TRAF7 negatively regulates the RLR signaling pathway by facilitating the K48-linked ubiquitination of TBK1.

TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a nodal protein involved in multiple signal transduction pathways. In RNA virus-mediated innate immunity, TBK1 is recruited to the prion-like platform formed by MAVS and subsequently activates the transcription factors IRF3/7 and NF-κB to produce type I interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines for the signaling cascade. In this study, TRAF7 was identified as a negative regulator of innate immune signaling.

BAG6 negatively regulates the RLR signaling pathway by targeting VISA/MAVS.

The virus-induced signaling adaptor protein VISA (also known as MAVS, ISP-1, Cardif) is a critical adaptor protein in the innate immune response to RNA virus infection. Upon viral infection, VISA self-aggregates to form a sizeable prion-like complex and recruits downstream signal components for signal transduction. Here, we discover that BAG6 (BCL2-associated athanogene 6, formerly BAT3 or Scythe) is an essential negative regulator in the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway.

HSPBP1 facilitates cellular RLR-mediated antiviral response by inhibiting the K48-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I.

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) plays a critical role in the recognition of intracytoplasmic viral RNA. Upon binding to the RNA of invading viruses, the activated RIG-I translocates to mitochondria, where it recruits adapter protein MAVS, causing a series of signaling cascades. In this study, we demonstrated that Hsp70 binding protein 1 (HSPBP1) promotes RIG-I-mediated signal transduction.

CHID1 positively regulates RLR antiviral signaling by targeting the RIG-I/VISA signalosome.

Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) belongs to the RIGI-like receptors (RLRs), a class of primary pattern recognition receptors. It senses viral double-strand RNA in the cytoplasm and delivers the activated signal to its adaptor virus-induced signaling adapter (VISA), which then recruits the downstream TNF receptor-associated factors and kinases, triggering a downstream signal cascade that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and antiviral interferons (IFNs). However, the mechanism of RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling is not fully understood.

[Extraction and anti-tumor activity study of polysaccharide in several traditional Chinese medicine].

Polysaccharides in Several traditional Chinese medicine compounds of Dioscorea bulbifera L, Dioscorea bulbifera L and Chinese Angelica compounds (3: 2 by mass ratio), Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Scutellrla barbata D. Don compounds (3: 2 by mass ratio) were extracted by ultrasound and the content of polysaccharides were determined by the colorimetry. Dioscorea bulbifera L and Chinese Angelica compounds contained the biggest polysaccharide, 16.