Ultrasound-assisted low-temperature extraction of polysaccharides from Lavandula angustifolia Mill.: optimization, structure characterization, and anti-inflammatory activity.

Lavandula angustifolia Mill. is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with high economic and pharmacological value. In this study, we optimized the conditions for low-temperature ultrasound-assisted extraction of L.

Quantification of orelabrutinib in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

A sensitive and simple method was developed to determine orelabrutinib in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The samples were prepared by simple protein precipitation with by 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution and efficient separations were performed on the Thermo Hypersll GOLD C18 column (2.

Rapid Determination of 9 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Human Plasma by QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS.

A reliable and rapid method employing QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) pretreatment coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was successfully developed and validated for the analysis of nine tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in human plasma. Biological samples were extracted with acetonitrile and salted out with 350 mg of anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO), followed by purification with 40 mg of ethyl enediamine-N-propylsilane (PSA) adsorbents. All analytes and internal standards (IS) were separated on the Hypersil GOLD VANQUISH C18 (2.

Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia Through NMDA Receptors: Metabotropic Signaling and Future Directions.

Excessive activation of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors after cerebral ischemia is a key cause of ischemic injury. For a long time, it was generally accepted that calcium influx is a necessary condition for ischemic injury mediated by NMDA receptors. However, recent studies have shown that NMDA receptor signaling, independent of ion flow, plays an important role in the regulation of ischemic brain injury.

Analysis of Five Mushroom Toxins in Blood by UPLC-HRMS.

Objectives: To develop a method for the simultaneous and rapid detection of five mushroom toxins (α-amanitin, phallacidin, muscimol, muscarine and psilocin) in blood by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS).

Methods: The blood samples were precipitated with acetonitrile-water solution(∶=3∶1) and PAX powder, then separated on ACQUITY Premier C column, eluted gradient. Five kinds of mushroom toxins were monitored by FullMS-ddMS/positive ion scanning mode, and qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted according to the accurate mass numbers of primary and secondary fragment ions.

Progresses in GluN2A-containing NMDA Receptors and their Selective Regulators.

NMDA receptors play an important physiological role in regulating synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. GluN2A subunits are the most abundant functional subunits of NMDA receptors expressed in mature brain, and their dysfunction is related to various neurological diseases. According to subunit composition, GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors can be divided into two types: diheteromeric and triheteromeric receptors.

Therapeutic time windows of compounds against NMDA receptors signaling pathways for ischemic stroke.

Much evidence has proved that excitotoxicity induced by excessive release of glutamate contributes largely to damage caused by ischemia. In view of the key role played by NMDA receptors in mediating excitotoxicity, compounds against NMDA receptors signaling pathways have become the most promising type of anti-stroke candidate compounds. However, the limited therapeutic time window for neuroprotection is a key factor preventing NMDA receptor-related compounds from showing efficacy in all clinical trials for ischemic stroke.

Schizophrenia‑associated microRNA‑148b‑3p regulates COMT and PRSS16 expression by targeting the ZNF804A gene in human neuroblastoma cells.

Zinc finger protein 804A (ZNF804A) has been identified by genome‑wide association studies as a robust risk gene in schizophrenia, but how ZNF804A contributes to schizophrenia and its upstream regulation remains unknown. Previous studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRs) are key factors that regulate the expression levels of their target genes. The present study revealed significantly increased expression of miR‑148b‑3p in the peripheral blood of patients with first‑onset schizophrenia compared with healthy controls, and bioinformatics analysis predicted that the ZNF804A gene is a target of miR‑148b‑3p.

[Research on quality standards of Aleuritopteris Herba].

This study aims to establish quality standards of Aleuritopteris Herba (AH), which could supply scientific evidence for the quality control of AH. The morphological and microscopic identification characters were reformulated. The tests of water content, total ash, acid-insoluble ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of AH were carried out according to the methods recorded in appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition, volume 1).

Determination of six polyether antibiotic residues in foods of animal origin by solid phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A new method using solid phase extraction (SPE) combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been developed for the determination of six polyether antibiotics, including lasalocid, salinomycin, monensin, narasin, madubamycin and nigericin residues, in foods of animal origin. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and purified by ENVI-Carb SPE columns after comparing the impurity effect and maneuverability of several SPE cartridges. Subsequently, the analytes were separated on a Hypersil Gold column (2.

[The optical characteristics of hollow cathode discharge striations in nitrogen].

The characteristics of striations in cylindrical hollow cathode discharge were investigated experimentally. The spectra of striations were measured at a pressure of 20 Pa in a discharge of 1.3 mA, in which the main spectra are the emission spectrum lines of the N2 first positive band (B3pi(g)-->A3pi(u)) and second positive band system (C3pi(u)-->B3pi(g)).

Methyl 2-[2-(benzyl-oxycarbon-ylamino)-propan-2-yl]-5-hy-droxy-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-4-carboxyl-ate.

The title pyrimidine derivative, C(18)H(21)N(3)O(6), was obtained by the reaction of methyl 2-[2-(benzyl-oxycarbon-yl)amino-propan-2-yl]-5-hy-droxy-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-4-carboxyl-ate with dimethyl sulfate in dimethyl sulfoxide. The mol-ecule has a V-shaped structure, the phenyl and the pyrimidine rings making a dihedral angle of 43.1 (1)°.

Methyl 2-(2-{[(benz-yloxy)carbon-yl]amino}-propan-2-yl)-5-hy-droxy-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-4-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(17)H(19)N(3)O(6), the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 45.9 (1)°. The crystal structure is stabilized through inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are also present.

[Blackbody radiation of cavitation luminescence from glycerin].

An improved conical bubble sonoluminescence U-tube was built. Using this setup, the spectra and light pulses of conical bubble luminescence in glycerin were detected. Results show that the spectra are continuum, which are well fitted by blackbody radiation.

[The light pulses and spectra of straight tube conical bubble sonoluminescence in glycol].

Based on the U-tube, a new type of sonoluminescence apparatus-conical bubble sonoluminescence straight tube apparatus was set up, and the structures and operations were described detailedly. Using the apparatus, the ultrabright cavitation luminescence was obtained in glycol solution. The light pulses of conical bubble sonoluminescence were detected, results show the half width is about 80 micros that is much longer than the results by ultrasound, which should be caused by the fact that the conical bubble can obtain more energy from the flow than the bubbles from the ultrasound.

[Effect of nebulizer gas pressure on the emission intensity of ICP].

In an attempt to inhance the emission intensity of ICP, a conventional concentric pneumatic nebulizer was used with increased pressure, and the aqueous aerosol was partially let out to modulate the flow velocity of sample solution into the flame of the ICP. In the present work, the emission spectra of elements Ca, Si, Sr and Zn in water samples were measured, and the results showed that corresponding emission intensities are the highest at 0.05 MPa under the conventional condition, and after increasing the nebulizer gas pressure to 0.

[Effect of the temperature of solution on the emission intensity of ICP].

The effect of solution temperature (20, 40 and 60 degrees C) on the emission intensity of ICP has been studied. The results show that the spectrum intensity of the elements Ba, Cu and Zn increases obviously with increasing the solution temperature. In addition, at different solution temperatures, the rule of the variation of the intensity with both observation height and nebulizer gas pressure has been obtained, which indicates that the best observation location is lowered when increasing the temperature, but the best nebulizer gas pressure is augmented.

[Determination of chromium(III) and chromium(VI) in water using flow injection on-line preconcentration and separation with flame absorption spectrometric detection].

A rapid and sensitive method for the sequential determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in water samples based on flow injection on-line preconcentration and separation with two-microcolumn system-flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been developed. The Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in water samples were respectively retained in a microcolum with cation exchange resin and in a microcolumn with anion exchange resin and were eluted directly by 15% HNO3 and 8% NH4NO3, respectively. The characteristic concentrations (pre-concentration time of 1 min) for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were 1.

Determination of chromium(III) and total chromium in water by derivative atomic absorption spectrometry using flow injection on-line preconcentration with a double microcolumn.

A rapid and sensitive method has been proposed for the sequential determination of chromium(III) and total chromium in water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry combined with a flow injection on-line preconcentration on a double-microcolumn. The chromium(III) and total chromium in samples were retained on a double-microcolumn with a cation exchange resin, respectively, and eluted directly into a nebulizer by 3 mol L(-1) HNO3. The characteristic concentration (gives a derivative absorbance of 0.

Hydride generation for the direct determination of trace and ultra-trace level of arsenic and antimony in waters using derivative atomic absorption spectrometry.

A new method is developed for the direct determination of trace and ultra-trace level of arsenic and antimony in waters by hydride generation derivative atomic absorption spectrometry (DHGAAS). The signal model and fundamentals of DHGAAS are described. The effects of atomization temperature, argon flow rate, acidity and concentration of KBH(4)and KI were investigated and analytical conditions were optimized.