Jejunal sarcomatoid carcinoma: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Sarcomatoid carcinoma (SCA) of the jejunum is a rare and aggressive neoplasm affecting the smooth muscle cells of the jejunum. This study presents a recent case of jejunal SCA, detailing its diagnosis and treatment, thereby providing a reference for clinical practice.

Case Summary: A 65-year-old male presented to Yichang Central People's Hospital with a chief complaint of hemorrhoids.

Combination of metformin/efavirenz/fluoxetine exhibits profound anticancer activity via a cancer cell-specific ROS amplification.

The possible anticancer activity of combination (M + E + F) of metformin (M), efavirenz (E), and fluoxetine (F) was investigated in normal HDF cells and HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Metformin increased cellular FOXO3a, p-FOXO3a, AMPK, p-AMPK, and MnSOD levels in HDFs but not in HCT116 cells. Cellular ATP level was decreased only in HDFs by metformin.

The mixture of Ledeb. and Bunge. extract produces analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model.

Pain and inflammation typically manifest in patients with arthritis. It is now widely known that Ledeb (AP) and Bunge (SM) exert anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. We have previously reported that the mixture extract (ME) from AP and SM produces antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in gout arthritis and monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced arthritis models.

Metformin-induced ROS upregulation as amplified by apigenin causes profound anticancer activity while sparing normal cells.

Metformin increased cellular ROS levels in AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer cells, with minimal effect in HDF, human primary dermal fibroblasts. Metformin reduced cellular ATP levels in HDF, but not in AsPC-1 cells. Metformin increased AMPK, p-AMPK (Thr172), FOXO3a, p-FOXO3a (Ser413), and MnSOD levels in HDF, but not in AsPC-1 cells.

The Anti-Inflammatory and the Antinociceptive Effects of Mixed Ledeb. and Bunge Extract.

Arthritis is a common condition that causes pain and inflammation in a joint. Previously, we reported that the mixture extract (ME) from Ledeb. (AP) and Bunge (SM) could ameliorate gout arthritis.

The changes of nociception and the signal molecules expression in the dorsal root ganglia and the spinal cord after cold water swimming stress in mice.

Several studies have previously reported that exposure to stress provokes behavioral changes, including antinociception, in rodents. In the present study, we studied the effect of acute cold-water (4°C) swimming stress (CWSS) on nociception and the possible changes in several signal molecules in male ICR mice. Here, we show that 3 min of CWSS was sufficient to produce antinociception in tailflick, hot-plate, von-Frey, writhing, and formalin-induced pain models.

Modulation of corticosterone and changes of signal molecules in the HPA axis after cold water swimming stress.

In the present study, we examined the effect of cold-water swimming stress (CWSS) on plasma corticosterone levels. Mice were exposed to stress in 4°C for 3 mins. Plasma corticosterone (CORT) level was measured at 0, 15, and 30 min after stress stimulation.

The modulatory role of β‑amyloid in the regulation of nociception in mice.

β-amyloid is an important factor in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. This study investigates β-amyloid's role in the regulation of nociception in mice. Pretreated once, 2 weeks prior to testing with β-amyloid, male ICR mice were examined on various nociceptive tests.

Antinociceptive effect of chrysin in diabetic neuropathy and formalin-induced pain models.

Chrysin, a natural flavonoid, is the main ingredient of many medicinal plants, which shows potent pharmacological properties. In the present study, the antinociceptive effects of chrysin were examined in ICR mice. Chrysin orally administered at the doses of from 10 to 100 mg/kg exerted the reductions of formalin-induced pain behaviors observed during the second phase in the formalin test in a dose-dependent manner.

Brain Proteomic Profiling in Intractable Epilepsy Caused by TSC1 Truncating Mutations: A Small Sample Study.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease characterized by seizures, mental deficiency, and abnormalities of the skin, brain, kidney, heart, and lungs. TSC is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is caused by variations in either the TSC1 or TSC2 gene. TSC-related epilepsy (TRE) is the most prevalent and challenging clinical feature of TSC, and more than half of the patients have refractory epilepsy.

The role of spinally located dopamine D receptors in the regulation of the blood glucose level in mice.

Background: The possible role of dopamine D receptors located in the spinal cord in the regulation of the blood glucose level have not been investigated before.

Methods: In the present study, the effect of D receptor agonist and antagonist administered intrathecal (it) injection on the blood glucose level were examined in the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice.

Results: We found that it injection with carmoxirole (D receptor agonist) caused an elevation of the blood glucose level in a dose-dependent manner.

The Molecular Signatures of Acute-immobilization-induced Antinociception and Chronic-immobilization-induced Antinociceptive Tolerance.

In the present study, the productions of antinociception induced by acute and chronic immobilization stress were compared in several animal pain models. In the acute immobilization stress model (up to 1 hr immobilization), the antinociception was produced in writhing, tail-flick, and formalin- induced pain models. In chronic immobilization stress experiment, the mouse was enforced into immobilization for 1 hr/day for 3, 7, or 14 days, then analgesic tests were performed.

Effects of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol on hippocampal cell death induced by kainic acid.

In the present study, we have examined the possible neuroprotective effects of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol against kainic-acid (KA)-induced hippocampal neuronal cell death. Either resveratrol or oxyresvertrol was orally administered 30 min prior to intracerebroventricular (i.c.

[Effects of aerobic exercise and glutamine on oxidative stress and expression of related factors in type 2 diabetic rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise and glutamine (Gln) on anti-oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2MD) rats.

Methods: Diabetic rat model was induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Fifty 6-week old male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10), including quiet control group (N), diabetes control group (D), diabetic aerobic exercise group (DE), diabetic glutamine group (DG) and diabetic aerobic exercise glutamine group (DEG).

[Effects of aerobic exercise combined with melatonin on osteoporosis of type II diabetic rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise and melatonin on osteoporosis in type 2 diabetic rats.

Methods: Sixty fe male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (=10) and the diabetic model group (=50). The rats in the control group(N group) did not receive any intervention, and the rats in the type Ⅱ diabetic group (D) was injected with streptozocin(STZ) at the dose of 35 mg/kg by intraperitoneally.

[The experimental study on melatonin gastro intestinal motility and plasma levels of stress hormones in overtraining rat].

Objective: To study the effect of melatonin on the gastrointestinal motility and plasma levels of the stress hormone in overtraining rats.

Method: Thirty adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): control group, over-training group, melatonin intervention group. 30 min before each training, rats in the control and over-training groups were fed with normal saline (15 mg/kg) once a day and 5 times per week, while rats in the melatonin intervention group were administrated with melatonin, perfusion in the intervention group (15 mg/kg).

Hemodynamic effect of apelin in a canine model of acute pulmonary thromboembolism.

The peptide apelin is expressed in the pulmonary vasculature and is involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. It has a biphasic role in the regulation of vasomotor tone related to the vascular endothelium. In this study, we induced acute pulmonary embolism (APE) in dogs with autologous blood clots to assess the effect of apelin on pulmonary and systemic circulation in the acute phase of APE.