Gastrointestinal bleeding after pancreatoduodenectomy: Report of four cases.

Background: Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage is one of the most severe and life-threatening complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy. We present four cases of gastrointestinal bleeding patients to clarify its appropriate treatment and prevention.

Case Summary: The main symptoms included black stool, hematochezia, haematemesis, blood in the nasogastric tube, and hemorrhagic shock.

[Method for Dynamic Updating of Source Emission Inventories Based on the Response Relationship Between Anthropogenic Source Emissions and Air Quality].

Pollution source emission inventories are the basis for analyzing the causes of pollution, identifying the contribution of pollution sources, and scientifically formulating air pollution prevention strategies. The current inventory construction methods mainly focus on improving the accuracy and spatial and temporal resolution of the inventory, and there is an urgent need to look into dynamic updating methods to address the problem of lagging source emission inventories. In order to develop an effective and versatile method for the dynamic updating of source emission inventories, a meteorological normalization method based on random forests was chosen to capture the response relationship between pollutants and anthropogenic emissions.

Drug repurposing opportunities for breast cancer and seven common subtypes.

Breast cancer is a substantial global health problem, and drug repurposing provides novel opportunities to address the urgent need for therapeutics. According to significant Mendelian randomization (MR) results, we identified 26 genes for overall breast cancer, 25 genes for ER+ breast cancer and 4 genes (CASP8, KCNN4, MYLK4, TNNT3) for ER- breast cancer. In order to explore the differences between 5 intrinsic subtypes, we found 29 actionable druggable genes for Luminal A breast cancer, 2 genes (IGF2 and TNNT3) for Luminal B breast cancer, 1 gene (FAAH) for Luminal B HER2 negative breast cancer, and 3 genes (CASP8, KCNN4, and TP53) for triple-negative breast cancer.

Identification and seasonal variation of PM-bound organophosphate flame retardants from industrial parks and the associated human health risk.

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) have become pervasive environmental pollutants. However, there is a lack of information available regarding PM-bound OPFRs emitted from industrial parks dedicated to the manufacturing and processing of metal-related products. In this study, 15 OPFRs in PM were identified from two industrial parks specializing in aluminum products and the deep processing of metals, respectively.

Identification and seasonal variation of specific particulate bound (halogenated) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air from different metal industrial parks in Northwest China.

During the process of industrial heating, a large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their halogenated compounds (Cl/Br-PAHs) can be formed. However, there is still limited understanding of the chemicals from different metal smelting industrial parks. This study evaluated the seasonal variations, composition profiles, and source allocations of the atmospheric particulate-bound PAHs and Cl/Br-PAHs in different metal industrial parks in a typical industrial city in northwest China.

Endometrial stem cells alleviate cisplatin-induced ferroptosis of granulosa cells by regulating Nrf2 expression.

Background: Premature ovarian failure (POF) caused by cisplatin is a severe and intractable sequela for young women with cancer who received chemotherapy. Cisplatin causes the dysfunction of granulosa cells and mainly leads to but is not limited to its apoptosis and autophagy. Ferroptosis has been also reported to participate, while little is known about it.

From genomic spectrum of NTRK genes to adverse effects of its inhibitors, a comprehensive genome-based and real-world pharmacovigilance analysis.

The discovery of neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase () gene fusions has facilitated the development of precision oncology. Two first-generation inhibitors (larotrectinib and entrectinib) are currently approved for the treatment of patients with solid tumors harboring gene fusions. Nevertheless, comprehensive profiling at the pan-cancer genomic level and real-world studies pertaining to the adverse events of inhibitors are lacking.

A pharmacovigilance study of etoposide in the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database, what does the real world say?

Etoposide is a broad-spectrum antitumor drug that has been extensively studied in clinical trials. However, limited information is available regarding its real-world adverse reactions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and evaluate etoposide-related adverse events in a real-world setting by using data mining method on the U.

FGF2 Rescued Cisplatin-Injured Granulosa Cells through the NRF2-Autophagy Pathway.

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a complicated disorder related to the apoptosis of granulosa cells. The incidence of chemotherapy-associated POF is rising dramatically owing to the increasing proportion of cancer in adolescents. According to previous studies, oxidative stress caused by chemotherapeutic agents plays an important role in the development of POF.

Updating and evaluating the NH gas-phase chemical mechanism of MOZART-4 in the WRF-Chem model.

The accuracy of determining atmospheric chemical mechanisms is a key factor in air pollution prediction, pollution-cause analysis and the development of control schemes based on air quality model simulations. However, the reaction of NH and OH to generate NH and its subsequent reactions are often ignored in the MOZART-4 chemical mechanism. To solve this problem, the gas-phase chemical mechanism of NH was updated in this study.

Effects of chemical boundary conditions on simulated O concentrations in China and their chemical mechanisms.

Chemical boundary conditions (BCs) are important inputs for regional chemical transport models. In this study, we use the brute-force method (BFM), process analysis (PA) and response surface model (RSM) to quantify the effects of BCs on simulated O concentrations in different regions of China by the weather research and forecasting with chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. We combine the model with an integrated gas-phase reaction rate (IRR) tool to further analyze the changes in the O chemical mechanisms.

Chemical reactivity of volatile organic compounds and their effects on ozone formation in a petrochemical industrial area of Lanzhou, Western China.

Measurements of ozone (O) and its precursors were performed in the summer of 2019 in Lanzhou, a petrochemical industrial city, to better understand the reactivity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their effects on O production. During the campaign, the daily maximum 8-hour average (MDA8) O, NO, and total VOC (TVOC) concentrations reached 72.2 ± 19.

Mechanical response of surface wettability of Janus porous membrane and its application in oil-water separation.

Smart surfaces with switchable wettability are widely studied for environmental application. Although a large number of stimulation routes provide broad prospects for the development of smart surfaces, achieving high sensitivity, fast response and recovery, simple operation, security and good stability is still challenging. Herein, a Janus membrane via electrospinning, chemical bath deposition and heat treatment is constructed.

Pharmacology and Potential Implications of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Precursors.

Coenzyme I (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD/NADH) and coenzyme II (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADPNADPH) are involved in various biological processes in mammalian cells. NAD is synthesised through the de novo and salvage pathways, whereas coenzyme II cannot be synthesised de novo. NAD is a precursor of coenzyme II.

NADPH is superior to NADH or edaravone in ameliorating metabolic disturbance and brain injury in ischemic stroke.

Our previous studies confirm that exogenous reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) exerts a neuroprotective effect in animal models of ischemic stroke, and its primary mechanism is related to anti-oxidative stress and improved energy metabolism. However, it is unknown whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) also plays a neuroprotective role and whether NADPH is superior to NADH against ischemic stroke? In this study we compared the efficacy of NADH, NADPH, and edaravone in ameliorating brain injury and metabolic stress in ischemic stroke. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (t-MCAO/R) mouse model and in vitro oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model were established.

Epidemiological investigation of infection in elderly people in Beijing.

Background: The () infection rate in China is approximately 50%. is a pathogenic factor of peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis. In addition, infection may also be associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases in elderly people, such as arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and cerebral infarction, having deleterious effect on their health.