Transformation to small cell lung cancer is irrespective of EGFR and accelerated by SMAD4-mediated ASCL1 transcription independently of RB1 in non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Histological transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been identified as a mechanism of TKIs resistance in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aim to explore the prevalence of transformation in EGFR-wildtype NSCLC and the mechanism of SCLC transformation, which are rarely understood.

Methods: We reviewed 1474 NSCLC patients to investigate the NSCLC-to-SCLC transformed cases and the basic clinical characteristics, driver gene status and disease course of them.

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-derived septum swing index detects pulmonary hypertension: A diagnostic study.

Background And Objectives: Because of pressure differences between the pulmonary artery and aorta, the ventricular septum moves in a swinging motion that is commonly observed on cardiac MR (CMR) cine sequences in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to assess the use of septum swing index (SSI) derived by CMR for detecting PH.

Methods: We retrospectively identified consecutive patients with suspected PH who underwent right heart catheterization (RHC) and CMR at a PH referral center between July 2019 and December 2020.