Gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by alcohol exposure in pubertal and adult mice.

Unlabelled: Alcohol intake causes many diseases including neuropsychiatric symptoms, nutritional deficiency, progressive pancreatitis, liver cirrhosis, and ischemic heart disease. The gut microbiota changes significantly after alcohol exposure. Alcohol consumption tends to increase in underage and young people, but the feature of the gut microbiota in puberty remains largely unexplored.

Endothelial transferrin receptor 1 contributes to thrombogenesis through cascade ferroptosis.

Oxidative stress and iron accumulation-induced ferroptosis occurs in injured vascular cells and can promote thrombogenesis. Transferrin receptor 1 (encoded by the TFRC gene) is an initial element involved in iron transport and ferroptosis and is highly expressed in injured vascular tissues, but its role in thrombosis has not been determined. To explore the potential mechanism and therapeutic effect of TFRC on thrombogenesis, a DVT model of femoral veins (FVs) was established in rats, and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify TFRC as a hub protein that is associated with thrombus formation.

Methadone maintenance treatment is more effective than compulsory detoxification in addressing gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by heroin abuse.

Introduction: Heroin use disorder (HUD) is commonly accompanied by gut dysbiosis, but the roles of gut microbiota in HUD treatment, such as compulsory detoxification and methadone maintenance treatment (MMT), remain poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, we performed 16 s rDNA and whole metagenome sequencing to analyze the gut microbial profiles of HUD patients undergoing heroin addiction, heroin withdrawal (compulsory detoxification), and MMT.

Results: Our findings revealed that, compared to healthy controls, microbial diversity was significantly decreased in HUD patients who were in a state of heroin addiction and withdrawal, but not in those receiving MMT.

Effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity inhibition on cognitive, behavioral, and hippocampal ultrastructural deficits in adulthood associated with adolescent methamphetamine exposure.

Objective: Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) has been implicated in the maintenance of synaptic plasticity, memory process, and psychostimulant-induced behavioral effects. Hyperactive GSK3β in the Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) subregion of the dorsal hippocampus (DHP) was associated with adolescent methamphetamine (METH) exposure-induced behavioral and cognitive deficits in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effects of GSK3β inhibition in adulthood on adolescent METH exposure-induced long-term neurobiological deficits.

The Basolateral Amygdala to Ventral Hippocampus Circuit Controls Anxiety-Like Behaviors Induced by Morphine Withdrawal.

Anxiety is one of the most common comorbid conditions reported in people with opioid dependence. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) and ventral hippocampus (vHip) are critical brain regions for fear and anxiety. The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) is present in the mesolimbic regions involved in emotions and addiction.

Secondary ferroptosis promotes thrombogenesis after venous injury in rats.

Background: Iron accumulation significantly accelerates thrombosis after vascular injury. The role of the ferroptosis pathway induced by iron overload in thrombosis has not been previously elucidated. In this study, we answer certain obscure questions regarding the contribution of ferroptosis to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and explore new and potential mechanisms of thrombogenesis.

Modafinil rescues repeated morphine-induced synaptic and behavioural impairments via activation of D1R-ERK-CREB pathway in medial prefrontal cortex.

Long-term opioid abuse causes a variety of long-lasting cognitive impairments such as attention, impulsivity and working memory. These cognitive impairments undermine behavioural treatment for drug abuse and lead to poor treatment retention and outcomes. Modafinil is a wake-promoting drug that shows potential in improving attention and memory in humans and animals.

Expression profile analysis reveals hub genes that are associated with immune system dysregulation in primary myelofibrosis.

Objection: Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a familiar chronic myeloproliferative disease with an unfavorable prognosis. The effect of infection on the prognosis of patients with PMF is crucial. Immune system dysregulation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of PMF.

IL-6 and IL-20 as potential markers for vitality of skin contusion.

The detection of vitality of wounds is very important in forensic practice. This study is performed using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in both mouse and human skin wounds for the application of IL-6 and IL-20 in order to differentiate intravital wounds from postmortem wounds. RT-qPCR analysis of contused mouse skin showed that increased IL-6 and IL-20 mRNA levels were found in comparison to intact skin tissues.