Analysis of heterocyclic aromatic amines using selective extraction by magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers coupled with liquid chromatography - Mass spectrometry.

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HCAs) are highly carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals. This study reports on the development of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) for the purification and quantification of HCAs. A novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer was successfully prepared using a surface molecular imprinting method using functionalized Fe particles as the magnetic cores.

Zinc finger protein 91 mediates necroptosis by initiating RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL signal transduction in response to TNF receptor 1 ligation.

Necroptosis is a form of regulated programmed cell death that is mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase-3 (RIPK3), and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL); however, it is not known whether zinc finger protein 91 (ZFP91) is involved in this process. Here, we investigated ZFP91 as a potential mediator of necroptosis. Our mechanistic study demonstrates that ZFP91 promotes RIPK1-RIPK3 interaction, thereby stabilizing the RIPK1 and RIPK3 proteins and facilitating necroptosis.

Anti-Tumor Effects of Carrimycin and Monomeric Isovalerylspiramycin I on Hepatocellular Carcinoma and .

Hepatocellular carcinoma results in a high risk of second primary malignancies and has prominent morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of effective treatment and prognosis is poor. Therefore, effective drugs need to be discovered.

Convallatoxin inhibits IL-1β production by suppressing zinc finger protein 91 (ZFP91)-mediated pro-IL-1β ubiquitination and caspase-8 inflammasome activity.

Background And Purpose: ZFP91 positively regulates IL-1β production in macrophages and may be a potential therapeutic target to treat inflammatory-related diseases. We investigated whether this process is modulated by convallatoxin, which is a cardiac glycoside isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde.

Experimental Approach: In vitro, the mechanisms by which convallatoxin inhibits ZFP91-regulated IL-1β expression were investigated using molecular docking, western blotting, RT-PCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assays.

Formononetin represses cervical tumorigenesis by interfering with the activation of PD-L1 through MYC and STAT3 downregulation.

A. membranaceus is a traditional Chinese medicine that regulates blood sugar levels, suppresses inflammation, protects the liver, and enhances immunity. In addition, A.

Panaxadiol inhibits IL-1β secretion by suppressing zinc finger protein 91-regulated activation of non-canonical caspase-8 inflammasome and MAPKs in macrophages.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The use of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.

Social support status and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming city, China.

Background: People living with HIV/AIDS not only require effective treatment for the alleviation of physical discomfort but also require social support to help them address difficulties in life and relieve their psychological anxiety and uneasiness. The social support network is of tremendous importance in helping people living with HIV/AIDS maintain good physical and mental health. This study aims to analyse the social support status among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming and explore associated factors.

Usnic acid suppresses cervical cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting PD-L1 expression and enhancing T-lymphocyte tumor-killing activity.

The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway is abnormally expressed in cervical cancer cells. Moreover, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade reduces the apoptosis and exhaustion of T cells and inhibits the development of malignant tumors. Usnic acid is a dibenzofuran compound originating from Usnea diffracta Vain and has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and anticancer activities.

Design, synthesis of novel celastrol derivatives and study on their antitumor growth through HIF-1α pathway.

Four series of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) functioning derivatives stemming from modifications to the C-29 carboxyl group of celastrol were designed and synthesized, and their anticancer activities were evaluated. To address the structure and activity relationship of each derivative, extensive structural changes were made. HRE luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that 12 modified compounds showed superior HIF-1α inhibitory activity.

Synthesis and evaluation of the epithelial-to- mesenchymal inhibitory activity of indazole-derived imidazoles as dual ALK5/p38α MAP inhibitors.

Drugs of targeting both activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) and p38α have therapeutic advantages, making them attractive treatment options for tumors. Two series of 4-(1H-indazol-5-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazoles 13a-g and 4-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazoles 20a-g were synthesized and evaluated for ALK5 and p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitory activity. The most potent compound, 13c (J-1090), inhibited ALK5- and p38α-mediated phosphorylation with half-maximal inhibitor concentrations of 0.

Britannin stabilizes T cell activity and inhibits proliferation and angiogenesis by targeting PD-L1 via abrogation of the crosstalk between Myc and HIF-1α in cancer.

Background: Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is overexpressed in tumor cells, which causes tumor cells to escape T cell killing, and promotes tumor cell survival, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Britannin is a natural product with anticancer pharmacological effects.

Purpose: In this work, we studied the anticancer potential of britannin and explored whether britannin mediated its effect by inhibiting the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells.

Erianin regulates programmed cell death ligand 1 expression and enhances cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl is a cultivation of Dendrobium which belongs to the family of Orchidaceae. D. chrysotoxum Lindl is a traditional Chinese medicine with a wide range of clinical applications including tonic, astringent, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties as early as the 28th century B.

VcMYB4a, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor from Vaccinium corymbosum, negatively regulates salt, drought, and temperature stress.

MYB transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in the plant's response to abiotic stress. In this study, we cloned a novel MYB TF gene from Vaccinium corymbosum (blueberry) using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The cDNA contained a 798-bp open reading frame that encodes a 265-amino acid protein.

Curcumol inhibits the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 through crosstalk between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and STAT3 (T705) signaling pathways in hepatic cancer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Curcuma wenyujin is a Chinese traditional herbal medicine that is commonly used as an anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-tumorigenic agent. Curcumol is a representative index component for the quality control of the essential oil of Curcuma wenyujin, which is currently used as an anti-cancer drug, and is included in the State Pharmacopoeia Commission of the People's Republic of China (2005). However, the mechanisms of action and molecular functions of curcumol are not yet fully elucidated.

Panaxadiol inhibits programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression and tumour proliferation via hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and STAT3 in human colon cancer cells.

Panaxadiol is a triterpenoid sapogenin monomeric compound found in the roots of Panax ginseng and has a variety of biological activities such as neuroprotective and anti-tumour functions. However, the mechanisms how panaxadiol exerts the anticancer effects remain unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the potential activity of panaxadiol on programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumour proliferation in human colon cancer cells and to identify the underlying mechanism.

Convallatoxin promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation and angiogenesis through crosstalk between JAK2/STAT3 (T705) and mTOR/STAT3 (S727) signaling pathways in colorectal cancer.

Background: Aberrant activation of STAT3 is frequently encountered and promotes survival, cellular proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis in tumor cell. Convallatoxin, triterpenoid ingredient, exhibits anticancer pharmacological properties.

Purpose: In this work, we investigated the anticancer potential of convallatoxin and explored whether convallatoxin mediates its effect through interference with the STAT3 activation in colorectal cancer cells.

Analysis of factors associated with dropping-out from HIV antiretroviral therapy in Kunming City, China.

Background: The implementation of national antiretroviral therapy (ART) and expanded ART policies results in that more and more HIV-infected patients receive ART in Kunming, Yunnan province, China. At the same time, however, the number of patients, who drop-out from ART, are also increasing. In this study, we explored the factors that may account for drop-out.

Convallatoxin protects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting NF-κB signaling through activation of PPARγ.

Convallatoxin (CNT) is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde and has both anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action of CNT was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Stimulation of mouse macrophages with lipopolysaccharide induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines via suppression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), two transcription factors implicated in many inflammatory diseases.

Sodium cantharidinate suppresses human osteosarcoma MG‑63 cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest by inhibition of PI3K/AKT activation.

The function and mechanism of sodium cantharidininate (SC) underlying its suppression of human osteosarcoma (OS) MG‑63 cells were investigated for the first time in the present study. MG‑63 cell proliferation was determined by WST‑1 assay post SC treatment at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The results showed that SC effectively inhibited MG‑63 cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in a dose‑dependent manner.

Dictamnine promotes apoptosis and inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and proliferation by downregulating the HIF-1α and Slug signaling pathways.

Dictamnine (DTM) is a natural alkaloid isolated from the root of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz and has been shown to exhibit multiple biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-angiogenic and anticancer activity. However, the mechanisms by which dictamnine inhibits tumor growth are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of dictamnine as a treatment for cancer and to identify the underlying mechanisms of its anticancer activity.