Positive PPD Test and TB-Ab Misdiagnosed as Tuberculosis Finally Proved as Sarcoidosis by Thoracoscopy: a Case Report.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infectious disease in developing countries. Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis are difficult to differentiate. We report a case of a patient who was initially misdiagnosed as tuberculosis due to positive tuberculin test (PPD test) and tuberculosis antibody (TB-Ab), which was eventually proven as sarcoidosis by thoracoscopy.

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection in AECOPD Combined with Pulmonary Embolism: a Case Report.

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis belongs to the group of mycobacteria, most of which can cause a delayed hypersensitivity reaction in the body and is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection often presents with symptoms of tuberculosis toxicity and rarely with respiratory distress. At the same time, chest imaging often shows an ill-defined solid shadow in the apical and posterior segments of the upper lobe and, less frequently, in the dorsal segment of the lower lobe, and less frequently a diffuse nodular shadow.

Organizing Pneumonia Secondary to Infection with Coxiella Burnetii: a Case Report.

Background: Organizing pneumonia is a non-specific inflammatory response to various types of damage to the lungs. It is usually considered bacterial pneumonia that has not been absorbed for more than 4 weeks, accompanied by granulomas and fibrosis. Lung lesions in patients with organizing pneumonia are usually irreversible and the prognosis is relatively poor.

T-SPOT.TB Negative and Diagnosed as Interstitial Pulmonary Tuberculosis by NGS: a Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Tuberculosis is an airborne infectious disease with multiple morphologic changes on chest imaging. Tuberculosis-specific enzyme-linked immunospot assay (T-SPOT.TB) is widely used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.

D-Dimer and Procalcitonin Improve the Sensitivity of BAP-65 Score in Predicting AECOPD Patients Admission to ICU.

Background: The study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the BAP-65 score combined with D-dimer and procalcitonin (PCT) in predicting admission of acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study. We analyzed data from 369 patients over the age of 40 years ad-mitted to our hospital with AECOPD.

Rare Co-Infection of the Lungs with EBV and Pneumocystis Carinii in a Patient with Kidney Cancer: a Case Report.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the primary agent of infectious mononucleosis, lymphoma, and naso-pharyngeal carcinoma, but rarely involves the lungs. Pneumocystis carinii is commonly found in patients with HIV infection and is not pathogenic when the host is healthy, but opportunistic infections can occur when the body is immunocompromised, causing pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). It is rare for both diseases to occur in the lungs of the same patient.

Procalcitonin (PCT) Improves the Accuracy and Sensitivity of CURB-65 Score in Predicting CAP Patients Admission to ICU.

Background: The CURB-65 scoring system is a simple tool for assessment and prognosis prediction for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients. However, the variations in the performance of CURB-65 in young and elderly patients, underestimation, or overestimation of the severity have often been reported. It is worth noting that the application of biomarkers is helpful for improving the accuracy of the scoring system.

Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria with Enlarged Mediastinal Lymph Node by Next Generation Sequencing: Case Report.

Background: A young patient characterized by rapid enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes was diagnosed as non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).

Methods: Laboratory examination, Chest CT scan, electronic bronchoscopy, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) were performed to diagnose non-tuberculous mycobacterium pulmonary disease.

Results: Detection of bird-intracellular mycobacterium complex in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by NGS.

Initial Elevated Myocardial Enzymes were Neglected in Lung Adenocarcinoma ICIS Associated Myocarditis: a Case Report.

Background: In recent years, immunotherapy has gradually become the first or second-line drug for non-small cell lung cancer. However, the side effects associated with immunotherapy should not be underestimated. Toxic reactions are commonly seen in the skin, endocrine, and liver, and rarely in the heart and nerves.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen Elevation in Broncholithiasis Patients Initially Misdiagnosed as Lung Cancer: a Case Report.

Background: We report a case of broncholithiasis with recurrent pulmonary infection accompanied by blood in the sputum, which was initially misdiagnosed as lung cancer after laboratory examination indicating elevated carcinoembryonic antigen.

Methods: Laboratory examination, enhanced chest CT scan, electronic bronchoscopy, and ultra-thin bronchoscopy were performed to diagnose broncholithiasis.

Results: Carcinoembryonic antigen levels were elevated.

A New Prediction Model for Prolonged Hospitalization in Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Patients.

Background: As a serious and common out-of-hospital infectious disease, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) ranks among the leading causes of death in both developing and developed countries. In recent years, the increasing incidence of CAP has led to an increase in the number of hospitalizations. Although CURB-65 (or CRB-65) and pneumonia severity Index (PSI) scoring systems are widely used in CAP prognostic scoring systems, each score had some limitations in predicting whether patients with CAP would require prolonged hospitalization.

A Predictive Model Based on Blood Indicators for Admission to the ICU with AECOPD.

Background: AECOPD is the most common cause of death among infectious diseases in developing countries, and also an important cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. In recent years, related scoring systems such as the mMRC score and CAT questionnaire have been widely used to assess the severity of AECOPD. However, they both have some shortcomings in predicting the admission of AECOPD patients to the ICU.

Hydrophobic Two-Dimensional MoS Nanosheets Embedded in a Polyether Copolymer Block Amide (PEBA) Membrane for Recovering Pyridine from a Dilute Solution.

A two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheet, as a new type of inorganic material with high hydrophobicity and excellent physicochemical stability, holds great application potential in the preparation of a high separation performance organic-inorganic hybrid membrane. In this work, high hydrophobic MoS was embedded in hydrophobic polyether copolymer block amide (PEBA) to prepare PEBA/MoS organic-inorganic hybrid membranes. The structure, morphology, and hydrophobicity of the hybrid membrane were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, contact angle goniometry, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy analysis, and atomic force microscopy.

Beta-blocker use and risk of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias: a hospital-based case-control study.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias in relation to β-blockers use.

Methods: A hospital-based case-control study [228 patients: 108 with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias (cases) and 120 controls] was conducted in Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Malaysia between January 2011 and January 2014.

Results: The mean age was 61.

[Effect of methyl viologen on the Ca(2+)-ATPase activities of membrane vesicles in roots of rice seedlings].

The cold tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings could be markedly improved by mild oxidative pretreatment (10 mumol/L methyl viologen (MV). The enhancement of chilling resistance induced by MV pretreatment could be inhibited by Ca(2+)-chelate ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether) N,N-tetraacetic acid (EGTA, 10 mmol/L) and the calmodulin inhibitor chlorpromazine (CPZ, 0.