Annexin A5 derived from lung alleviates brain damage after ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. It is now accepted that brain interacts bidirectionally with other organs after brain diseases. However, factors that might mediate crosstalk between brain and other organs are still less reported.

Association of synuclein alpha () gene polymorphisms with spontaneous brain activity in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: The synuclein alpha () gene responsible for encoding alpha-synuclein, is believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the specific impact of gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on brain function in PD remains unclear. Therefore, this cross-sectional retrospective study, particularly through use of imaging analysis, aimed to characterize the relationship between gene SNPs and spontaneous brain activity in PD in order to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying PD pathogenesis.

Two C-terminal isoforms of Aplysia tachykinin-related peptide receptors exhibit phosphorylation-dependent and phosphorylation-independent desensitization mechanisms.

Diversity, a hallmark of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, partly stems from alternative splicing of a single gene generating more than one isoform for a receptor. Additionally, receptor responses to ligands can be attenuated by desensitization upon prolonged or repeated ligand exposure. Both phenomena have been demonstrated and exemplified by the deuterostome tachykinin signaling system, although the role of phosphorylation in desensitization remains a subject of debate.

Multiple changes in connectivity between buccal ganglia mechanoafferents and motor neurons with different functions after learning that food is inedible in .

Changes caused by learning that a food is inedible in were examined for fast and slow synaptic connections from the buccal ganglia S1 cluster of mechanoafferents to five followers, in response to repeated stimulus trains. Learning affected only fast connections. For these, unique patterns of change were present in each follower, indicating that learning differentially affects the different branches of the mechanoafferents to their followers.

Repeated stimulation of feeding mechanoafferents in generates responses consistent with the release of food.

How does repeated stimulation of mechanoafferents affect feeding motor neurons? Monosynaptic connections from a mechanoafferent population in the buccal ganglia to five motor followers with different functions were examined during repeated stimulus trains. The mechanoafferents produced both fast and slow synaptic outputs, which could be excitatory or inhibitory. In contrast, other mechanoafferents produce only fast excitation on their followers.

The Relevance, Predictability, and Utility of Annexin A5 for Human Physiopathology.

As an important functional protein molecule in the human body, human annexin A5 (hAnxA5) is widely found in human cells and body fluids. hAnxA5, the smallest type of annexin, performs a variety of biological functions by reversibly and specifically binding phosphatidylserine (PS) in a calcium-dependent manner and plays an important role in many human physiological and pathological processes. The free state hAnxA5 exists in the form of monomers and usually forms a polymer in a specific self-assembly manner when exerting biological activity.

Nomo1 deficiency causes autism-like behavior in zebrafish.

Patients with neuropsychiatric disorders often exhibit a combination of clinical symptoms such as autism, epilepsy, or schizophrenia, complicating diagnosis and development of therapeutic strategies. Functional studies of novel genes associated with co-morbidities can provide clues to understand the pathogenic mechanisms and interventions. NOMO1 is one of the candidate genes located at 16p13.

Identification and Functional Study of Enhancers of EYA1: The Causative Gene of Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome.

Introduction: Branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR syndrome) is a rare genetic disorder with an incidence of 1 in 40,000, affecting the development of multiple organs, including the branchio, ear, and kidney. It is responsible for 2% of childhood deafness. Currently, variants in the coding regions of the main causative genes, such as EYA1, SIX1, and SIX5, explain only half of the disease's etiology.

An in vitro analog of learning that food is inedible in : decreased responses to a transmitter signaling food after pairing with transmitters signaling failed swallowing.

An in vitro analog of learning that a food is inedible provided insight into mechanisms underlying the learning. learn to stop responding to a food when they attempt but fail to swallow it. Pairing a cholinergic agonist with an NO donor or histamine in the cerebral ganglion produced significant decreases in fictive feeding in response to the cholinergic agonist alone.

Variable task switching in the feeding network of is a function of differential command input.

Command systems integrate sensory information and then activate the interneurons and motor neurons that mediate behavior. Much research has established that the higher-order projection neurons that constitute these systems can play a key role in specifying the nature of the motor activity induced, or determining its parametric features. To a large extent, these insights have been obtained by contrasting activity induced by stimulating one neuron (or set of neurons) to activity induced by stimulating a different neuron (or set of neurons).

Persistent modulatory actions and task switching in the feeding network of Aplysia.

The activity of multifunctional networks is configured by neuromodulators that exert persistent effects. This raises a question, does this impact the ability of a network to switch from one type of activity to another? We review studies that have addressed this question in the Aplysia feeding circuit. Task switching in this system occurs "asymmetrically.

Design, Synthesis and Anti-Melanoma Activity of Novel Annexin V Derivative with β-Integrin Affinity.

Tumor tissues often exhibit unique integrin receptor presentation during development, such as high exposures of αβ and αβ integrins. These features are not present in normal tissues. The induction of selective thrombosis and infarction in the tumor-feeding vessels, as well as specific antagonism of αβ integrin on the surface of tumor endothelial cells, is a potential novel antitumor strategy.

Molecular Characterization of Two Wamide Neuropeptide Signaling Systems in Mollusk .

Neuropeptides with the C-terminal Wamide (Trp-NH) are one of the last common ancestors of peptide families of eumetazoans and play various physiological roles. In this study, we sought to characterize the ancient Wamide peptides signaling systems in the marine mollusk , i.e.

Identification of three elevenin receptors and roles of elevenin disulfide bond and residues in receptor activation in Aplysia californica.

Neuropeptides are ubiquitous intercellular signaling molecules in the CNS and play diverse roles in modulating physiological functions by acting on specific G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Among them, the elevenin signaling system is now believed to be present primarily in protostomes. Although elevenin was first identified from the L11 neuron of the abdominal ganglion in mollusc Aplysia californica, no receptors have been described in Aplysia, nor in any other molluscs.

The SMARCA4 mutation facilitates chromatin remodeling and confers PRMT1/SMARCA4 inhibitors sensitivity in colorectal cancer.

Genomic studies have demonstrated a high frequency of genetic alterations in components of the SWI/SNF complex including the core subunit SMARCA4. However, the mechanisms of tumorigenesis driven by SMARCA4 mutations, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC), remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified a specific, hotspot mutation in SMARCA4 (c.

Integrin Targeting Enhances the Antimelanoma Effect of Annexin V in Mice.

Malignant melanoma, an increasingly common form of skin cancer, is a major threat to public health, especially when the disease progresses past skin lesions to the stage of advanced metastasis. Targeted drug development is an effective strategy for the treatment of malignant melanoma. In this work, a new antimelanoma tumor peptide, the lebestatin-annexin V (designated LbtA5) fusion protein, was developed and synthesized by recombinant DNA techniques.

Electronic structure evolution induced by the charge redistribution during the construction of two-dimensional polymer networks from monomers to crystal frameworks.

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a new type of porous crystalline material constructed by the linkage of organic building units through covalent bonds to produce predetermined structures. Here, the electronic structure evolution induced by the charge redistribution during the construction of two-dimensional polymer networks (spc-COF-2 and COF-66) from building units to crystal frameworks is examined theoretically. The calculated results demonstrate that the electronic structure of the framework is controlled by the relative energy level between the frontier orbitals of organic building core and linker units as well as the charge transfer amount between them during the construction of the framework.

Single-walled carbon nanohorns-based smart nanotheranostic: From phototherapy to enzyme-activated fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy.

Phototheranostics, a local non-invasive approach that integrates light-based diagnostics and therapeutics, enables precise treatment using nanotheranostic agents with minimal damage to normal tissues. However, ensuring high-efficiency ablation of cancer cells using phototheranostics for one time irradiation is highly challenging. Herein, we designed and synthesized a single-walled carbon nanohorns-based nanotheranostic agent, HA-IR808-SWNHs, by loading IR808, a photosensitizer, conjugated hyaluronic acid (HA) with an amide bond on the surface of single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) through noncovalent π-π interaction by the sonication method.

Safety study of Folfox-HAIC in relieving bed restriction.

Objective: To investigate the safety of relieving bed restriction in hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and its effects on patient comfort.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted. Patients with malignant liver tumors, who met the enrollment criteria, were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.

Convergent effects of neuropeptides on the feeding central pattern generator of .

These experiments focus on an interneuron (B63) that is part of the feeding central pattern generator (CPG) in . Previous work has established that B63 is critical for program initiation regardless of the type of evoked activity. B63 receives input from a number of different elements of the feeding circuit.