Four new flavonoids from and their antibacterial activities.

Three new flavanones sophoflavanone C (), sophoflavanone D (), sophoflavanone E (), and one new flavanonol, sophoflavanone F (), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the root bark of . The structures of these compounds were identified by UV spectroscopy, high-resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and comparison with previous reports. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of compounds - against eight bacterial strains, including four Gram-positive bacterial strains and four Gram-negative bacterial strains, was determined using the micro broth dilution method.

Identification of diterpenoids from Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib and their antitumor activities.

Four new diterpenoid tropolones, salvirrddones A-D (1-4), and four new icetexanes, salvirrddices A-D (9-12), along with thirteen new 11,12-seco-norabietane diterpenoids, salvirrddnor A-M (14-24, 31, 32) and sixteen known compounds (5-8, 13, 25-30, 33-37), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, quantum chemical calculations, and X-ray crystallography.

Salvirrane A-F, six undescribed nordrimane sesquiterpene derivatives from Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib and their cytotoxic activities.

Six undescribed nordrimane sesquiterpene derivatives, salvirrane A-F (1-6), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. Comprehensive spectral analysis and a quantum chemical calculation strategy were employed to determine their structures.

Two new sesquiterpenoids with glycosides from the leaves and stems of (Turcz.) Baill.

Two previously undescribed glycosidic bisnorsesquiterpenoids A - B (-), together with two known compounds (-), were isolated from the leaves and stems of . Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS). The anti-inflammatory activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of compounds - were tested.

(±)-Salvicatone A: A Pair of C-Meroterpenoid Enantiomers with Skeletons from the Roots and Rhizomes of Diels f. Stib.

(±)-Salvicatone A (), a C-meroterpenoid featuring a unique 6/6/6/6/6-pentacyclic carbon skeleton with a 7,8,8a,9,10,10a-hexahydropyren-1 ()-one motif, was isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Diels Stib. Its structure was characterized by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses along with computer-assisted structure elucidation, including ACD/structure elucidator and quantum chemical calculations with H/C NMR and electronic circular dichroism. Biogenetically, compound was constructed from decarboxylation following [4 + 2] Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction between caffeic acid and miltirone analogue.

An integrated network pharmacology approach reveals that Darutigenol reduces inflammation and cartilage degradation in a mouse collagen-induced arthritis model by inhibiting the JAK-STAT3 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Darutigenol (DL) is a natural active product derived from the Chinese herbal medicine Sigesbeckia glabrescens (Makino) Makino. It is administered as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to dispel rheumatism, benefit the joints, and detoxify. However, its potential mechanism in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown.

Antiproliferative -abietane diterpenoids from .

Euphorfinoids M and N ( and ), two previously undescribed -abietane diterpenoids, together with seven known analogues (-), were isolated from the roots of wild . Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including extensive NMR, HR-ESIMS, ECD, and comparison with structurally related known analogues. Bioassays against proliferative effects of HeLa cell line showed that compound was the most active with IC 3.

Diterpenoids from Sigesbeckia glabrescens with anti-inflammatory and AChE inhibitory activities.

Fourteen previously undescribed diterpenoids, including seven ent-pimarane-type diterpenoids and seven phytane-type diterpenes, together with five known ones, were isolated from the aerial parts of Sigesbeckia glabrescens. The structures and absolute configurations of undescribed compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic techniques, ECD calculations, Mo(OAC)-induced ECD, Rh(OCOCF)-induced ECD, calculated C NMR, and chemical methods. In the anti-inflammatory bioassay, siegetalis H showed potent inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.

Five previously undescribed compounds from Maxim. and their activities.

A new biflavone (philonotisflavone-3'''-methyl ether), three diterpenes (lupulin G, lupulin H, lupulin I), a new ecdysteroid (ajugasterone E), and four known compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Maxim. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis, including MS, NMR and ECD spectral data. Compounds - has DPPH radical scavenging ability, and compound has stronger activity than vitamin C.

Euphorfiatnoids A-I: Diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana with cytotoxic effects.

Nine previously undescribed diterpenoids, euphorfiatnoids A-I, together with seven known diterpenoids, were isolated from the roots of wild Euphorbia fischeriana. Their structures were elucidated by the interpretation of HRESIMS, UV, and NMR data. Their configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy analysis and the structure of euphorfiatnoid A was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

Molecular cloning and characterization of three phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes from Schisandra chinensis.

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), which catalyzes the conversion from L-phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid, is a well-known key enzyme and a connecting step between primary and secondary metabolisms in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway of plants and microbes. Schisandra chinensis, a woody vine plant belonging to the family of Magnoliaceae, is a rich source of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans exhibiting potent activity. However, the functional role of PAL in the biosynthesis of lignan is relatively limited, compared with those in lignin and flavonoids biosynthesis.

New Lanostane-Type Triterpenes with Anti-Inflammatory Activity from the Epidermis of .

A chemical study on the epidermis of cultivated edible mushroom resulted in the isolation and identification of 46 lanostane triterpenoids, containing 17 new compounds (-). An experimental determination of their anti-inflammatory activity showed that poricoic acid GM () most strongly inhibited NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 murine macrophages with an IC value at 9.

[A new norsesquiterpenoid from Schisandra chinensis].

This study investigated the chemical components from the leaves and stems of Schisandra chinensis. Three norsesquiterpenoids were isolated from S. chinensis by various column chromatographies(silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and MCI), reversed-phase medium-pressure preparative, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).

Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside Improves Ovarian Reserve in Aging Mouse by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress.

Ovarian reserve is a key factor in the reproductive function of the ovaries. Ovarian aging is characterized by a gradual decline in the quantity and quality of follicles. The underlying mechanism of ovarian aging is complex and age-related oxidative stress is considered one of the most likely factors.

Four sesquiterpenoids from the vegetable raw material (Turcz.) Baill.: leaves and stems.

Four sesquiterpenoids A-D (-) were isolated from the ethanol extracts of the leaves and stems from . Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by a combination of NMR, MS and ECD. Compounds - (10 μM) exhibited moderate hepatoprotective activities against APAP-induced LO2 cell damage with increasing cell viability by 18%, 17%, 16%, and 19% compared to the model group (bicyclol, 26%) at 10 μM, respectively.

Euphorfinoids A and B, a pair of -atisane diterpenoid epimers from the roots of and their bioactivities.

Euphorfinoids A and B ( and ), a pair of -atisane diterpenoid epimers with a vicinal 2,3-diol moiety, together with four known analogues (), were isolated from the roots of wild . Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including extensive NMR, HR-ESIMS, NMR calculations, X-ray diffraction, and comparison with structurally related known analogues. Our bioassays have established that compound displayed moderate anti-proliferative effects on Hcc1806 cell line with IC 15.

Euphorfistrines A-G, cytotoxic and AChE inhibiting triterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana.

Seven new triterpenoids including two cycloartanes (1-2), a lanostane (3), a tirucallane (4), a dammarane (5), an ursane (6), and an oleanane (7), along with nineteen known triterpenoids (8-26), have been obtained from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana. Their structures were established by NMR, HRESIMS, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, Mosher's method, NMR calculations, ECD analysis, and comparison with structurally related known analogues. Among them, compounds 1 and 8 were a pair of cycloartane-type triterpenoids epimers.

Network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation to explore the mechanism of Hanchuan Zupa Granule in asthma.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hanchuan Zupa Granule (HCZP) is a classic prescription of Uyghur medicine, that is used for cough and abnormal mucinous asthma caused by a cold and "Nai-Zi-Lai".

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to explore the possible molecular mechanism of HCZP in the treatment of asthma, using a network pharmacology method and in vivo experiments.

Materials And Methods: First, we conducted qualitative analysis of the chemical composition of HCZP as a basis for network pharmacology analysis.

Competitive CatSper Activators of Progesterone from Rhynchosia volubilis.

The root was widely used for contraception in folk medicine, although its molecular mechanism on antifertility has not yet been revealed. In human sperm, it was reported that the cation channel of sperm, an indispensable cation channel for the fertilization process, could be regulated by various steroid-like compounds in plants. Interestingly, these nonphysiological ligands would also disturb the activation of the cation channel of sperm induced by progesterone.

Euphorfinoids E-L: Diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.

Eight undescribed diterpenoids, euphorfinoids E-L, together with twelve known analogues, were isolated from the roots of wild Euphorbia fischeriana. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by a combination of NMR, MS, ECD, and X-ray diffraction analyses. The plausible biosynthetic pathway of 1 was also proposed.

A novel -pimarane-type diterpenoid from with anti-inflammatory activity.

A novel -pimarane-type diterpenoid, sigesbeckia J (), along with two known diterpenoids, siegesbeckia acid () and -18-acetoxy-16,17-dihydroxykauran-19-oic acid (), were isolated from the aerial parts of Makino. Their chemical structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic interpretation. The absolute configuration of -pimarane-type diterpenoid () was determined by comparing experimental and calculated ECD spectra.

Sophoranone A and B: two new cytotoxic prenylated metabolites and their analogs from the root bark of .

Ait. has been utilized as an anticarcinogen, antibacterial and insecticide. Two new prenylflavonoids, Sophoflavonoid A () and Sophoflavonoid B (), together with four known analogues were isolated from the root bark of .

Sigesbeckia K and L, two new diterpenoids from with anti-inflammatory activity.

A chemical investigation of Makino identified four compounds. On the basis of spectroscopic data, they were determined to be -pimarane-type diterpenoids and their analogues, among which were two previously undescribed compounds, Sigesbeckia K () and Sigesbeckia L (). The anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds were evaluated by testing their inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in BV2 microglial cells, which revealed potential inhibitory effects with IC value at 62.