Interleukin 4 improved adipose-derived stem cells engraftment via interacting with fibro/adipogenic progenitors in dystrophic mice.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) therapy shows promise as an effective treatment for dystrophinopathy. Fibro-/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) play an essential role in the myogenesis of muscle satellite cells and contribute to muscle fibrosis and adipocyte infiltration. The interleukin 4 (IL-4) pathway acts as a switch that regulates the functions of FAPs.

Research on electronic synaptic simulation of HfO-based memristor by embedding AlO.

The potential of neuromorphic computing in synaptic simulation has led to a renewed interest in memristor. However, the demand for multilevel resistive switching with high reliability and low power consumption is still a great resistance in this application. In this work, the electronic synaptic plasticity and simulated bipolar switching behavior of Pt/AlO(2 nm)/HfO(10 nm)/AlO(2 nm)/Ti tri-layer memristor is investigated.

Modeling and Simulation Investigation of Ferroelectric-Based Electrostatic Doping for Tunnelling Field-Effect Transistor.

In this paper, a novel ferroelectric-based electrostatic doping (Fe-ED) nanosheet tunneling field-effect transistor (TFET) is proposed and analyzed using technology computer-aided design (TCAD) Sentaurus simulation software. By inserting a ferroelectric film into the polarity gate, the electrons and holes are induced in an intrinsic silicon film to create the p-source and the n-drain regions, respectively. Device performance is largely independent of the chemical doping profile, potentially freeing it from issues related to abrupt junctions, dopant variability, and solid solubility.

The Image Identification Application with HfO-Based Replaceable 1T1R Neural Networks.

This paper mainly studies the hardware implementation of a fully connected neural network based on the 1T1R (one-transistor-one-resistor) array and its application in handwritten digital image recognition. The 1T1R arrays are prepared by connecting the memristor and nMOSFET in series, and a single-layer and a double-layer fully connected neural network are established. The recognition accuracy of 8 × 8 handwritten digital images reaches 95.

Generation and characterization of an induced pluripotent stem cell line (ZSYYDNi001-A) from a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy carrying exon 51 deletion in the DMD gene.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a common hereditary neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness. DMD is caused by mutations in the DMD gene, resulting in the dysfunction of dystrophin. We generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) from a patient with DMD carrying exon 51 deletion in the DMD gene.

Serum creatinine as a biomarker for dystrophinopathy: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

Background: Dystrophinopathy, a common neuromuscular disorder, includes Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). Many researches are currently ongoing to develop curative approaches, which results in an urgent need for biomarkers of disease progression and treatment response. This study investigated whether the serum creatinine (SCRN) level can be used as a biomarker of disease progression in dystrophinopathy.

Comparison of Carrier and Pathogenic Variants in a Chinese DMD/BMD Cohort.

Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) are X-linked recessively inherited neuromuscular disorders caused by deletions, duplications, or small mutations in the gene. With advances in prenatal diagnosis decreasing the number of affected offspring from carrier mothers, the frequency of variants could increase. Therefore, determining the differences between the carrier and variants of the gene, which are rarely explored, is important for trial planning and genetic diagnosis in the future.

Multiple-Molecule Drug Design Based on Systems Biology Approaches and Deep Neural Network to Mitigate Human Skin Aging.

Human skin aging is affected by various biological signaling pathways, microenvironment factors and epigenetic regulations. With the increasing demand for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to prevent or reverse skin aging year by year, designing multiple-molecule drugs for mitigating skin aging is indispensable. In this study, we developed strategies for systems medicine design based on systems biology methods and deep neural networks.

In vivo genome editing in mouse restores dystrophin expression in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient muscle fibers.

Background: Mutations in the DMD gene encoding dystrophin-a critical structural element in muscle cells-cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), which is the most common fatal genetic disease. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-mediated gene editing is a promising strategy for permanently curing DMD.

Methods: In this study, we developed a novel strategy for reframing DMD mutations via CRISPR-mediated large-scale excision of exons 46-54.

A rare case of monozygotic triplets with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Twins with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) have been widely studied. We report the first rare case of monozygotic triplets with DMD who shared consistent phenotypes, including delayed motor and language milestones, muscle wasting and weakness, joint contracture, and lumbar lordosis. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy revealed the similar muscle injury characteristics and dystrophin absence.

CCR2 improves homing and engraftment of adipose-derived stem cells in dystrophic mice.

Background: Dystrophinopathy, a common neuromuscular disorder caused by the absence of dystrophin, currently lacks effective treatments. Systemic transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is a promising treatment approach, but its low efficacy remains a challenge. Chemokine system-mediated stem cell homing plays a critical role in systemic transplantation.

Genetic Modifiers of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in Chinese Patients.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal, X-linked recessive muscle disorder characterized by heterogeneous progression and severity. We aimed to study the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in and on DMD progression in Chinese patients. We genotyped haplotypes and the promoter SNPs rs28357094, rs11730582, and rs17524488 in 326 patients registered in the neuromuscular database of The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.

Self-Compliance and High Performance Pt/HfO/Ti RRAM Achieved through Annealing.

A self-compliance resistive random access memory (RRAM) achieved through thermal annealing of a Pt/HfO/Ti structure. The electrical characteristic measurements show that the forming voltage of the device annealing at 500 °C decreased, and the switching ratio and uniformity improved. Tests on the device's cycling endurance and data retention characteristics found that the device had over 1000 erase/write endurance and over 10 s of lifetime (85 °C).

Genotypes and Phenotypes of Small Mutations in Chinese Patients With Dystrophinopathies.

Dystrophinopathies are a group of neuromuscular disorders resulting from mutations in , including Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), intermediate muscular dystrophy (IMD), and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). Herein, we present the characteristics of small mutations in Chinese patients with dystrophinopathies, and explore genotype-phenotype correlations. In our cohort, 115 patients with small mutations (18.

HLA Polymorphism Affects Risk of Mutation of Gene and Clinical Severity of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in a Southern Chinese Population.

Immune-mediated pathology has been thought to be an important factor contributing to Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Allele frequencies of certain HLA types are known to differ between patients with dystrophinopathies and healthy controls with low-resolution HLA gene typing data in limit reports. Using Polymerase chain reactionsequence based typing (PCR-SBT) to genotype 64 children with DMD in , -B,-C, -DRB1, and locus and 503 healthy controls in , - locus, this study aimed to investigate associations of specific alleles with, and their possible roles in the development and clinical phenotypic severity of DMD.

The clinical spectrum and genetic variability of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy in a cohort of Chinese patients.

Background: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a commonly diagnosed hereditary muscular disorder, characterized by the progressive weakness of the limb-girdle muscles. Although the condition has been well-characterized, clinical and genetic heterogeneity can be observed in patients with LGMD. Here, we aimed to describe the clinical manifestations and genetic variability among a cohort of patients with LGMD in South China.

Ratio of Creatine Kinase to Alanine Aminotransferase as a Biomarker of Acute Liver Injury in Dystrophinopathy.

Objective: To investigate the ratios of creatine kinase (CK) to aminotransferases as biomarkers of acute liver injury in dystrophinopathy.

Methods: C57 and mdx (dystrophic) mice were treated with a hepatotoxic reagent D-galactosamine (D-GalN). The degrees of liver and muscle injury were assessed using histological examinations.

Social implications of fission in wild Formosan macaques at Mount Longevity, Taiwan.

Group fission in non-human primates has long been proposed to result from interactions between ecological and social factors. Several studies have documented possible causes for group fission, but its proximate causes and ultimate adaptive values are not yet fully understood. We have examined the existing hypotheses on fission from long-term demographic data of Formosan macaques inhabiting the lowland rainforest at Mt Longevity, Taiwan.

Non-Maternal Infant Handling in Wild Formosan Macaques of Mount Longevity, Taiwan.

In this paper, we present quantitative data on how the social network and sex of infants influence allomothering behaviour among wild Formosan macaques, Macaca cyclopis. Using long-term field data collected from the Mount Longevity study site in Kaohsiung (Taiwan), we have tested relevant hypotheses incorporating data on age, rank and reproductive state of infant handlers, and the relationship between handlers and infants. The results support 2 major hypotheses, i.

Radiological Assessment of the Effect of Congenital C3-4 Synostosis on Adjacent Segments.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Purpose: To assess the effect of non-kyphotic aligned congenital C3-4 synostosis on the adjacent segment in 10 patients.

Overview Of Literature: In the cervical spine, fusion disease at the adjacent motion segments may be a risk factor for potential neurological compromise and death.

Biomechanical comparison of three stand-alone lumbar cages--a three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Background: For anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF), stand-alone cages can be supplemented with vertebral plate, locking screws, or threaded cylinder to avoid the use of posterior fixation. Intuitively, the plate, screw, and cylinder aim to be embedded into the vertebral bodies to effectively immobilize the cage itself. The kinematic and mechanical effects of these integrated components on the lumbar construct have not been extensively studied.

Radiographic assessment of congenital C2-3 synostosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the morphologies of congenital C2-3 synostosis in 25 patients.

Methods: Radiographs of 11 males and 14 females aged 5 to 74 years with congenital C2-3 synostosis were reviewed. All cases were found incidentally on radiographs when presenting with neck/shoulder discomfort/pain.

Instrumented ligamentotaxis and stabilization of compression and burst fractures of dorsolumbar and mid-lumbar spines.

Background: Controversy continues regarding the best treatment for compression and burst fractures. The axial distraction reduction utilizing the technique employing the long straight rod or curved short rod without derotation to reduce fracture are practised together with short segment posterolateral fusion (PLF). Effects of the early postoperative mobilization without posterolateral fusion on reduction maintenance and fracture consolidation were not evaluated so far.