Integrated photonic crystal beam splitters based on thin film lithium niobate.

We propose and demonstrate integrated photonic crystal (PhC) beam splitters based on X-cut thin film lithium niobate (TFLN). Its working principle is based on bandgap guidance and total reflection in the PhC slab. We designed two structures: one features a triangular lattice, while the other exhibits a tetragonal lattice.

[Innovation of key technologies in fermentative production of L-glutamate and industrial application].

The fermentative production of L-glutamate is by far the largest among the amino acids commercially produced. L-glutamate is also the largest fermentation product in China in terms of the production scale. With the rapid development in synthetic biotechnology, production equipment and process technologies, the performance of industrial strains and the production technology of L-glutamate have been advanced remarkably in recent years.

Effects of the Combination of the Main Active Components of Astragalus and Panax notoginseng on Inflammation and Apoptosis of Nerve Cell after Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.

Astragalus and Panax notoginseng are commonly used to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in China and are often combined together to promote curative effect. We speculate that the enhancement of the combination on anticerebral ischemia injury may come from the main active components. The purpose of this work was to probe the effects and mechanisms of Astragaloside IV (the active component of Astragalus) combined with Ginsenoside Rg1, Ginsenoside Rb1, and Notoginsenoside R1 (the active components of P.

Autophagy in cerebral ischemia and the effects of traditional Chinese medicine.

Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated degradation process for non-essential or damaged cellular constituents, playing an important homeostatic role in cell survival, differentiation and development to maintain homeostasis. Autophagy is involved in tumors as well as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Recently, active compounds from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been found to modulate the levels of autophagy in tumor cells, nerve cells, myocardial cells and endothelial cells.