms contributing to DES induced by herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the harderian gland (HG) and lacrimal gland (LG).

Endothelial Yes-Associated Protein 1 Promotes Astrocyte Proliferation and Maturation via Cytoplasmic Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Secretion in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy.

Purpose: Purpose The role of endothelial Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) in the pathogenesis of retinal angiogenesis and the astrocyte network in the mouse oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model is unknown.

Methods: For in vivo studies, OIR was induced in conditional endothelial YAP knockout mice and their wild-type littermates. Retinal vascularization and the astrocyte network were evaluated by whole-mount fluorescence and Western blotting.

Iridium Nanotubes as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Nitrate Reduction Reactions.

One-dimensionally (1D) hollow noble meal nanotubes are attracting continuous attention because of their huge potential applications in catalysis and electrocatalysis. Herein, we successfully synthesize hollow iridium nanotubes (Ir NTs) with the rough porous surface by the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid-induced self-template method under hydrothermal conditions and investigate their electrocatalytic performance for oxygen evolution (OER) and nitrate reduction reactions (NORR) in an acidic electrolyte. The unique 1D and porous structure endow Ir NTs with big surface areas, high conductivity, and optimal atom utilization efficiency.

Retinal blood vessel-origin yes-associated protein (YAP) governs astrocytic maturation via leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF).

Objectives: To testify that endothelial cells (ECs) induce astrocyte maturation by leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) secretion.

Materials And Methods: In vivo experiments, mice bearing floxed alleles of YAP were crossed with mice expressing a Cre recombinase driven by the endothelial Tek promoter (Tek-Cre) to finally obtain the following three genotypes: YAP , Tek-Cre; YAP , Tek-Cre; and YAP . Retinal vascularization and astrocyte network were evaluated by whole-mount fluorescence and Western blotting.

YAP and TAZ, the conductors that orchestrate eye development, homeostasis, and disease.

Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are transcriptional coactivators established as a nexus in numerous signaling pathways, notably in Hippo signaling. Previous research revealed multifarious function of YAP and TAZ in oncology and cardiovasology. Recently, the focus has been laid on their pivotal role in eye morphogenesis and homeostasis.

Virus-Inspired Nanogenes Free from Man-Made Materials for Host-Specific Transfection and Bio-Aided MR Imaging.

Many viruses have a lipid envelope derived from the host cell membrane that contributes much to the host specificity and the cellular invasion. This study puts forward a virus-inspired technology that allows targeted genetic delivery free from man-made materials. Genetic therapeutics, metal ions, and biologically derived cell membranes are nanointegrated.

Double-Targeting Explosible Nanofirework for Tumor Ignition to Guide Tumor-Depth Photothermal Therapy.

This study reports a double-targeting "nanofirework" for tumor-ignited imaging to guide effective tumor-depth photothermal therapy (PTT). Typically, ≈30 nm upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) are enveloped with a hybrid corona composed of ≈4 nm CuS tethered hyaluronic acid (CuS-HA). The HA corona provides active tumor-targeted functionality together with excellent stability and improved biocompatibility.

Versatile Supermolecular Inclusion Complex Based on Host-Guest Interaction for Targeted Gene Delivery.

A facile and targeted gene delivery system was prepared by conjugating β-cyclodextrin modified polyethylenimine (PEI-CD) and adamantyl peptide (AdGRGDS) based on host-guest interaction. With the rational design between PEI-CD and AdGRGDS, the PEI-CD/AdGRGDS gene delivery system showed excellent DNA binding capability and exhibited good ability to compact DNA into uniform spherical nanoparticles. In vitro luciferase assay showed that gene expression transfected by PEI-CD/AdGRGDS was stronger than that by PEI-CD in HeLa cells, whereas gene expression transfected by PEI-CD/AdGRGDS and PEI-CD was similar to each other in COS7 cells.

Role of tripartite motif protein 27 as a gametogenesis-related protein in human germ cells.

Background: The distribution and functional integrity of members of the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family are essential for cell proliferation, development and apoptosis, and TRIM proteins have been linked to various cancers. To explore the diagnostic potential and mechanisms of TRIM27 in human spermatogenesis and oogenesis, we analyzed its localization pattern and putative roles in human testes and ovaries.

Methods: TRIM27 mRNA and protein levels in human testes and ovaries were investigated using RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively.

Targeting epithelial-mesenchymal transition: Metal organic network nano-complexes for preventing tumor metastasis.

Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential step in tumor metastasis. Unfortunately, during the chemotherapy, EMT could be induced under the selective pressure of clinical cytotoxic drugs. Here, to solve this problem, we have synthesized multi-functional epigallocatechin gallate/iron nano-complexes (EIN) as a versatile coating material to improve conventional therapies.

Role of Ectopic Gene Conversion in the Evolution of a Pleiotropic Drug Resistance Transporter Family.

Gene duplications enable the evolution of novel gene function, but strong positive selection is required to preserve advantageous mutations in a population. This is because frequent ectopic gene conversions (EGCs) between highly similar, tandem-duplicated, sequences, can rapidly remove fate-determining mutations by replacing them with the neighboring parent gene sequences. Unfortunately, the high sequence similarities between tandem-duplicated genes severely hamper empirical studies of this important evolutionary process, because deciphering their correct sequences is challenging.

Switching Apoptosis to Ferroptosis: Metal-Organic Network for High-Efficiency Anticancer Therapy.

Discovering advanced materials for regulating cell death is of great importance in the development of anticancer therapy. Herein, by harnessing the recently discovered oxidative stress regulation ability of p53 and the Fenton reaction inducing capability of metal-organic network (MON), MON encapsulated with p53 plasmid (MON-p53) was designed to eradicate cancer cells via ferroptosis/apoptosis hybrid pathway. After confirming the detailed mechanism of MON-p53 in evoking ferroptosis, we further discovered that MON-p53 mediated a "bystander effect" to further sensitize cancer cells toward the MON-p53 induced ferroptosis.

Propelled Transnuclear Gene Transport Achieved through Intracellularly Redox-Responsive and Acidity-Accelerative Decomposition of Supramolecular Florescence-Quenchable Vectors.

Intracellularly biotriggered decomposition of gene vectors is generally thought to benefit transfection. However, the bioresponsiveness is far from satisfactory, and the exact role of biodecomposition in the transfection process remains unclear to date. To overcome the challenges, highly rapid bioresponse of vectors has to be achieved so as to greatly amplify the intracellular deviation compared with the noncontrolled pattern.

A redox-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticle with a therapeutic peptide shell for tumor targeting synergistic therapy.

In this study, we report a novel redox-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based nanocarrier, capping with a therapeutic peptide ((RGDWWW)KC) containing a RGD target motif, for tumor targeting synergistic therapy, which is designated as TTSTMSN. The MSN was decorated with a tumor-targeting therapeutic peptide as a potential gatekeeper. The two branched peptides containing rich tryptophans allowed the pores to be blocked via π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions.

Mitochondria-Targeted Chimeric Peptide for Trinitarian Overcoming of Drug Resistance.

In this report, an amphiphilic mitochondria-targeted chimeric peptide-based drug delivery system (DDS) was designed to overcome drug resistance. In vitro studies revealed that chimeric peptide could encapsulate doxorubicin (DOX) with high efficacy and target tumor mitochondria, realizing controlled release of DOX and in situ photodynamic therapy (PDT) in mitochondria. Importantly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) during PDT significantly disrupted mitochondria, leading to a dramatic decrease of intracellular adenosine 5'-triphophate (ATP).