Extracranial meningiomas of the head and neck.

Extracranial extraspinal meningiomas (less than 1% of all meningiomas) frequently occur in the head and neck. The radiographic findings of extracranial meningioma of the head and neck are not pathognomonic. However, the location of the tumor in the pathway of cranial nerves or adjacent to the skull base, the demonstration of a well circumscribed, solid, enhancing mass by computed tomography, and the faint tumor stain on arteriography should allow the radiologist to make a possible, although not definite, diagnosis of this rare tumor.

CT of soft-tissue structures of the neck.

Soft tissue structures of the neck include nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, thyroid, lateral pharyngeal space, and others. Computed tomography (CT) has a significant contribution to the diagnosis of the diseases of the soft tissue structures of the neck. The use of two planes, coronal and axial, in the region of the nasopharynx and oropharynx and axial plane at the level of the laryngopharynx, has added new dimensions, and soft tissue detail obtained by its use has yielded invaluable additional diagnostic information.

[Release of copper ions after insertion of VCu200 IUDs].

In order to understand the life span of VCu200 IUDs in situ, the copper-ion concentrations in the cervical mucus were assayed after insertion of VCu200 IUDs for 5 years. Copper-ion concentrations were measured at random in 30 cases each of 1, 3, 6, and 12 monthth VCu 200 IUD users and 20 cases each of 24, 36, 48, and 60 month users. At the same time, 10 cases of the inserted-ring users were similarly studied for comparison.

Sterilized metastases: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.

The usual indication of improvement in metastatic cancer is diminution of the mass. When a mass persists after treatment, it is presumed the lesion either does not respond or has stopped responding to the therapy. Two patients with brain metastases, one biopsy proven, from breast cancer and eight patients with presumed metastatic testicular cancer to the lung, liver, or retroperitoneum have been identified in whom surgery or autopsy revealed only necrosis and/or fibrosis in the persistent mass; the mass had been "sterilized.

Cranial computed tomography of breast carcinoma.

Cranial computed tomographic (CCT) manifestations of brain metastases were reviewed in 304 patients with carcinoma of the breast. Metastases were demonstrated in 103 patients; 13 had other significant abnormalities. Single lesions were found in 55 (54%) patients (cerebral hemisphere, 48; cerebellar hemisphere, 4; pineal, 1; pituitary and optic chiasm, 1; vermis, 1) and multiple metastases were found in 48 patients.

The clinical significance of lympho-venous anastomoses in malignant disease.

Pedal lymphangiography has revealed lympho-venous anastomoses (LVA) in 62 patients with malignant disease. The LVAs were caused by obstruction of lymph flow and the obstruction was secondary to surgery in 23 patients, abnormal lymph nodes in 16 and a combination of surgery and abnormal nodes in 14. In 16 patients the LVA led to portal radicals giving opacification of the liver.

Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx.

Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx is a rare and highly malignant tumor. Five cases are reported and the world literature is reviewed. Three of the five patients had distant metastases when they were first seen with hoarseness.

Carcinoma of the cervix: lymphangiography and computed tomography.

Twenty-four patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix examined by lymphangiography followed by computed tomography (CT) were reviewed to assess the findings and their impact on management. The lymphangiogram was of value in detecting metastases in relatively small nodes, (less than 1.5 cm maximum diameter) and in differentiating metastases from reactive hyperplasia in the larger lymph nodes which were opacified.

Improved image quality and examination procedures in xeroradiographic peripheral angiography: an experimental study.

Ten dogs were used to compare conventional peripheral angiography and xeroradiographic angiography using three different concentrations of contrast material. Serial angiograms were produced in order to determine maximum arterial filling time, and a xeroradiograph was made at the predetermined maximal arterial phase. Xeroradiographic angiography consistently provided better imaging of the peripheral vessels and soft tissue.

The extremity soft-tissue lesion: a comparative study of ultrasound, computed tomography, and xeroradiography.

Twenty-five extremity soft-tissue lesions were evaluated by ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and xeroradiography (XR). The lesion was detected by CT in 20 of 25 cases. In five cases, a soft-tissue tumor was not identified by CT due to small lesion size, isodensity, or the inability to distinguish scar tissue from recurrent tumor.

Computed tomography of the infratemporal fossa.

Conventional radiography and polytomography supply much information about primary and secondary tumors involving the infratemporal fossa. However, computed tomography is the preferable method with which to make definitive evaluations.

Comparison of ultrasound and computed tomography in the detection of pancreatic malignancy.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 102 patients who were examined by both ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) for known or possible carcinoma of the pancreas. In 38% of the patients, ultrasonography was unsatisfactory due to overlying interfering intestinal gas or ascites, whereas only 2% of CT studies were unsatisfactory due to technical considerations. In comparing the two modalities, CT was found to be more accurate (96% CT vs.

Ultrasonographic patterns of hepatic lymphoma.

The hepatic sonograms of 443 patients with lymphoma were reviewed. Of these patients, 357 had nonHodgkin lymphoma, while 86 had Hodgkin disease. Sonography was able to detect disease in 5.

Computerized tomography in rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck may be treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy or a combination thereof. Precise delineation of the full extent of the tumor in the head and neck is essential. Routine radiographs with hypocycloidal tomography and CT are complementary in defining the full extent of the lesion.

Lymphangiography in staging of carcinoma of the prostate: the potential value of percutaneous lymph node biopsy.

Bilateral pedal lymphangiography was performed in the staging of 208 patients with prostatic carcinoma. Forty-seven (23%) were found to have lymph node involvement, and 40 of these 47 had Stage C disease. Nine per cent of the Stage C1 patients (moderately advanced disease) and 37% of Stage C2 (massive carcinoma) had lymph node metastases.

Radiographic features of olfactory neuroblastoma.

Olfactory neuroblastomas are malignant, slowly growing neurogenic tumors originating from the olfactory mucosa of the nasal cavity. Fourteen patients with this tumor were evaluated and showed variable extension into adjacent structures such as the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses, orbit, and anterior cranial cavity.

Computed tomography diagnosis of mesenteric masses.

The computed tomographic findings of 30 mesenteric masses are presented. To delineate the mesentery accurately, oral contrast material must fill the entire small bowel. Of the masses, 23 were secondary to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Radiographic findings of Ewing's sarcoma of the jaws.

The radiographic findings in eight cases of Ewing's sarcoma of the jaws are analysed in detail. Similar findings to those in peripheral skeletal involvement were demonstrated including: (a) permeative bone destruction, (b) periosteal reaction, and (c) extraosseous soft tissue mass. Specific to the jaws is the occurrence of dental displacement without destruction.