Lactamase β reprograms lipid metabolism to inhibit the progression of endometrial cancer through attenuating MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation.

Background: Lactamase β (LACTB) inhibits the metastasis and progression of multiple malignant tumors. However, little is known about its role in endometrial cancer (EC). Our study aimed to investigate the function and potential molecular mechanism of LACTB in modulating EC progression.

Gold nanocube-enhanced SERS biosensor based on heated electrode coupled with exonuclease III-assisted cycle amplification for sensitive detection of flap endonuclease 1 activity.

The flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) plays a key role in DNA replication and repair, its aberrant expression is associated with tumor development, so it has been recognized as a promising biomarker for a variety of cancers. Here, a novel "turn on" mode gold nanocube-enhanced surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensor was constructed by combining a heated Au electrode (HAuE), exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted cycle amplification, and gold nanocube (AuNC)-based SERS enhancement to achieve highly sensitive detection of FEN1 activity. The SERS tag was prepared using the Raman reporter modified on the AuNC surface, and the high electromagnetic field provided by the sharp geometric feature of AuNC greatly enhanced the SERS signal.

DFedGFM: Pursuing global consistency for Decentralized Federated Learning via global flatness and global momentum.

To tackle high communication costs and privacy issues in Centralized Federated Learning (CFL), Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL) is an alternative. However, a significant discrepancy exists between local updates and the expected global update, known as client drift, which arises from inconsistency and heterogeneous data. Previous research in the DFL field has focused on local information during client updates, without considering global information, which fails to alleviate the client drift issue.

Mechanism of oxygen vacancy engineering CoO/FeO regulated electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia.

To enhance the activity of the nitrate reduction reaction (NORR), the development of oxygen vacancies electrocatalysts is a promising approach for improving the efficiency of ammonia synthesis. However, the mechanism by which oxygen vacancies regulate NORR to ammonia remains poorly understood. In this study, a series of CoO/FeO composite catalysts derived from ZIF-67 containing oxygen vacancies (OVs) were synthesized to elucidate the role of OVs on the activity and selectivity of ammonia synthesis.

The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and risk of infertility among US adults: A cross-sectional NHANES study.

Background: Infertility affects millions worldwide, with a significant proportion of cases remaining unexplained. Recent evidence suggests a potential link between lipid metabolism and reproductive health, prompting investigations into novel biomarkers like the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) for assessing infertility risk.

Methods: This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of 5,524 women aged 20-45 in the United States.

Recent Progress in the Development of Glucose Transporter (GLUT) Inhibitors.

Cancer cells exhibit an accelerated glucose uptake and glycolysis. The transmembrane uptake of glucose requires specific carrier proteins, such as glucose transporters (GLUTs) and sodium-coupled glucose cotransporters (SGLTs). GLUTs transport glucose independently of the energy supply and have become promising targets for cancer therapy.

Theoretical Investigation of Two-Dimensional FeC Structures with Surface Van Hove Singularity for Electrochemical Nitric Oxide Reduction Reaction.

The electrochemical nitric oxide reduction reaction (eNORR) is an efficient method for converting aqueous NO into NH. The pursuit of innovative electrocatalysts with enhanced activity, selectivity, durability, and cost-effectiveness for NORR remains a research focus. In this study, using particle swarm optimization (PSO) searches, density functional theory (DFT), and the constant-potential method (CPM), we predict two stable two-dimensional FeC monolayers, designated as α-FeC and β-FeC, as promising electrocatalysts for the NORR.

Boosting Impedance Matching by Depositing Gradiently Conductive Atomic Layers on Porous Polyimide for Lightweight, Flexible, Broadband, and Strong Microwave Absorption.

Gradient structures are effective for microwave absorbing but suffer from inadequate lightweight and poor flexibility, making them fall behind the comprehensive requirements of electromagnetic protection. Herein, we propose a hierarchical gradient structure by integration with porous and sandwich structures. Specifically, polyimide (PI) foams are used as a robust and flexible skeleton, in which the foam cell walls are sandwiched by TiCT, ZnO, and ZrO atomic layers in sequence.

An Extenics-TRIZ integrated RFPS model for different object of design requirements.

Extending product life is one of the effective ways to reduce the waste of resources. However, many unsatisfactory products are scrapped because of a lack of adequate performance. The product should be improved and upgraded innovatively, and the existing upgradable products may create more economic benefits for the longer product life cycles.

A systematic review to identify research gaps in studies modeling MenB vaccinations against Neisseria infections.

The genus Neisseria includes two major human pathogens: N. meningitidis causing bacterial meningitis/septicemia and N. gonorrhoeae causing gonorrhoea.

Targeting QPCTL: An Emerging Therapeutic Opportunity.

Glutaminyl cyclases, including glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase (QPCT) and glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like protein (QPCTL), primarily catalyze the cyclization of N-terminal glutamine or glutamate to pyroglutamate (pGlu). QPCTL, in particular, modifies the N-terminus of CD47, thereby regulating its interaction with signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) and modulating phagocytosis of tumor cells by immune cells. Additionally, QPCTL cyclizes the N-termini of CCL2, CCL7, and CX3CL1, influencing the tumor microenvironment and inflammatory responses in cancer and other disorders.

Assessing Susceptibility of Grapevine Cultivars to Latent Infections Using Molecular Disease Index.

Traditional assessments of grapevine susceptibility to grapevine downy mildew (GDM) caused by rely on the visual evaluation of leaf symptoms. In this study, we used a well-established quantitative real-time PCR TaqMan assay (real-time PCR) to quantify the number of infecting 12 grapevine cultivars under controlled conditions. The molecular disease index (MDI), derived from molecular detection methods, reflects the relative abundance of pathogens in plant tissues during the latent infection phase.

The first direct detection of spotted fever group Rickettsia spp. diversity in ticks from Ningxia, northwestern China.

Background: Tick-borne infectious diseases caused by the spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) have continuously emerging, with many previously unidentified SFGR species reported. The prevalence of SFGRs in northwestern China remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of SFGRs and Anaplasma species by analyzing tick samples collected from the Ningxia region.

Tantalum-stabilized ruthenium oxide electrocatalysts for industrial water electrolysis.

The iridium oxide (IrO) catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction used industrially (in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers) is scarce and costly. Although ruthenium oxide (RuO) is a promising alternative, its poor stability has hindered practical application. We used well-defined extended surface models to identify that RuO undergoes structure-dependent corrosion that causes Ru dissolution.

Beyond Aromas: Exploring the Development and Potential Applications of Electroencephalography in Olfactory Research-From General Scents to Food Flavor Science Frontiers.

Olfaction is crucial to our dietary choices and significantly influences our emotional and cognitive landscapes. Understanding the underlying neural mechanisms is pivotal, especially through the use of electroencephalography (EEG). This technology has strong temporal resolution, allowing it to capture the dynamics of neural responses to odors, bypassing the need for subjective interpretations.

Incidence and outcome of hepatitis D virus infection in people with HIV in the era of tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves survival in HBV-coinfected people with HIV (PWH). We investigated the incidence of HDV infection and its clinical impact in HBV-coinfected PWH in the era of tenofovir-containing ART.

Methods: Between 2011 and 2022, HBV-coinfected PWH were included and followed until December 2023.

Automated high-resolution 3D inspection methods for sealant applications in aerospace based on line structured light.

Gluing is a critical step in aircraft sealing assembly, with glue profile inspection serving as the final quality assurance measure to ensure consistency and accuracy of the sealant coating, allowing timely detection and correction of defects to maintain assembly integrity and safety. Currently, existing glue inspection systems are limited to basic inspection capabilities, lack result digitization, and exhibit low efficiency. This paper proposes a 3D inspection technology for sealant coating quality based on line-structured light, enabling automated and high-precision inspection of sealant thickness, sealant width, positional accuracy, and overlap joint sealant contour through geometric computation.

Electroacupuncture ameliorated locomotor symptoms in MPTP-induced mice model of Parkinson's disease by regulating autophagy via Nrf2 signaling.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent and challenging neurodegenerative disorder, and may involve impaired autophagy. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is crucial for regulating autophagy-related genes and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Electroacupuncture (EA), a complementary and alternative therapy for PD, has gained widespread clinical application.

Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome.

Background: Glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) was initially reported by De Vivo and colleagues in 1991. This disease arises from mutations in the SLC2A1 and presents with a broad clinical spectrum. It is a treatable neuro-metabolic condition, where prompt diagnosis and initiation of ketogenic dietary therapy can markedly enhance the prognosis.

Discovery of HZS60 as a Novel Brain Penetrant NMDAR/TRPM4 Interaction Interface Inhibitor with Improved Activity and Pharmacokinetic Properties for the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia.

The death signaling complex comprising extrasynaptic NMDAR and TRPM4 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Targeting the protein-protein interactions between NMDAR and TRPM4 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Herein, we describe the discovery of a novel series of NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface inhibitors aimed at enhancing neuroprotective efficacy and optimizing pharmacokinetic profiles.

Construction of ternary TiO/CdS/IrO heterostructure photoanodes for efficient glycerol oxidation coupled with hydrogen evolution.

A TiO/CdS heterostructure has been widely investigated as a potential photoanode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for hydrogen evolution. However, the efficiency and stability still remain challenging due to the sluggish reaction dynamics for water oxidation and easy photocorrosion of CdS. Here we report a ternary TiO/CdS/IrO heterostructure with IrO as a hole transport layer for PEC glycerol oxidation coupled with hydrogen evolution.

Tetraspanin CD81 serves as a functional entry factor for porcine circovirus type 2 infection.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated disease, clinically resulting in immunosuppression and co-infections with other pathogens in infected pigs. The mechanism of PCV2 infection remains unclear. In this study, we firstly found that the tetraspanin CD81 in PK-15 cells interacts with PCV2 Cap protein by using virus overlay protein-binding assay combined with mass spectrometry.