Promoted production of Fe(IV)/Fe(V) intermediates in the calcium peroxide/ferrate(VI) process for low-damage removal of algal contaminants and membrane fouling control.

Ultrafiltration (UF) is widely employed for harmful algae rejection, whereas severe membrane fouling hampers its long-term operation. Herein, calcium peroxide (CaO) and ferrate (Fe(VI)) were innovatively coupled for low-damage removal of algal contaminants and fouling control in the UF process. As a result, the terminal J/J increased from 0.

Enhanced hydroxyl radical generation for micropollutant degradation in the InO/Vis-LED process through the addition of periodate.

Periodate (PI) as an oxidant has been extensively studied for organic foulants removal in advanced oxidation processes. Here PI was introduced into InO/Vis-LED process to enhance the formation of ·OH for promoting the degradation of organic foulants. Results showed that the addition of PI would significantly promote the removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in the InO/Vis-LED process (from 9.

Improving ultrafiltration of algae-laden water with chitosan quaternary ammonium salt enhanced by sodium percarbonate.

Ultrafiltration (UF) is extensively used for algae removal because of its ability to retain algal cells with high efficiency, but it still faces the problem of membrane fouling and low retention capacity of dissolved organics. Hence, a strategy of coagulation with chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HTCC) enhanced by sodium percarbonate (SPC) pre-oxidation was proposed to improve the UF performance. The fouling resistances were calculated by a resistance-in-series model based on Darcy's formula, and the membrane fouling mechanism was evaluated using a pore plugging-cake filtration model.

Mutual activation between ferrate and calcium sulfite for surface water pre-treatment and ultrafiltration membrane fouling control.

In this work, ferrate (Fe(VI)) and calcium sulfite (CaSO) were combined to treat surface water for improving ultrafiltration (UF) performance. During the pre-treatment process, the Fe(VI) and CaSO activated each other and a variety of active species (Fe(V), Fe(IV), OH, SO, O, etc.) were generated.

Enhancing ultrafiltration of algal-rich water using ferrate activated with sodium percarbonate: Foulants variation, membrane fouling alleviation, and collaborative mechanism.

Ultrafiltration (UF) is a reliable method to treat algal-rich water, whereas severe membrane fouling has impeded its actual application. To improve UF performance and alleviate membrane fouling resulted by algal foulants, a novel strategy coupling ferrate (Fe(VI)) and sodium percarbonate (SPC) was proposed. During the coupling process, Fe(VI) was activated by SPC to generate high-valent Fe intermediates (Fe(V) and Fe(IV)), which played a crucial role in high-efficiency oxidation for algal foulants, and the in-situ formed Fe(III) particles decomposed by Fe(VI) also enhanced the coagulation and adsorption capacity to the coupling system.

Coupling sodium percarbonate (SPC) oxidation and coagulation for membrane fouling mitigation in algae-laden water treatment.

To alleviate algal fouling in membrane water treatment processes, conventional technologies such as coagulation with poly aluminum chloride (PACl) has been widely adopted by many drinking water treatment plants. However, coagulation alone exhibited relatively weak removal effect for algal pollutants, and the coagulant residues due to the excess dosage also raised concerns. Thus, a novel process of coupling sodium percarbonate (SPC) oxidation and PACl coagulation was proposed, integrated with membrane filtration for algae-laden water treatment.