Giant Carotid-Cavernous Fistula with Complete Shunt.

A 37-year-old man with a history of head trauma surgery 8 years previously was admitted because of persistent pulsatile exophthalmos and intracranial murmur. Angiography results showed that blood from the right internal carotid artery flowed directly into the cavernous sinus , with the arterial system above the cavernous sinus not visualized; early visualization of the right venous sinus system; dilation of the right superior ophthalmic vein and the medial canthal vein. Bilateral anterior and middle cerebral arteries were perfused through the left internal carotid artery.

Intervention of exogenous VEGF protect brain microvascular endothelial cells from hypoxia-induced injury by regulating PLCγ/RAS/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways.

Ischemic stroke rapidly increases the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes neovascularization during hypoxia. However, the effect and mechanism of VEGF intervention on cerebrovascular formation remain unclear. Therefore, our research discussed the protective effect of exogenous VEGF on cells in hypoxia environment in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, simulating ischemic stroke in hypoxic environment.

Markers of brain injury in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Aim: To investigate the correlation of serum changes and markers of brain injury (BI) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in patients with cerebral aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: 120 patients diagnosed with aSAH were included. 3 months after surgery, these patients were divided into a normal cognition group and a cognitive dysfunction (CD) group relying on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale.

[Lower capsular contracture of miniprostheses as compared with the conventional silicone implant].

Objective: To determine if miniprostheses would form a capsule of significantly different biophysical, biochemical and histologic properties than the conventional silicone implant.

Methods: Four miniprostheses (experimental group) and one big silicone implants (control 1 group) were separately implanted beneath the panniculus carnosus muscle of 30 rabbits. After 3 months, measures related to contracture and capsular histology were performed on anesthetized animals.

[The experimental researches on the use of triamcinolone acetonide for the prevention of implant capsular contracture].

Objective: To explore the use of triamcinolone acetonide for the prevention of implant capsular contracture.

Methods: 20 rabbits were randomly undivided into 2 groups of 10 animals each. Every 10 ml silicone implant was implanted beneath the panniculus carnosus muscle of one rabbit.