Saponin and Ribosome-Inactivating Protein Synergistically Trigger Lysosome-Dependent Apoptosis by Inhibiting Lysophagy: Potential to Become a New Antitumor Strategy.

The susceptibility of lysosomal membranes in tumor cells to cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) enables CADs to induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and trigger lysosome-dependent cell death (LDCD), suggesting a potential antitumor therapeutic approach. However, the existence of intrinsic lysosomal damage response mechanisms limits the display of the pharmacological activity of CADs. In this study, we report that low concentrations of QS-21, a saponin with cationic amphiphilicity extracted from tree, can induce LMP but has nontoxicity to tumor cells.

Oligorecurrence Non-small Cell Lung Cancer After Failure of First-Line Chemotherapy: Computed Tomography-Guided I Seed Implantation vs. Second-Line Chemotherapy.

To compare the efficacy and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided I seed implantation with second-line chemotherapy in treatment of oligorecurrence non-small cell lung cancer after failure of first-line chemotherapy. Data of oligorecurrence non-small cell lung cancer patients after failure of first-line chemotherapy at two institutions were retrospectively reviewed from January 2013 to July 2018. A total of 53 patients who received the treatment of I seed implantation or second-line chemotherapy were eligible for this study.

[Design, synthesis and pharmacological investigation of isoindoline derivatives as 5-HT/NE double reuptake inhibitors].

A series of isoindoline derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their double inhibitory activities. All of them were new compounds, and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and HR-MS. Preliminary in vitro pharmacological tests showed that all compounds exhibited 5-HT or NE reuptake inhibition activity.

[Evaluation of the sedative and hypnotic effects of H1208].

This study is to investigate the sedative and hypnotic effects of a novel compound H1208. The sedative activity of H1208 was investigated by recording the spontaneous locomotor activity of mice. The hypnotic property was evaluated by the latency and duration of sleep (loss of righting reflex) in mice and the effect of hypnotics on sleep pattern of electroencephalogram were studied in conscious, freely moving mice with chronically implanted electrodes.

Herbal Insomnia Medications that Target GABAergic Systems: A Review of the Psychopharmacological Evidence.

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder which is prevalent in women and the elderly. Current insomnia drugs mainly target the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, melatonin receptor, histamine receptor, orexin, and serotonin receptor. GABAA receptor modulators are ordinarily used to manage insomnia, but they are known to affect sleep maintenance, including residual effects, tolerance, and dependence.