Effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on Intestinal Barrier, Intestinal Flora, and Trimethylamine Oxide in Rats with Heart Failure.

Objective: To explore the mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) modulating the gut microbiome and trimethylamine oxide (TAMO) to exert cardioprotective effects.

Methods: Ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed in rats to induce heart failure (HF). Except for the sham-operation group (n=10), 36 operation-induced models were randomized into 3 groups using a random number table (n=12 in each group): the model group, the BYHWD group (15.

Bioactive neolignans and lignans from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora.

Two new neolignans and one new lignan (1-3) were obtained from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 1 was a racemic mixture and successfully resolved into the anticipated enantiomers via chiral-phase HPLC.

Anti-anaphylactic potential of benzoylpaeoniflorin through inhibiting HDC and MAPKs from Paeonia lactiflora.

Guided by cell-based anti-anaphylactic assay, eighteen cage-like monoterpenoid glycosides (1-18) were obtained from the bioactive fraction of P. lactiflora extract. Among these, compounds 1, 5, 6, 11, 12, 15, and 17 significantly reduced the release rate of β-HEX and HIS without or with less cytotoxicity.

Ultrasonographic assessment of cardiac function and disease severity in coronary heart disease.

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) causes many adverse cardiovascular events and poses a threat to the patient's health and quality of life.

Aim: To evaluate ultrasonography for evaluation of cardiac function and lesion degree in patients with CHD.

Methods: A total of 106 patients with CHD (study group) and 106 healthy individuals (control group) in our hospital from March 2019 to September 2020 were selected for this study.

Relationship between chromatin configuration and in vitro maturation ability in guinea pig oocytes.

Background: Germinal vesicle (GV) chromatin configurations of oocytes are proposed to be related to oocyte competence and may reflect the quality of oocyte. Currently, a limited number of published studies investigated the GV chromatin configurations of guinea pig oocytes.

Objective: In this study on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of guinea pig oocytes, we examined the changes in their GV chromatin configurations during meiotic progression.

Paeonone A, a novel nonanortriterpenoid from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora.

Paeonone A (1), a unique nonanortriterpenoid, and a new octanortriterpenoid, paeonone B (2), were isolated from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora, together with a known analogue, palbinone (3). Paeonone A (1) is the first example of naturally occurring nonanortriterpenoid with a diketo acid group. Extensive NMR and HRESIMS experiments were applied to identify the structures of 1 and 2, and their absolute configurations were solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ECD data.

[Construction and application of pharmacophore model of human carboxylesterase 2 inhibitors].

According to human carboxylesterase 2(hCE2) inhibitors reported in the literature, the pharmacophore model of hCE2 inhibitors was developed using HipHop module in Discovery Studio 2016. The optimized pharmacophore model, which was validated by test set, contained two hydrophobic, one hydrogen bond acceptor, and one aromatic ring features. Using the pharmacophore model established, 5 potential hCE2 inhibitors(CS-1,CS-2,CS-3,CS-6 and CS-8) were screened from 20 compounds isolated from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora, which were further confirmed in vitro, with the IC_(50) values of 5.

Bioactivity-Guided Discovery of Human Carboxylesterase Inhibitors from the Roots of .

In a continuing search for potential inhibitors against human carboxylesterases 1A1 and 2A1 (hCES1A1 and hCES2A1), an EtOAc extract of the roots of showed strong hCES inhibition activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of 26 terpenoids including 12 new ones (-, -, and ). Among these, sesquiterpenoids and , monoterpenoids , , and -, and triterpenoids -, , and - contributed to the hCES2A1 inhibition, in the IC range of 1.

[A new lignan glucoside from root of Paeonia lactiflora].

A new lignan glucoside,(+)-fragransin A_2-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1), has been isolated from the dry root of Paeonia lactiflora by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and MCI-gel resin, as well as preparative RP-HPLC. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis(MS, UV, IR, CD, 1 D and 2 D NMR) and chemical method. Compound 1 showed moderate inhibition against lipopolysaccharide induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.

[Discovery of cytochrome P450 enzymes-inhibiting components in traditional Chinese medicine].

With the widespread use of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the integration of TCM and western medicine, drug-drug interaction(DDI) is considered as a major cause of therapeutic failures and side effects. Cytochrome P450 enzymes(CYPs) are responsible for large number of drug metabolism. CYP3 A4 and CYP2 D6, two important CYP isoforms, are responsible for about 80% drug metabolism of CYPs super family.

Yanhusanines A-F, Isoquinoline-Derived Alkaloid Enantiomers from and Their Biological Activity.

Six new pairs of isoquinoline alkaloid enantiomers, designated as yanhusanines A-F (-), were isolated from an aqueous extract of tubers. The structures of these enantiomers were elucidated via physicochemical analysis and a variety of spectroscopic methods. All compounds were resolved into their enantiomers via chiral-phase HPLC, and their configurations were determined by DP4+ NMR calculation methods, specific rotations, and comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra.

Three new polyoxygenated bergamotanes from the endophytic fungus Penicillium purpurogenum IMM 003 and their inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase.

Purpurolides D-F (1-3), three new polyoxygenated bergamotanes bearing a 6/4/5/5 tetracyclic ring system, were isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium purpurogenum IMM 003. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data analyses, C NMR chemical shifts calculations coupled with the DP4+ probability method, and the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 1-3 showed significant inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase (PL).

Direct sunlight exposure reduces hair cortisol levels in rhesus monkeys .

Major depressive disorder (MDD), commonly known as depression, is a mental disease characterized by a core symptom of low mood. It lasts at least two weeks (Badamasi et al., 2019; Wang et al.

Purpurolide A, 5/5/5 Spirocyclic Sesquiterpene Lactone in Nature from the Endophytic Fungus Penicillium purpurogenum.

Purpurolide A (1), an unprecedent sesquiterpene lactone with a rarely encountered 5/5/5 spirocyclic skeleton, along with two new 6/4/5/5 tetracyclic sesquiterpene lactones (2 and 3), were isolated from the cultures of the endophytic fungus Penicillium purpurogenum IMM003. The structures and absolute configurations of 1-3 were established by spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and calculations of the C NMR and ECD data. Compounds 1-3 showed significant inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase.

[Study on structural conversion of dihydrochelerythrine in different solvents].

Dihydrochelerythrine was isolated from the ethanol extract of Corydalis yanhusuo by chromatographic and recrystallization techniques. To our knowledge, this is the first report that dihydrochelerythrine was found to be unstable. The NMR, HPLC, and LC-MS were applied to monitor the structural conversion process of dihydrochelerythrine.

[Chemical constituents from water-soluble extract of dry roots of Paeonia lactiflora].

Nineteen compounds were isolated from the water-soluble extract of the dry roots of Paeonia lactiflora by using various chromatographic techniques. Their structures were identified by MS， NMR and other spectroscopic analysis as paeoniflorin(1)， 4--ethylpaeoniflorin(2)， 2'--benzoylpaeoniflorin(3)， benzoylpaeoniflorin(4)， 4"-hydroxy-benzoyloxypaeoniflorin(5)， moudanpioside C(6)， 6'--benzoyl-4"-hydroxy-3"-methoxy-paeoniflorin(7)， paeoniflorin B(8)， 6--benzoylalbiflorin(9)， secoisolariciresinol (10)， (+)-lyoniresinol(11)， dihyrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol(12)， ()-threo-7，9，9'-trihydroxy-3，3'-dimethoxy-8--4'-neolignan(13)， (+)-neo-olivil (14)， [()-5-methyl-2，3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-yl]methanol(15)， 5-hydroxy--hydroxymethyl-6-methyl-2，3-dihydrobenzofuran(16)， (+)-()-2-hydroxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-propan-1-one(17)， (+)-(2)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propanol(18)， (+)-()-()-4-hydroxy-2-nonenoic acid(19). Compounds 15 and 18 are new natural products， while compounds 10， 11， 13， 14， 17 and 19 are isolated from the genus Paeonia for the first time.

[Changes in autophagy during maturation and differentiation of Hepa1-6 cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid].

Objective: To investigate the effects of different concentrations of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the maturation, differentiation and autophagy of Hepa1-6 cells.

Monthod: Hepa1-6 cells were treated with 0.1, 1, and 10 µmol/L ATRA, and the changes in the expressions of hepatic specific markers were detected using real-time PCR and Western blotting.

Structures and Biological Evaluation of Monoterpenoid Glycosides from the Roots of Paeonia lactiflora.

Fractionation of an aqueous extract of the air-dried roots of a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, Paeonia lactiflora, yielded the new monoterpenoid glycosides 1-10. Their structures were assigned via spectroscopic techniques, and the absolute configurations of 1, 4-6, and 8 were verified via chemical methods, specific rotation, and electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds 1-4 are rare compared to the reported cage-like paeoniflorin derivatives; that is, they comprised two monoterpenoidal moieties.

Bysspectin A, an unusual octaketide dimer and the precursor derivatives from the endophytic fungus Byssochlamys spectabilis IMM0002 and their biological activities.

Bysspectin A (1), a polyketide-derived octaketide dimer with a novel carbon skeleton, and two new precursor derivatives, bysspectins B and C (2 and 3), were obtained from an organic extract of the endophytic fungus Byssochlamys spectabilis that had been isolated from a leaf tissue of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Edgeworthia chrysantha, together with a known octaketide, paecilocin A (4). Their structures were determined by HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. A plausible route for their biosynthetic pathway is proposed.

[Application of support vector machine approach in studying nephron toxicity of Chinese medicinal materials].

On the basis of web databases, 111 compounds with nephrotoxicity and 90 compounds without nephrotoxicity were collected as data set of nephrotoxicity discrimination model, 39 compounds with tubular necrosis and 39 compounds without tubular necrosis were collected as data set of tubular necrosis discrimination model. The 6 122 molecular descriptors, including physicochemical, charge distribution and geometrical descriptors were calculated to characterize the molecular structure of the above-mentioned compounds. CfsSubsetEval valuation method and BestFirst-D1-N5 searching method were used to select molecular descriptors.

[Application of support vector machine in screening neurotoxic compounds from traditional Chinese medicine].

In this study, based on web database, 324 neurotoxic compounds and 234 non-neurotoxic compounds were selected as a data set for neurotoxicity discriminative model. 6 122 molecular descriptors, including charge distribution, physicochemical and geometrical descriptors,were calculated to characterize the molecular structure of neurotoxic compounds. The combination of Cfs Subset Evaluation and Best First-D1-N5 searching was used to select molecular descriptors.

Characteristics of stem cells derived from rat fascia: in vitro proliferative and multilineage potential assessment.

Fascia‑derived stem cells (FDSCs) were previously isolated from the fascia of the gluteus maximus of the rat. However, the use of FDSCs as a cell source for musculoskeletal tissue engineering has not been compared with that of adipose‑derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and self‑renewal stem cell markers, proliferative capacity and multilineage differentiation potential of these stem cells in vitro.

ALDH1A1 expression correlates with clinicopathologic features and poor prognosis of breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1) has been identified as a putative cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in breast cancer. However, the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of this protein in breast cancer patients remains controversial.

Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted to address the above issues using 15 publications covering 921 ALDH1A1(+) cases and 2353 controls.

Astragalus polysaccharide stimulates glucose uptake in L6 myotubes through AMPK activation and AS160/TBC1D4 phosphorylation.

Aim: To establish the mechanism responsible for the stimulation of glucose uptake by Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), extracted from Astragalus membranaceus Bunge, in L6 myotubes in vitro.

Methods: APS-stimulated glucose uptake in L6 myotubes was measured using the 2-deoxy-[(3)H]-D-glucose method. The adenine nucleotide contents in the cells were measured by HPLC.

Proteomic profiling between CNE-2 and its strongly metastatic subclone S-18 and functional characterization of HSP27 in metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Metastasis to secondary sites remains the leading cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)-associated death. In order to identify the candidate protein(s) responsible for the differential metastatic capacity, the protein expression profiling between NPC cell line CNE-2 and its highly metastatic subclone S-18 were compared by 2-DE. In total, 18 spots were differentially expressed between these two cell lines.