[Expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide in peripheral blood of children with hand, foot and mouth disease].

Objective: To investigate the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in peripheral blood of children with hand, foot and mouth disease and its significance.

Methods: According to the condition of the disease, 86 children with hand, foot and mouth disease were classified into phase 1 group (19 children) and phase 2 group (67 children). ELISA was used to measure the concentrations of plasma VIP, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in peripheral blood.

[A descriptive study on the smoking pattern among general population in Xuzhou, 2008.].

Objective: To understand the prevalence of smoking in different sub-populations in Xuzhou area so as to develop effective tobacco control policies.

Methods: Through multi-stage randomized cluster sampling, a face-to-face study with standard questionnaire was carried out among residents aged above 15 years, from June to December 2008, with descriptive nature.

Results: Totally, 44 686 people, with 21 524 males and 23 162 females at age 15 and over were investigated, including 34 391 of them from rural areas and 10 295 from the urban population.