An iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals dysregulation of neocortical synaptopodin in Lewy body dementias.

Lewy body dementias are the second most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia in the elderly after Alzheimer's disease (AD). The two clinical subgroups of Lewy body dementias, namely, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), are differentiated by the chronology of cognitive symptoms relative to parkinsonism. At present, there remains a debate on whether DLB and PDD are separate disease entities, or fall within the same spectrum of Lewy body dementias.

A novel vertebrates Toll-like receptor counterpart regulating the anti-microbial peptides expression in the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in regulation of anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) expression. A novel vertebrates TLR counterpart named PcToll, was firstly identified from the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PcToll together with Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae Toll9 were clustered with human Tolls.

Characterization of two novel ADP ribosylation factors from giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and their responses to WSSV challenge.

ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) are small GTP-binding proteins that have an essential function in intracellular trafficking and organelle structure. To date, little information is available on the Arfs in the economically important giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and their relationship to viral infection. Here we identified two Arf genes from M.

Cloning and characterization of two different L-type lectin genes from the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis.

L-type lectins contain a leguminous lectin domain and bind to high-mannose type oligosaccharides. In the secretory pathway, L-type lectins play crucial functions in the trafficking, sorting, and targeting of maturing glycoproteins. This study identified two novel L-type lectins, designated as EsERGIC-53 and EsVIP36, from the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis.

Function of two novel single-CRD containing C-type lectins in innate immunity from Eriocheir sinensis.

C-type lectin is one of the pattern-recognition proteins of the non-self-innate immune system in invertebrates. In this study, two novel C-type lectin cDNAs (EsCTL1 and EsCTL2) of Eriocheir sinensis were cloned and characterized. EsCTL1 has 169 amino acids, whereas EsCTL2 has 164 amino acids.