Micropyrones A and B, two new -pyrones from the actinomycete sp. GJ312 isolated from Fisch.

Two new -pyrones, micropyrones A () and B (), along with four known -pyrones, nocapyrone D (), nocapyrone A (), marinactinone A (), and nocapyrone H (), were isolated from the culture extract of actinomycete sp. GJ312, which was isolated from . The structures of these compounds were identified by analysis of spectral data.

Bioactive Diarylheptanoids from Alpinia coriandriodora.

Eight new diarylheptanoids, coriandralpinins A-H (1-8), were isolated from the rhizomes of Alpinia coriandriodora, an edible plant of the ginger family. Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculations. Compounds 1-8 have a 1,5-O-bridged diarylheptanoid structure featuring polyoxygenated aryl units.

Dihydrochalcones from the leaves of .

Three new phlorizin derivatives, 6"--vanilloylphlorizin (), 6"--(4-hydroxybenzoyl)phlorizin (), 6"--feruloylphlorizin (), along with four known dihydrochalcones, phlorizin (), 3-hydroxyphlorizin, trilobatin, and 6"--acetylphlorizin were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were established by analysis of extensive spectroscopic data. The new compounds were shown to be non-cytotoxic when tested against A549, HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines.

Xylarodons A and B, new hexaketides from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. SC1440.

Two new hexaketides, xylarodons B (1) and C (2), were isolated from solid cultures of the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. SC1440. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of detailed 1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS analysis.

Absolute configurations of four resorcylic acid lactones, paecilomycins J-M, by CD/TDDFT calculations.

The absolute configurations of four resorcylic acid lactones (RALs), paecilomycins J-M (1-3 and 5), were assigned by Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory (TDDFT) calculations of their electronic circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The previously reported structure 4 for paecilomycin M was found to be incorrect and should be changed to structure 5. Analysis of structure-spectrum relationship for this group of RALs suggested that V'-shape conformations give type I CD spectra (two negative Cotton effects around 300 and 260 nm, a positive Cotton effect around 220 nm) while V-shape conformations yield type II spectra (signs of three Cotton effects were opposite to those in type I).

Response of soil fauna to simulated nitrogen deposition: a nursery experiment in subtropical China.

We studied the responses of soil fauna to a simulated nitrogen deposition in nursery experimental plots in Subtropical China. Dissolved NH4NO3 was applied to the soil by spraying twice per month for 16 months, starting in January 2003 with treatments of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 30 gN/(m2 x a). Soil fauna was sampled after 6, 9, 13 and 16 months of treatment in three soil depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm).