Bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol-related meroterpenoids as potent DRAK2 inhibitors from Hypericum patulum.

As a both edible and medicinal plant, Hypericum patulum (Hypericaceae) is used as a natural herbal tea, scented tea, and folk medicine. In this study, eight undescribed bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol-related meroterpenoids named hyperpatins A-H, along with eight known ones, were isolated from this plant. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic techniques, chemical method, X-ray crystallographic experiments, and electronic circular dichroism analyses.

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy.

Background: Several studies have suggested that transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) may be effective for the treatment of epilepsy. However, auricular acupoint therapy (including auricular acupuncture and auricular point-sticking therapy), a method of stimulating the vagus nerve, has been poorly reviewed. This systematic review is the first to categorize auricular acupoint therapy as transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), aiming to assess the efficacy of taVNS in patients with epilepsy (PWE), and to analyse the results of animal experiments on the antiepileptic effects of taVNS.

Formyl phloroglucinol meroterpenoids from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus subsp. maidenii and their ATP-citrate lyase inhibitory activities.

Three new formyl phloroglucinol meroterpenoids, eumaidials A-C (1-3), were isolated from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus subsp. maidenii, along with ten known analogues (4-13). Their chemical structures were determined by various spectral data and electronic circular dichroism calculations.

Road dust exposure and human corneal damage in a plateau high geological background provincial capital city: Spatial distribution, sources, bioaccessibility, and cytotoxicity of dust heavy metals.

Ocular surface diseases are common in the plateau city, Kunming China, the continued daily exposure to heavy metals in dust may be an important inducement. In this study, the 150 road dust samples from five functional areas in Kunming were collected. The concentrations, distribution, possible sources, and bioaccessibility of heavy metals were analyzed.

Shengmai injection inhibits palmitic acid-induced myocardial cell inflammatory death via regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Objective: To determine the protective effect of Shengmai injection (SMI) on myocardial injury in diabetic rats and its mechanism based on NLRP3/Caspase1 signaling pathway.

Materials And Methods: Rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured , and the cell survival rate of different concentrations of palmitate acid (PA) and different concentrations of SMI were detected by CCK-8. The myocardial injury cell model was induced with PA, treated with SMI, and combined with NLRP3 specific inhibitor (MCC950) to interfere with the high-fat-induced rat H9c2 myocardial cell injury model.

A new class of potent liver injury protective compounds: Structural elucidation, total synthesis and bioactivity study.

A new class of potent liver injury protective compounds, phychetins A-D (-) featuring an unique 6/6/5/6/5 pentacyclic framework, were isolated and structurally characterized from a Chinese medicinal plant . Compounds - are three pairs of enantiomers that were initially obtained in a racemic manner, and were further separated by chiral HPLC preparation. Compounds - were proposed to be originated biosynthetically from a coexisting lignan an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction as the key step.

Punicalagin attenuates ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction via regulating the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway.

Context: Punicalagin has myocardial protection; the mechanism of punicalagin on ventricular remodeling (VR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear.

Objective: These studies explore the role and mechanism of punicalagin in preventing and treating VR after AMI.

Materials And Methods: Molecular docking was used to predict the targets of punicalagin.

Enantiomeric pairs of macrocyclic acylphloroglucinols from Syzygium szemaoense.

Two enantiomeric pairs of macrocyclic acylphloroglucinols (1a/1b and 2a/2b) with an unprecedented carbon skeleton featuring a bicyclo[12.3.1]octadecane core, together with an undescribed biogenetically related long-chain acylphloroglucinol (3), were isolated from Syzygium szemaoense.

A review of the current research on in vivo and in vitro detection for alpha-synuclein: a biomarker of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease is a health-threatening neurodegenerative disease of the elderly with clinical manifestations of motor and non-motor deficits such as tremor palsy and loss of smell. Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is the pathological basis of PD, it can abnormally aggregate into insoluble forms such as oligomers, fibrils, and plaques, causing degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in the patient's brain and the formation of Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neuritis (LN) inclusions. As a result, achieving α-Syn aggregate detection in the early stages of PD can effectively stop or delay the progression of the disease.

Acylphloroglucinol-monoterpene meroterpenoids from Eucalyptus tereticornis and their inhibitory activity against ATP citrate lyase.

Five undescribed enantiomeric pairs of acylphloroglucinol-monoterpene meroterpenoids ((+)-/(-)-eucateretins A-E) resolved by chiral-phase HPLC were obtained from the leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith, along with nine known analogues. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and ECD calculations. This is the first report of meroterpenoid enantiomers from this plant.

The Protective Effect of Sheng Mai Yin on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via NLRP3/Caspase-1 Pathway.

Sheng Mai Yin (SMY) has therapeutic effects on myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and myocarditis. To study whether SMY can relieve pyroptosis and play a protective role in diabetic cardiomyopathy, a molecular docking technique was used to predict the possible mechanism of SMY against DCM. Then, a DCM rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), divided into 5 groups: the DM group (model), SMY-L group (2.

Organophosphorus Flame Retardant TCPP Induces Cellular Senescence in Normal Human Skin Keratinocytes: Implication for Skin Aging.

Tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) is one of the most frequently detected organophosphorus flames in the environment. Continuous daily exposure to TCPP may harm human skin. However, little is known about the adverse effects of TCPP on human skin.

Mechanisms of PALLD, PRKCH, AKAP12, PDK4, and CHIT1 Proteins in Serum Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis.

Background: The mechanism of PALLD, PRKCH, AKAP12, PDK4, and CHIT1 proteins in serum diagnosis of neonatal sepsis (NS) was explored.

Methods: Analysis of PALLD, PRKCH, AKAP12, PDK4, and CHIT1 expression in serum from NS patients and their correlations were manifested. Evaluation of the ability of PALLD, PRKCH, AKAP12, PDK4, and CHIT1 to identify NS was manifested.

Mechanisms of Cd-Induced Cytotoxicity in Normal Human Skin Keratinocytes: Implication for Human Health.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic heavy metals found widely in the environment. Skin is an important target organ of Cd exposure. However, the adverse effects of Cd on human skin are still not well known.

Physical activity alleviates negative effects of bedroom light pollution on blood pressure and hypertension in Chinese young adults.

Excessive exposure to light at night (LAN) has become a serious public health concern. However, little is known about the impact of indoor LAN exposure on blood pressure, particularly among young adults. We aimed to investigate the effects of bedroom individual-level LAN exposure in real-world environment on blood pressure and hypertension among vulnerable young adults, and to evaluate the possible buffering effect of physical activity.

Dexmedetomidine prevents hemorrhagic brain injury by reducing damage induced by ferroptosis in mice.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating condition with significant morbidity and mortality for which few effective treatments are clinically available. After ICH, iron overload within the perihaematomal region can induce lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation, which contribute to secondary brain injury. An iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death known as ferroptosis was recently identified.

Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside exerts cardioprotective effects through NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway in ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction.

Ventricular remodeling (VR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the main pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (CHF). Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (KR) is the flavonoid glycoside with the highest content in Lu'an GuaPian tea, which has good pharmacological activities. However, the mechanism of KR against VR after AMI remains unclear.

Is farmland financial innovation narrowing the urban-rural income gap? A cross-regional study of China.

Over the past four decades, China's economy has experienced tremendous economic growth but also a widening urban-rural income gap. Given the dilemma of the urban-rural income gap in China explained by neoclassical equilibrium theory, this paper attempts to provide a new theoretical explanation for the large-income gap between urban and rural areas in China. We select data from 30 provinces(cities) in China over the period from 2006 to 2017 as a sample to investigate whether and how the degree of farmland financial innovation narrows the urban-rural income gap.

Dermal bioaccessibility and cytotoxicity of heavy metals in urban soils from a typical plateau city: Implication for human health.

The dermal exposure of heavy metals in contaminated urban soils poses huge environmental health risks globally. However, their dermal bioaccessibility and adverse effects on human skin cells were not fully understood. In this study, we measured the total and dermal bioaccessibility of Cr, As, Cd, Pb, and Cu in four selected urban soil samples from Kunming, Yunnan, China, and evaluated the cellular responses of these bioaccessible extracts on human keratinocytes (HaCaT).

The crucial role of thioredoxin interacting protein in the liver insulin resistance induced by di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalates.

The widespread usage of plastic products in human life has led to extensive exposure to plasticizers and resulted in serious health problems for humans, which has become a focus of toxicology research in the world. We aimed to explore the potential mechanism of liver insulin resistance induced by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and working on a novel treatment to alleviate insulin resistance caused by excessive exposure to DEHP. For this purpose, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted, and the pivotal factors in the insulin signaling pathway were analyzed.

Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice Through the Inhibition of TRPV4 Opening.

Post-stroke anxiety severely affects recovery in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Dexmedetomidine (Dex), a highly selective alpha 2 adrenal receptor (α2-AR) agonist, was recently found to exert an excellent protective effect against mental disorders including anxiety. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel is involved in a series of diseases such as asthma, cancer, anxiety, and cardiac hypertrophy.

and protective effects of shengmai injection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Context: Shengmai injection (SMI) has been used to treat heart failure.

Objective: This study determines the molecular mechanisms of SMI against cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin (DOX).

Materials And Methods: , DOX (15 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected in model, Dex (dexrazoxane), SMI-L (2.

Mitochondria homeostasis: Biology and involvement in hepatic steatosis to NASH.

Mitochondrial biology and behavior are central to the physiology of liver. Multiple mitochondrial quality control mechanisms remodel mitochondrial homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. Mitochondrial dysfunction and damage induced by overnutrition lead to oxidative stress, inflammation, liver cell death, and collagen production, which advance hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Gender-based differences in neuroprotective effects of hydrogen gas against intracerebral hemorrhage-induced depression.

Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) severely affects recovery in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Although hydrogen gas (H) exerts excellent neuroprotective effects in patients with ICH, there are sex-based differences in H efficacy in several diseases. Herein, we determined whether estrogen increases susceptibility to the neuroprotective effects of H in males with ICH-induced depression.