Derivation of the oral reference dose (RfD) for bisphenol S and bisphenol F based on epidemiological and experimental studies.

With bisphenol A (BPA) restricted, its analogs are appearing frequently in the environment, raising health concerns. However, no reasonable threshold of toxicity has been established at the current international level for BPA analogs. The aim of this study was to derive oral reference doses (RfD) for two BPA substitutes, bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF).

Anwulignan Alleviates Bone Cancer Pain by Modulating the PPARα/CXCR2 Signaling Pathway in the Rat Spinal Cord.

Aims: Advanced cancer patients frequently endure severe pain from bone metastases, and few effective treatments for bone cancer pain (BCP) exist. Although Anwulignan is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties, its effects on BCP remain unclear. This study aims to explore the analgesic effects and mechanisms of Anwulignan on bone cancer pain.

Quantum Well Superlattice Heteronanostructures for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

In this study, we construct a quantum well effect-based two-dimensional Z-scheme superlattice heteronanostructure photocatalyst constructed from hydrogen-bonded porphyrin organic frameworks (HOFs) and carbon nitride. Porphyrin HOFs extend spectral absorption, while their π-conjugation and electron density variations significantly enhance charge separation and exhibit favorable alignment with the energy levels of carbon nitride, thereby enabling efficient charge transfer. Carboxylic acid channels in the HOFs further promote the decomposition of water molecules, thereby boosting hydrogen production.

Plant-Plant Interactions Drive the Decomposition of Soil Organic Carbon via Nutrition Competition in Dryland.

Plant-plant interactions are often overlooked when assessing carbon (C) cycling in plant community. Limited research exists on how nutrient competition influences soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics via modifying rhizosphere C turnover. To address this issue, quantitative model of plant-plant interactions was established in three intercropping systems across 4 years.

pH-Activated Nanoplatform Derived from M1 Macrophages' Exosomes for Photodynamic and Ferroptosis Synergistic Therapy to Augment Cancer Immunotherapy.

Combining nanomedicine with immunotherapy offers a promising and potent cancer treatment strategy; however, improving the effectiveness of the antitumor immune response remains challenging. A "cold" tumor microenvironment (TME) is a marked factor affecting the efficacy of immunotherapy. Herein, intracellular-acidity-activatable dynamic nanoparticles (NPs) were designed for precision photodynamic immunotherapy and ferroptosis in cancer.

Bubble cloud-mediated cavitation for tumor mechanical ablation and effector immune cell deployment.

Histotripsy is a cavitation-based tumor ablation technology. To achieve precise cavitation-based ablation requires investigating the cavitation behavior of the bubble cloud and their impact on tumor tissue. This study explored the cavitation behavior of bubble clouds generated by perfluoropentane (PFP)-loaded nanodroplets and efficacy of bubble cloud cavitation in tumor ablation under varying ultrasound intensities.

Upregulation of NR2B Subunits of NMDA Receptors in the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus Contributes to Chronic Pancreatitis Pain.

Aims: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a localized or diffuse chronic progressive inflammation of the pancreas that can be caused by a variety of factors and is characterized by abdominal pain. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Increasing evidence suggests that central sensitization plays a crucial role in the development of visceral pain, but the precise mechanisms of central neural processing remain unclear.

Enhancing in-car interface efficiency: The influence of menu configuration on cognitive load and visuospatial memory.

The study examines the impacts of different menu types on touchscreen operations under varying visuospatial working memory (VSWM) loads through an in-vehicle information/infotainment system (IVIS). Using eye-tracking, EEG data, and the NASA-TLX questionnaire, it assesses the effects of menu types and VSWM loads on task performance, visual search efficiency, and mental workload. The 36 participants were divided into hierarchical and grouping menu groups, demonstrating that grouping menus exhibit better task performance and visual search efficiency.

Impact of Individualized Comfort-Based Combined Anesthesia Protocol on Elderly Patients Undergoing Outpatient Oral Procedures.

Anxiety, fear, and lack of confidence in surgical outcomes can lower the pain threshold of elderly patients. Developing individualized and comfortable anesthesia protocols is critical for optimizing outcomes in elderly patients undergoing oral procedures. This study aimed to investigate the impact of an individualized comfort anesthesia protocol on elderly patients with varying levels of dental anxiety undergoing complex tooth extraction.

Association between respiratory pathogens and severe clinical outcomes in people living with HIV-1 and pulmonary infections: A 180-day longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Many respiratory pathogens have been identified in people living with HIV-1 and pulmonary infection, but their impact on clinical outcomes remains largely unclear.

Methods: Metagenomic sequencing and traditional laboratory diagnostics were applied to identify bacterial, viral, and fungal respiratory pathogens. Clinical outcomes were assessed by (i) mortality or ICU transfer during hospitalization, and (ii) 30-day re-hospitalization and 180-day mortality after hospital discharge.

Activation of zona incerta gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic neurons alleviates depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic restraint stress.

Background: Depression is a prevalent affective disorder, but its pathophysiology remains unclear. Dysfunction in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system may contribute to its onset. Recently, antidepressants ( brexanolone, zuranolone) targeting the GABA-A receptor were introduced.

Ternary composite nanoparticles to improve the water solubility and stability of resveratrol:Preparation, characterization and bioavailability.

Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenolic compound with many physiological effects. Nevertheless, the poor water solubility, chemical stability, and bioavailability of RSV severely limit its application in functional foods. Therefore, in this study, nanoparticles composed of oleanolic acid (OA), ursolic acid (UA), and RSV were successfully designed by spontaneous co-assembly to address these issues.

Application of an enhanced recovery after surgery care protocol in patients undergoing lumbar interbody fusion surgery: a meta-analysis.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been widely used in several surgical fields. This meta-analysis compared the clinical outcomes of the ERAS protocol and standard care (SC) in patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion surgery.

Materials And Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were systematically searched to identify studies reporting the effects of the ERAS protocol on clinical outcomes in patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion surgery.

Comparison of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Combined with Metformin Versus Metformin Alone in the Management of PCOS: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis.

This study compared the efficacy and safety of glucogan-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) combined with metformin versus metformin alone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A systematic search of "PubMed", "EMBASE", "Cochrane Library", and "Web of Science", "Google Scholar" was conducted up to September 2024. Studies were included if they were RCTs investigating the combination of GLP1RAs and metformin in women diagnosed with PCOS.

FTW SERS probes with Ag NCs-GO composite structure excited by evanescent wave for in situ detection of permethrin.

Background: Permethrin is a pesticide used to kill insects, and once used in excess, it poses a great threat to the environment and human health, therefore, it is necessary to realize the rapid and accurate detection of permethrin. Fiber optic surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probes have the advantages of small volume and can be used for remote monitoring, which have great potential for application in achieving in-situ detection of pesticide residues.

Results: Fiber taper waist (FTW) SERS probes modified by silver nanocubes-graphene oxide (Ag NCs-GO) composite structures were prepared for in situ detection of permethrin in lake water.

TET1 participates in oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain by regulating microRNA-30b/Nav1.6.

Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain poses significant clinical challenges and severely impacts patient quality of life. Sodium ion channels are crucial in regulating neuronal excitability and pain. Our research indicates that the microRNA-30b (miR-30b) in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contributes to chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain by regulating the Nav1.

Development of a vegetation canopy reflectance sensor and its diurnal applicability under clear sky conditions.

The spectral reflectance provides valuable information regarding vegetation growth and plays an important role in agriculture, forestry, and grassland management. In this study, a small, portable vegetation canopy reflectance (VCR) sensor that can operate throughout the day was developed. The sensor includes two optical bands at 710 nm and 870 nm, with the light separated by filters, and has a field of view of 28°.

Development and validation of a novel artificial intelligence algorithm for precise prediction the postoperative prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, and current postoperative prognostic assessment methods remain unsatisfactory, underlining the urgent to develop a reliable approach for precision medicine. Given the similarities with gametogenesis, cancer/testis genes (CTGs) are acknowledged for regulation unrestrained multiplication and immune microenvironment during oncogenic processes. These processes are associated with advanced disease and poorer prognosis, indicating that CTGs could serve as ideal prognostic biomarkers in ESCC.

ITGAX promotes gastric cancer progression via epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway.

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for nearly 800,000 fatalities annually. ITGAX (Integrin alpha X) is closely associated with immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. Its involvement in gastric cancer was identified through an analysis of The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which highlighted as one of four key gastric cancer-related genes.

CHOP-Mediated Disruption of Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Neuronal Activity Contributes to Chronic Pain-Related Cognitive Deficits.

Objectives: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced protein homeostasis perturbation is a core pathological element in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to clarify the unique role played by C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) as a biomarker of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the etiology of chronic pain and related cognitive impairments following chronic constrictive nerve injury (CCI).

Methods: The memory capability following CCI was assessed utilizing the Morris water maze (MWM) and fear conditioning test (FCT).

Lipoprotein(a), high-sensitivity c-reactive protein, homocysteine and cardiovascular disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background And Aims: Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), and total homocysteine (tHcy) are associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. This study investigated the individual and joint associations of Lp(a), hs-CRP and tHcy with coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke.

Methods: This study was conducted in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort (2000-2017) (CHD analytic = 6,676; stroke analytic = 6,674 men and women).