Neonatal intensive care admissions and exposure to satellite-derived air pollutants in the United States, 2018.

In the United States (US), neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) monitor and treat newborns for a variety of adverse health concerns including preterm status, respiratory distress and restricted growth. As such, NICU admission is an integrated measure of neonatal risk. We linked 2018 US national birth registry NICU admission data among singleton births with satellite and modelled air pollution levels for the month prior to birth to examine whether late-pregnancy exposure to ambient air pollutants is associated with adverse neonatal health outcomes.

Isolation, purification, structural characterization, and antitumor activity of Gynura divaricata polysaccharides.

In this study, a water-soluble, homogeneous polysaccharide, GDPs-1, was isolated from Gynura divaricata and purified. It was subsequently subjected to structural characterization and biological activity assessment. Structural characterization revealed that GDPs-1 was mainly composed of glucose, galactose, and arabinose, with a molecular weight of 55.

Advanced dressings based on novel biological targets for diabetic wound healing: A review.

The diabetic wound is one of the most common complications of diabetes in clinic. The existing diabetic wound dressings all have bottlenecks in decreasing inflammation, stopping peripheral neuropathy, relieving local ischemia and hypoxia in diabetic wounds. These challenges are intricately linked to the roles of various growth factors, as well as matrix metalloproteinases.

Nutrient Content Prediction and Geographical Origin Identification of Bananas by Combining Hyperspectral Imaging with Chemometrics.

The nutritional quality of bananas and their geographical origin authenticity are very important for trade. There is an urgent need for rapid, non-destructive testing to improve the origin and quality assurance for importers, distributors, and consumers. In this study, 99 banana samples from a range of producing countries were collected.

Microglia-derived ADAM9 promote GHRH neurons pyroptosis by Mad2L2-JNK-caspase-1 pathway in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The incidence of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is significantly higher than that of other neuroendocrine disorders, but the mechanism is still elusive. We used mass spectrometry to identify differentially expressed proteins in cerebrospinal fluid samples from a well-characterized cohort of patients. A total of 683 proteins were identified, including 39 upregulated proteins in the GHD group.

Isolation, characterization, and activity of the polysaccharides in Bulbophyllum kwangtumgense Schltr.

A microwave-assisted method was used to extract the polysaccharide from Bulbophyllumkwangtumgense Schltr, and the optimum extraction conditions were determined by orthogonal experiments. The purified polysaccharide component BKP-1 had an obvious polysaccharide characteristic structure on the infrared spectrum and was mainly composed of xylose and glucuronic acid at a ratio of 0.568:0.

Metallaphotocatalytic triple couplings for modular synthesis of elaborate N-trifluoroalkyl anilines.

The integration of trifluoromethyl groups and three-dimensional quaternary carbon moieties into organic molecules has emerged as a prominent strategy in medicinal chemistry to augment drug efficacy. Although trifluoromethyl (hetero)aromatic amines and derivatives are prevalent frameworks in pharmaceuticals, the development of trifluoromethyl-embedded, intricately structured alkyl amine scaffolds for medicinal research remains a significant challenge. Herein, we present a metallaphotoredox multicomponent amination strategy employing 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, nitroarenes, tertiary alkylamines, and carboxylic acids.

Style recommendation and simulation for handmade artworks using generative adversarial networks.

Today, artificial intelligence (AI) is used in the design and production of artworks as a powerful tool that helps artists and designers to create more creative and attractive artworks. AI as a new tool has created new opportunities to create and improve artworks. Therefore, in this study, a new model for recommending and simulating the style of handmade artworks using generative adversarial networks (GANs) is presented.

Separation, purification, structure characterization, and immune activity of a polysaccharide from Alocasia cucullata obtained by freeze-thaw treatment.

In this study, ACP-1, a water-soluble polysaccharide was isolated from the roots of Alocasia cucullata (AC) using freeze-thaw treatment (FTT). Structural characterization revealed ACP-1 (2.10×10 Da) to be a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide primarily consisting of glucose, galactose, and arabinose, and a trace of fucose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid.

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells combined with autologous platelet-rich plasma for lower extremity venous ulcers: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Nonhealing ulcers are difficult to manage because they deviate from the normal wound healing process. Conventional therapy cannot achieve satisfactory therapeutic effects. To verify the effectiveness of combined treatment with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for nonhealing ulcers, we studied a patient with left lower limb venous ulcer (LEVU) treated with combined injection therapy.

Associations between the incidence of Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy and menopausal hormone therapy use and exposure to endogenous estrogen.

Objectives: End-stage Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy is a leading cause of corneal blindness, with a higher prevalence in females than in males. Few modifiable risk factors have been identified. We examined associations between menopausal hormone therapy use (never/past/current), duration of hormone therapy use, estimated lifetime exposure to endogenous estrogen, and serum estradiol with incident Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy in a cohort of postmenopausal women.

Application of time series and multivariate statistical models for water quality assessment and pollution source apportionment in an Urban River, New Jersey, USA.

Water quality monitoring reveals changing trends in the environmental condition of aquatic systems, elucidates the prevailing factors impacting a water body, and facilitates science-backed policymaking. A 2020 hiatus in water quality data tracking in the Lower Passaic River (LPR), New Jersey, has created a 5-year information gap. To gain insight into the LPR water quality status during this lag period and ahead, water quality indices computed with 16-year historical data available for 12 physical, chemical, nutrient, and microbiological parameters were used to predict water quality between 2020 and 2025 using seasonal autoregressive moving average (ARIMA) models.

Kidney Function and Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence from Observational Studies and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

Unlabelled: Observational studies have identified that declined kidney function was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the causation of such associations requires further exploration. Here, we compared the observational associations of various kidney function measurements with CVD and its major subtypes and further assessed the potential causality using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses with individual-level data of 306,246 participants from the UK Biobank and genome-wide association study summary-level data from FinnGen consortium, Coronary ARtery DIsease Genome wide Replication and Meta-analysis plus The Coronary Artery Disease Genetics (CARDIoGRAMplusC4D) consortium, and MEGASTROKE Consortium, respectively.

Activated PARP1/FAK/COL5A1 signaling facilitates the tumorigenesis of cholesterol-resistant ovarian cancer cells through promoting EMT.

Cancer cells require plentiful cholesterol for membrane biogenesis and other functional needs due to fast proliferating, leading to the interaction of cholesterol or its metabolites with cancer-related pathways. However, the impact of long-lasting high cholesterol concentrations on tumorigenesis and its underlying mechanisms remains largely unexplored. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to establish a cholesterol-resistant ovarian cancer cells, whose intracellular total cholesterol level up to 6-8 mmol/L.

Association between serum transferrin saturation levels and heart failure in adults aged ≥40 years: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES (2017-2020.03).

Background: Limited data are available regarding the association between serum transferrin saturation (TSAT) levels and heart failure (HF).

Methods: We utilized data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017- 2020.03 for analysis.

Exposure to acute ambient temperature extremes and neonatal intensive care unit admissions: A case-crossover study.

Background: Extreme in utero temperatures have been associated with adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth and low birthweight. However, there is limited evidence on associations with neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, which reflect a range of poor neonatal health outcomes.

Methods: This case-crossover study assesses the associations between ambient temperature changes during the week of delivery and risk of NICU admission.

Association between long-term exposure to PM chemical components and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and older adults.

Background: Previous studies indicated that exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) could increase the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the specific impact of PM chemical components remains uncertain.

Methods: A national cross-sectional study of 12,846 Chinese middle-aged and older adults was conducted.

Similarity recognition approach to identify zero-added MSG soy sauce using stable isotopes and amino acid profiles.

Seasonings such as naturally fermented soy sauce without added monosodium glutamate (MSG), are currently a growth market in China. However, fraudulent and mislabeled zero-added MSG soy sauce may cause a risk of excessive MSG intake, increasing food safety issues for consumers. This study investigates stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and 16 amino acids in typical Chinese in-market soy sauces and uses a similarity method to establish criteria to authenticate MSG addition claims.