Exploring mechanobiology network of bone and dental tissue based on Natural Language Processing.

Bone and cartilage tissues are physiologically dynamic organs that are systematically regulated by mechanical inputs. At cellular level, mechanical stimulation engages an intricate network where mechano-sensors and transmitters cooperate to manipulate downstream signaling. Despite accumulating evidence, there is a notable underutilization of available information, due to limited integration and analysis.

Deciphering the dynamics: Exploring the impact of mechanical forces on histone acetylation.

Living cells navigate a complex landscape of mechanical cues that influence their behavior and fate, originating from both internal and external sources. At the molecular level, the translation of these physical stimuli into cellular responses relies on the intricate coordination of mechanosensors and transducers, ultimately impacting chromatin compaction and gene expression. Notably, epigenetic modifications on histone tails govern the accessibility of gene-regulatory sites, thereby regulating gene expression.

Assessing the impact of occlusal plane rotation on facial aesthetics in orthodontic treatment: a machine learning approach.

Background: Adequate occlusal plane (OP) rotation through orthodontic therapy enables satisfying profile improvements for patients who are disturbed by their maxillomandibular imbalance but reluctant to surgery. The study aims to quantify profile improvements that OP rotation could produce in orthodontic treatment and whether the efficacy differs among skeletal types via machine learning.

Materials And Methods: Cephalometric radiographs of 903 patients were marked and analyzed by trained orthodontists with assistance of Uceph, a commercial software which use artificial intelligence to perform the cephalometrics analysis.

Mapping of individual sensory nerve axons from digits to spinal cord with the transparent embedding solvent system.

Achieving uniform optical resolution for a large tissue sample is a major challenge for deep imaging. For conventional tissue clearing methods, loss of resolution and quality in deep regions is inevitable due to limited transparency. Here we describe the Transparent Embedding Solvent System (TESOS) method, which combines tissue clearing, transparent embedding, sectioning and block-face imaging.

Revealing the representative facial traits of different sagittal skeletal types: decipher what artificial intelligence can see by Grad-CAM.

Objectives: Aesthetic improvement is a significant concern in dental therapy. While orthodontic treatment primarily targets hard tissue, the impact on soft tissue and the extent of these changes remains empirical. This study aims to unveil the intricate relationship between facial soft tissue and skeletal types using artificial intelligence (AI) analysis.

A 3-D Visualization Technique for Bone Remodeling in a Suture Expansion Mouse Model.

Craniofacial sutures play a crucial role beyond being fibrous joints connecting craniofacial bones; they also serve as the primary niche for calvarial and facial bone growth, housing mesenchymal stem cells and osteoprogenitors. As most craniofacial bones develop through intramembranous ossification, the sutures' marginal regions act as initiation points. Due to this significance, these sutures have become intriguing targets in orthopedic therapies like spring-assisted cranial vault expansion, rapid maxillary expansion, and maxillary protraction.

Short-term exposure of PM and PM increases the number of outpatients with eczema in Guangzhou: A time-series study.

Background: The worldwide prevalence of eczema has continued to rise over the past decades. This has led to the emphasis on the association between air pollution and eczema. This study investigated the relationship between daily exposure to air pollution and the number of eczema outpatient visits in Guangzhou with the overarching goal of providing novel insights on the interventions for eczema aggravation and prevention.

The effect of platelet-rich concentrates on orthodontic tooth movement: A review of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: Platelet-rich concentrates, namely platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), have recently shown potential roles in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and reducing treatment duration. Our study aims to systematically evaluate the effect of platelet-rich concentrates on OTM.

Materials And Methods: An electronic search of 11 databases, followed by a hand search of reference lists of eligible studies and related reviews, was conducted up to January 2022.

The effect of AKT in extracellular matrix stiffness induced osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness is an important biophysical factor in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) differentiation. Although there is evidence that Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays an important role in ECM elasticity induced osteogenesis, but the regulatory mechanism and signaling pathways have not been distinctly uncovered. In this study, hBMSCs were cultured on collagen-coated polydimethylsiloxane hydrogels with stiffness corresponding to Young's moduli of 0.

Response of Gli1 Suture Stem Cells to Mechanical Force Upon Suture Expansion.

Normal development of craniofacial sutures is crucial for cranial and facial growth in all three dimensions. These sutures provide a unique niche for suture stem cells (SuSCs), which are indispensable for homeostasis, damage repair, as well as stress balance. Expansion appliances are now routinely used to treat underdevelopment of the skull and maxilla, stimulating the craniofacial sutures through distraction osteogenesis.

A Quartet Network Analysis Identifying Mechanically Responsive Long Noncoding RNAs in Bone Remodeling.

Mechanical force, being so ubiquitous that it is often taken for granted and overlooked, is now gaining the spotlight for reams of evidence corroborating their crucial roles in the living body. The bone, particularly, experiences manifold extraneous force like strain and compression, as well as intrinsic cues like fluid shear stress and physical properties of the microenvironment. Though sparkled in diversified background, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) concerning the mechanotransduction process that bone undergoes are not yet detailed in a systematic way.

PPARβ/δ accelerates bone regeneration in diabetic mellitus by enhancing AMPK/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy.

Background: Diabetic patients are more vulnerable to skeletal complications. Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) β/δ has a positive regulatory effect on bone turnover under physiologic glucose concentration; however, the regulatory effect in diabetes mellitus has not been investigated yet. Herein, we explored the effects of PPARβ/δ agonist on the regeneration of diabetic bone defects and the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) under a pathological high-glucose condition.

Tissue Clearing and 3-D Visualization of Vasculature with the PEGASOS Method.

Tissue clearing techniques turn tissue transparent through a series of chemical and physical treatments. They have provided a useful tool for three-dimensional (3-D) imaging to study tissue spatial organization and interactions. Many tissue clearing methods have been developed in recent years.

Non-Coding RNAs Steering the Senescence-Related Progress, Properties, and Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

The thirst to postpone and even reverse aging progress has never been quenched after all these decades. Unequivocally, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with extraordinary abilities such as self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation, deserve the limelight in this topic. Though having several affable clinical traits, MSCs going through senescence would, on one hand, contribute to age-related diseases and, on the other hand, lead to compromised or even counterproductive therapeutical outcomes.

Tandem InO-Pt/AlO catalyst for coupling of propane dehydrogenation to selective H combustion.

Tandem catalysis couples multiple reactions and promises to improve chemical processing, but precise spatiotemporal control over reactive intermediates remains elusive. We used atomic layer deposition to grow InO over Pt/AlO, and this nanostructure kinetically couples the domains through surface hydrogen atom transfer, resulting in propane dehydrogenation (PDH) to propylene by platinum, then selective hydrogen combustion by InO, without excessive hydrocarbon combustion. Other nanostructures, including platinum on InO or platinum mixed with InO, favor propane combustion because they cannot organize the reactions sequentially.

NO exposure increases eczema outpatient visits in Guangzhou, China: an indication for hospital management.

Background: Ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO) is a common air pollutant in developing countries and causes skin conditions, but its effect on eczema in subtropical areas is not clear in China.

Object: To measure the effect of short-term exposure of NO on the incidence of eczema and the change of outpatient visits.

Methods: Data of daily temperature, air pollutants, and outpatient visits from 2013 to 2018 were collected in a row.

The vital role of Gli1 mesenchymal stem cells in tissue development and homeostasis.

The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays an essential role in both tissue development and homeostasis. Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is one of the vital transcriptional factors as well as the direct target gene in the Hh signaling pathway. The cells expressing the Gli1 gene (Gli1 cells) have been identified as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are responsible for various tissue developments, homeostasis, and injury repair.

Targeted Ptpn11 deletion in mice reveals the essential role of SHP2 in osteoblast differentiation and skeletal homeostasis.

The maturation and function of osteoblasts (OBs) rely heavily on the reversible phosphorylation of signaling proteins. To date, most of the work in OBs has focused on phosphorylation by tyrosyl kinases, but little has been revealed about dephosphorylation by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases). SHP2 (encoded by PTPN11) is a ubiquitously expressed PTPase.

Gli1+ Periodontium Stem Cells Are Regulated by Osteocytes and Occlusal Force.

Teeth are attached to alveolar bone by the periodontal ligament (PDL), which contains stem cells supporting tissue turnover. Here, we identified Gli1+ cells in adult mouse molar PDL as multi-potential stem cells (PDLSCs) giving rise to PDL, alveolar bone, and cementum. They support periodontium tissue turnover and injury repair.

[Research progress on the relationship between centric relation and orthodontic treatment].

Centric relation (CR) is one of the core research contents in orthodontics, prosthodontics, and gnathology, acting as an important physiological factor in reconstructing the occlusion and adjusting the occlusal relationship. For over a century, CR is still a controversial subject in dentistry. CR has been redefined for several times, and recently, its application has been widened in orthodontics, including orthodontic diagnosis, clinical examination and analysis, and treatment goals.

Investigation of Postnatal Craniofacial Bone Development with Tissue Clearing-Based Three-Dimensional Imaging.

Traditional two-dimensional histological sections and microcomputed tomography remain to be the major tools for studying craniofacial bones despite the complicated spatial organization of craniofacial organs. Recently, our laboratory developed the Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Associated Solvent System (PEGASOS) tissue clearing method, which can efficiently render hard tissues, including bones and teeth fully transparent without losing endogenous fluorescent signals. Complete tissue transparency enables us to acquire three-dimensional (3D) images of craniofacial bone vasculature, osteogenesis utilizing various labeling strategies, thus to investigate the spatial relationship among different tissues during postnatal craniofacial development.

Author Correction: Tissue clearing of both hard and soft tissue organs with the PEGASOS method.

In the initial published version of this article, there was an error in the "MATERIALS AND METHODS" section. The catalog number of PEGMMA500 for preparing tB-PEG dehydration solution and BB-PEG clearing medium was listed as Sigma-Aldrich 409529. The correct catalog number should be Sigma-Aldrich 447943.