Identification of Coupled Landau and Anomalous Resonances in Space Plasmas.

Wave-particle resonance, a ubiquitous process in the plasma universe, occurs when resonant particles observe a constant wave phase to enable sustained energy transfer. Here, we present spacecraft observations of simultaneous Landau and anomalous resonances between oblique whistler waves and the same group of protons, which are evidenced, respectively, by phase-space rings in parallel-velocity spectra and phase-bunched distributions in gyrophase spectra. Our results indicate the coupling between Landau and anomalous resonances via the overlapping of the resonance islands.

Development of a Prognostic Scoring System for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients With Main Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus Undergoing Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization: An Analysis of 173 Patients.

Background: Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with main portal vein tumor thrombus (mPVTT) have poor prognosis. Promising systemic therapies, such as target therapies, have limited benefits. The purpose of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the benefits of conventional TACE (c-TACE) and to establish a prognostic stratification of HCC patients with mPVTT.

Alterations in exosomal miRNA profile upon epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human lung cancer cell lines.

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is regarded as a critical event during tumor metastasis. Recent studies have revealed changes and the contributions of proteins in/on exosomes during EMT. Besides proteins, microRNA (miRNA) is another important functional component of exosomes.

Effects of mesenchymal stem cells on solid tumor metastasis in experimental cancer models: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: It has been reported mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited to and become integral parts of the tumor microenvironment. MSCs might have an active role in solid tumor progression, especially cancer metastasis. However, the contribution of MSCs in the process of cancer metastasis is still controversial.

M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages facilitated migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HCC cells via the TLR4/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Background: M2-polarized macrophages are tumor-associated-macrophages (TAMs), which are important contents of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a molecular biomarker of tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have important roles in the immune system and M2-polarized macrophages.

ID1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation and confers chemoresistance to oxaliplatin by activating pentose phosphate pathway.

Background: Drug resistance is one of the major concerns in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the present study was to determine whether aberrant high expression of the inhibitor of differentiation 1(ID1) confers oxaliplatin-resistance to HCC by activating the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP).

Methods: Aberrant high expression of ID1 was detected in two oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines MHCC97H-OXA(97H-OXA) and Hep3B-OXA(3B-OXA).

Increased matrix stiffness promotes tumor progression of residual hepatocellular carcinoma after insufficient heat treatment.

Aggravated behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will occur after inadequate thermal ablation. However, its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we assessed whether the increased matrix stiffness after thermal ablation could promote the progression of residual HCC.

Activated hepatic stellate cells secrete periostin to induce stem cell-like phenotype of residual hepatocellular carcinoma cells after heat treatment.

Some evidences show that residual tumor after thermal ablation will progress rapidly. However, its mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we assessed whether activated HSCs could regulate stem cell-like property of residual tumor after incomplete thermal ablation to promote tumor progression.

Aspirin in combination with TACE in treatment of unresectable HCC: a matched-pairs analysis.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the principal therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its efficacy is currently limited owing to tumor progression or treatment failure. It has been shown that aspirin reduces the incidence of multiple malignant tumors including HCC and plays a synergistic role with chemotherapy in the treatment of colon cancer.

Over expression of hyaluronan promotes progression of HCC via CD44-mediated pyruvate kinase M2 nuclear translocation.

Hyaluronan is expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as HCC generally arises from a cirrhotic liver in which excessive production and accumulation of HA leads to developing cirrhosis. Though it has been suggested HA is involved in progression of HCC, the mechanisms underlying the connection between HA and HCC progression are unclear. Since increased aerobic glycolysis is a metabolic trait of malignant cells and HA-CD44 can modulate glucose metabolism, we aim to investigate the roles of PKM2, a key enzyme in glucose metabolism, in the HA-CD44 axis facilitated the progress of HCC.

Clostridium perfringens infection after transarterial chemoembolization for large hepatocellular carcinoma.

We report an unusual case of Clostridium perfringens liver abscess formation after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for large hepatocellular carcinoma. Severe deterioration in liver and renal function accompanied with hemocytolysis was found on the 2(nd) day after TACE. Blood culture found Clostridium perfringens and abdominal computed tomography revealed a gas-containing abscess in the liver.

Oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil hepatic infusion with lipiodolized chemoembolization in large hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To investigate transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with hepatic infusion of oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil and Lipiodol chemoembolization in large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 132 patients with unresectable HCCs larger than 10 cm were treated with hepatic infusion of oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil followed by Lipiodol chemoembolization. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).

[Anti-proliferation effect of sorafenib in combination with 5-FU for hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro: antagonistic performance and mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the anti-cancer efficacy and mechanism of sorafenib and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy in vitro using the HCC cell line MHCCLM3.

Methods: The effects of sorafenib and 5-FU, alone or in combination, on the proliferation of MHCCLM3 cells were evaluated by cell viability assays. Combined-effects analyses were conducted according to the median-effect principle established by Chou and Talalay.

[Influence of reducing buccolingual width of artificial crown of implant prosthesis on distribution of biting force and masticatory efficiency].

Objective: To discuss the influence of reducing buccolingual width of artificial crown on distribution of biting force and masticatory efficiency in unilateral distal-extension implant denture and provide valuable information for the design of buccolingual width. To find a design that the biting force of implant prothesis was less evident than those on the contralateral natural teeth without compromising masticatory efficiency.

Methods: T-Scan II occlusal analyzer and 722 grating spectrophotometer were used to analyze the distribution of biting force and masticatory efficiency in unilateral distal-extension implant denture.

Geographical mapping of a multifocal thyroid tumour using genetic alteration analysis & miRNA profiling.

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) frequently presents as multiple tumour-foci within a single thyroid gland or pluriform, with synchronous tumours comprising different histological variants, raising questions regarding its clonality. Among the genetic aberrations described in PTC, the BRAF V600E mutation and ret/PTC activation occur most commonly. Several studies have investigated the genetic alteration status of multifocal thyroid tumours, with discordant results.

A molecular expression signature distinguishing follicular lesions in thyroid carcinoma using preamplification RT-PCR in archival samples.

Follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is a lesion that frequently causes difficulties from a diagnostic perspective in the laboratory. The purpose of this study was to interrogate a cohort of archival thyroid lesions using gene expression analysis of a panel of markers proposed to have utility as adjunctive markers in the diagnosis of thyroid neoplasia and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma in particular. Laser Capture Microdissection was used to procure pure cell populations for extraction.