Parotid Gland Suspension Combined with Rhytidectomy to Recontour the Lower Face and Neck Enlargement Caused by Benign Parotid Hypertrophy.

Background: Lower face and neck aging and facial shape changes are usually caused by soft tissue descent. During lower face and neck enlargement, parotid hypertrophy is an important influence factor of morphologic changes in the periauricular regions. Most plastic surgery techniques greatly improve the shape of the lower face and neck, but ignore the manipulation of the parotid gland.

Upper blepharoplasty in Asian population: A novel technique based on functional zoning and dynamic reconstruction with anatomical structure.

Background: Double eyelid blepharoplasty is the most popular cosmetic operation in Asian population. Various surgical techniques have been developed in order to create dynamic eyelid folds with natural-looking in recent years, but postoperative complications like so-called sausage-like appearance have not been resolved completely.

Aims: To create natural-looking dynamic folds, we propose a new method imitating the original anatomical structure of congenital double-eyelid.

Reconstructed Mid-Face Lifting After Tissue Expansion by Suspending the Expander Capsule.

Background: An obvious saggy tendency was observed in the expanded flaps from mid-facial reconstruction and resulted in an unsatisfactory postoperative cosmetic outcome. At the time of this writing, the authors introduced a novel technique of mid-face lifting to correct the phenomenon by suspending the expander capsule.

Methods: From September 2018 to August 2023, 11 patients who had undergone our mid-face lifting technique were enrolled in our study.

Treatment for benign skin lesion in zygomatic-infraorbital region by the expanded multi-lobe cervicofacial advancement rotation flap in pediatric patients.

Purpose: Benign skin lesions in zygomatic-infraorbital regions severely influence pediatric patients' appearance as well as mental health. Treatments are difficult for the high requirements of patients' guardians in both function and aesthetics. The present study aims to introduce a surgical method, Expanded Multi-Lobe Cervicofacial Flap, which combines the advantages of the classical cervicofacial advancement rotation flap and the tissue expansion technique.

Outer Fascia of Orbicularis Oculi Muscle (OFOOM)-Orbicularis (OOM)-Aponeurosis Fixation Approach in Double-Eyelid Blepharoplasty Revision.

Background: Incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty is the main surgical technique to obtain an artificial crease. Postoperative complications decrease patients' satisfaction, and patients with prominent depressed groove and persistent pretarsal swelling (sausage phenomenon) usually need revision surgery. To resolve the sausage phenomenon after blepharoplasty, we adopt Outer Fascia of Orbicularis Oculi Muscle (OFOOM)-Orbicularis (OOM)-Aponeurosis Fixation Approach to create natural double eyelids.

Reconstruction of Large Periorbital Defect With a Pre-expanded Retrograde Postauricular Island Flap: Our 13-Year Experiences.

The clinical application of the retrograde postauricular island flap has been widely restricted because of its limited size and high morbidity of venous congestion. Thus, in this article, we introduced a pre-expanded retrograde postauricular island flap to reconstruct the large periorbital defect. A total of 13 patients with periorbital lesions who had undergone the treatment of our flap were enrolled in the study.

Improved Reverse Postauricular Island Flap for Repair of Lower Conjunctival Fornix Retraction.

Abstract: Repair of lower conjunctival fornix retraction is a great challenge for plastic surgeons in the aspects of orbital prosthesis retaining and cosmetic appearance. Hereby, a 25-year-old woman, suffering from lower conjunctival fornix retraction after the removal of retinoblastoma and radiotherapy, was undertaking the treatment with an improved reverse postauricular island flap for expansion of the lower conjunctival fornix, and volume augmentation of the anophthalmic socket in one stage. The flap was based on the parietal branch of the superficial temporal artery and its vascular architecture to the postauricular vascular system, and successfully transferred by passing through a subcutaneous tunnel.

Temporal-fasciae-complex sheet suspension for correction of severe recurrent blepharoptosis.

Background: Multiple surgical methods were performed to correct the blepharoptosis. However, the recurrence of blepharoptosis is not uncommon in clinical practice. The Temporal-Fasciae-Complex Sheet (TFC sheet) was an ideal autologous material in correcting the severe blepharoptosis.

Establishment and validation of a nomogram to predict the neck contracture after skin grafting in burn patients: A multicentre cohort study.

Cervical burn contracture is one of the burn contractures with the highest incidence and severity, and there is no effective method to predict the risk of neck contracture. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combined cervicothoracic skin grafting on the risk of neck contracture in burn patients and to develop a nomogram to predict the risk of neck contracture after skin grafting in burn patients. Data from 212 patients with burns who underwent neck skin grafting were collected from three hospitals, and the patients were randomly divided into training and validation sets.

Identification and functional analyses of a novel pathogenic variant causing blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome.

Aim: To discover the molecular pathogenic basis of the blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES), and to predict the clinical subtype according to experiments, which is significant to the prognosis.

Methods: A 3-year-old sporadic female patient with typical clinical manifestations of BPES was enrolled. The coding region of forkhead box L2 () gene was sequenced, and the functional assays were performed by Western blotting, subcellular localization experiment, luciferase reporter assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Epidemiology and Predictors for Cervical Burn Scar Contractures: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Cervical burn scar contracture (BSC) affects many important neck functions and the patients' quality of life. However, it remains unclear which patients have a higher risk of neck BSCs. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and identify the independent risks of cervical BSC formation and severity.

PTB Regulates the Metabolic Pathways and Cell Function of Keloid Fibroblasts through Alternative Splicing of PKM.

Keloids, benign fibroproliferative cutaneous lesions, are characterized by abnormal growth and reprogramming of the metabolism of keloid fibroblasts (KFb). However, the underlying mechanisms of this kind of metabolic abnormality have not been identified. Our study aimed to investigate the molecules involved in aerobic glycolysis and its exact regulatory mechanisms in KFb.

Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Auricular Chondrocytes Facilitate Cartilage Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Purpose: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC)-based therapies have been utilized for cartilage regeneration because of their multi-lineage differentiation ability. However, commonly used cartilage inducers such as the transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-β3) may be prone to cartilage dedifferentiation and hypertrophy. The directional differentiation of elastic cartilage is limited nowadays.

Aesthetic Sideburn Reconstruction Using an Expanded Hair Bearing Skin Flap With Natural Hairline.

Background: Hairline is the marginal line of hair growth on the scalp. Patients with sideburn defects, caused by tumor resection, severe infection, or burns, might have low self-esteem and mental stress. The purpose of this article was to explore a surgical method of applying the expanded scalp flap with natural hairline for cosmetic reconstruction of hairline, so as to provide reference for future clinical work.

The Transfer of Expanded Forehead Superthin Flap Without Frontalis and Less Hair Follicles Pedicled by Superficial Temporal Vessels.

Background: The expanded forehead flap pedicled with superficial temporal vessel(s) is a common method to treat facial scar deformity. However, local bulkiness and hair retention have limited the use of this flap.

Methods: Five cadavers were used for anatomy to confirm the forehead "safety zone.

A New Technique for Chondrolaryngoplasty in Patients Assigned Female at Birth.

Background: Chondrolaryngoplasty is a classical facial feminization surgery for transgender women. In recent years, however, an increasing number of patients assigned female at birth are seeking chondrolaryngoplasty for esthetic purposes. Traditional chondrolaryngoplasty can no longer cope with problems of the growing group whose leading cause of laryngeal prominence differs from the transgender population.

Medial gastrocnemius resection for calf reduction by using a popliteal mini-incisional approach in Asians.

Background: To create a new approach of resecting medial gastrocnemius for calf reduction and to meet the increasing requirement of the beauty standard of calf sliming in Asian.

Methods: Twenty patients with 39 calves underwent gastrocnemius resection for calf reduction. Under general anesthesia, a 5 cm incision, along the popliteal crease, was made down to the sub-popliteal deep fascia on a prone position.

Tear Trough Ligament Release and Autologous Fat Injection as a New Method for Tear Trough Deformity Correction.

Background: Even though the tear trough (TT) deformity is only 2 cm in length, it can give a worn, even haggard appearance on the face. The authors developed a novel approach and presented findings from the clinical effect.

Methods: Between February 2018 and January 2021, the medical records of patients treated with autologous fat injection for TT deformity were researched.

Three-Dimensional Z-Epicanthoplasty Retains the Depth of the Medial Canthus With Scars That Are Less Visible.

Background: Traditional coronal Z-epicanthoplasty usually generates visible scars, and V-Y advancement or skin redraping can damage the normal shape of the lower eyelid. In addition, these methods usually lead to loss of the medial canthus depth, which is important for the natural appearance of East Asians. This report aims to describe a 3-dimensional Z-epicanthoplasty that can maintain the depth of the medial canthus with fewer visible scars.

Inhibiting Warburg Effect Can Suppress the Biological Activity and Secretion Function of Keloid Fibroblasts.

Background: Keloids have always been a difficult problem in the clinic. In our previous study, we demonstrated a Warburg effect in keloid fibroblasts (KFs), like tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the suppression of the Warburg effect on the biological activity and function of KFs.

Different Transfer Forms of the Expanded Forehead Flap Pedicled With Superficial Temporal Vessels to Treat Chin and Submental Scar Deformities.

Background: The chin and submental regions are located at the junction of the face and neck. Its function and aesthetic appearance can be seriously affected when scar deformities cause the cervico-mental angle to disappear. The expanded forehead flap pedicled with superficial temporal vessel(s) is a surgical treatment for chin and submental scar deformities.

The application of a retrograde postauricular island flap in reconstructing periorbital region defects.

Background: Reconstruction of periorbital region defects is thought to be one of the most challenging areas in reconstructive plastic surgery. This paper describes our experiences with the application of retrograde postauricular island flaps in reconstructing periorbital region defects.

Methods: Between November 2008 and June 2019, 16 patients with periorbital region defects underwent treatment using a retrograde postauricular island flap.

Aesthetic Design of Expanded Bilateral Superficial Temporal Vascular Fascial Pedicled Flap for Repairing Maxillocervical Scars.

Background: Large-scale maxillocervical scars impair face and neck function and damage appearance. The forehead expanded bilateral superficial temporal pedicled flap is a good treatment strategy for this area; however, the traditional cutaneous pedicled flap damages the temporal hair area. This impairs aesthetics and causes alopecia; furthermore, requires an additional pedicle-cut operation.

Low-level laser treatment promotes skin wound healing by activating hair follicle stem cells in female mice.

The aim of the study was to explore the effect and mechanism of a low-level laser on hair follicle stem cells in full-thickness skin wound healing in mice. Full-thickness skin defects were generated by a 5-mm punch biopsy tool on the backs of depilated C57/BL6N mice, which were randomly divided thereafter into a low-dose laser treatment group (LLLT-Low), a high-dose laser treatment group (LLLT-High), and a control group (control). From the day of modeling to the day before the skin samples were taken, the wound area and wound edge of the mice in the LLLT-Low and LLLT-High groups were irradiated with a laser comb every 24 h, and the energy density was 1 J/cm and 10 J/cm, respectively.