Atopic Dermatitis Treatments Before and After Initiation of Ruxolitinib Cream: 6-Month Follow-Up Analysis of a US Payer Claims Database.

Purpose: Many patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), a highly pruritic, relapsing, inflammatory skin disease, experience inadequate disease control. Ruxolitinib cream was approved in the US in September 2021 for the treatment of mild-to-moderate AD. This analysis describes treatment patterns before and after initiation of ruxolitinib cream among patients with AD.

The Shh-p38-NFATc1 signaling pathway is essential for osteoclastogenesis during tooth eruption.

Tooth eruption, a critical stage in tooth development, is related to osteoclastogenesis. Intraperitoneal injection of Shh agonists into neonatal mice promoted tooth eruption at postnatal day (PN) 15, whereas treatment with the Shh inhibitor (LDE225) suppressed this process. When RAW264.

Maxillary impacted canine replacing a central incisor with root resorption: Multidisciplinary treatment in a preadolescent patient.

Maxillary canines are often impacted, which can result in tooth disorders and adversely affect occlusal and facial development. The case report describes complete bilateral impaction of maxillary canines and significant root resorption of a central incisor. The multidisciplinary approach is the optimal strategy for addressing impacted maxillary canines.

Propulsion mechanism of artificial flagellated micro-swimmers actuated by acoustic waves-theory and experimental verification.

This work examines the acoustically actuated motions of artificial flagellated micro-swimmers (AFMSs) and compares the motility of these micro-swimmers with the predictions based on the corrected resistive force theory (RFT) and the bar-joint model proposed in our previous work. The key ingredient in the theory is the introduction of a correction factorin drag coefficients to correct the conventional RFT so that the dynamics of an acoustically actuated AFMS with rectangular cross-sections can be accurately modeled. Experimentally, such AFMSs can be easily manufactured based on digital light processing of ultra-violet (UV)-curable resins.

Patient Burden of Nonsegmental Vitiligo: A US Real-World Survey of Dermatologists and Their Patients.

Introduction: Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by destruction of melanocytes, leading to skin depigmentation. Vitiligo can have a high quality-of-life burden and profound impact on psychosocial well-being. The objectives of this study were to describe the self-reported patient burden among patients with nonsegmental vitiligo with ≤ 10% affected body surface area, summarize the physician-reported psychosocial and psychological impact of vitiligo on patient lives, and describe disease characteristics and treatment history, goals, and satisfaction.

Nutrient availability and acid erosion determine the early colonization of limestone by lithobiontic microorganisms.

Introduction: Microorganisms, including the pioneer microorganisms that play a role in the early colonization of rock, are extremely important biological factors in rock deterioration. The interaction of microorganisms with limestone leads to biodeterioration, accelerates soil formation, and plays an important role in the restoration of degraded ecosystems that cannot be ignored. However, the process of microbial colonization of sterile limestone in the early stages of ecological succession is unclear, as are the factors that affect the colonization.

Feasibility of mini-implant insertion between mesial and distal buccal roots of a maxillary first molar: A cone-beam computed tomography imaging study.

Introduction: Mini-implant insertion in the maxillary posterior region can be influenced by anatomic limitations, thus increasing the failure rate. We explored the feasibility of a new implantation site: the region between the mesial and distal buccal roots of the maxillary first molar.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography data from 177 patients were collected from a database.

Clinical analysis of successful insertion of orthodontic mini-implants in infrazygomatic crest.

Background: The insertion positions of mini-implant in infrazygomatic crest has been reported, but due to the anatomical variation, the precise location of this site is not clear yet. This study used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to analyze the position and angle of mini-implants successfully inserted in the infrazygomatic crest, with the goal of providing reference data for clinical practice.

Methods: CBCT was used to image 40 mini-implants and their surrounding tissues in adult orthodontic patients who successfully underwent mini-implant insertion in the infrazygomatic crest.

Real-world Outcomes Associated With Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor Monotherapy Maintenance in Patients With Primary Advanced Ovarian Cancer.

Objective: This study used real-world population data to assess the trends of first-line (1L) poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) maintenance treatment uptake and outcomes in patients with primary advanced ovarian cancer (AOC).

Methods: Patients diagnosed with AOC between January 1, 2017, and June 30, 2021, who completed 1L chemotherapy were selected from a real-world database. Descriptive analyses were performed to evaluate patient demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, and 1L treatment patterns.

Investigation of periodontal status and bacterial composition aroundmini-implants.

Introduction: Mini-implants are now widely used in orthodontic treatment. Soft-tissue inflammation around the mini-implant is an important factor affecting its stability. This study aimed to investigate the periodontal status and the bacterial composition around mini-implants.

A bar-joint model based on the corrected resistive force theory for artificial flagellated micro-swimmers propelled by acoustic waves.

In this work, we proposed a bar-joint model based on the corrected resistive force theory (CRFT) for studying artificial flagellated micro-swimmers (AFMSs) propelled by acoustic waves in a two-dimensional (2D) flow field or with a rectangular cross-section. Note that the classical resistive-force theory for 3D cylindrical flagellum leads to over 90% deviation in terminal velocity from those of 2D fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations, while the proposed CRFT bar-joint model can reduce the deviation to below 5%; hence, it enables a reliable prediction of the 2D locomotion of an acoustically actuated AFMS with a rectangular cross-section, which is the case in some experiments. Introduced in the CRFT is a single correction factordetermined by comparing the linear terminal velocities under acoustic actuation obtained from the CRFT with those from simulations.

secretion leads to dysplasia of normal esophageal epithelial cells the Sonic hedgehog pathway.

Objectives: To investigate the pathogenic effect of cultured media on the esophagus and the mechanism underlying the effect.

Background: Periodontitis is strongly associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The cultured media of may act on healthy esophagus to trigger a malignant transformation; however, this has not been confirmed.

Real-world utilization and outcomes of systemic therapy among patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer in the United States.

Objective: Evaluate systemic therapy utilization patterns and outcomes by line of therapy among patients with advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer (EC) treated in the United States.

Methods: This retrospective observational study used the Optum Clinformatics Extended Data Mart Date of Death database (1 January 2004-31 December 2019) and included de-identified data from adult patients with advanced/recurrent EC who were treated with first-line (1L) platinum-based chemotherapy and initiated second-line (2L) anti-neoplastic therapy. The index date was the date of 1L therapy initiation.

Cross-Scale Synthesis of Organic High- Semiconductors Based on Spiro-Gridized Nanopolymers.

High dielectric constants in organic semiconductors have been identified as a central challenge for the improvement in not only piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and ferroelectric effects but also photoelectric conversion efficiency in OPVs, carrier mobility in OFETs, and charge density in charge-trapping memories. Herein, we report an ultralong persistence length ( ≈ 41 nm) effect of spiro-fused organic nanopolymers on dielectric properties, together with excitonic and charge carrier behaviors. The state-of-the-art nanopolymers, namely, nanopolyspirogrids (NPSGs), are synthesized via the simple cross-scale Friedel-Crafts polygridization of AB-type nanomonomers.

Gridization-Driven Mesoscale Self-Assembly of Conjugated Nanopolymers into Luminescence-Anisotropic Photonic Crystals.

Organic semiconducting emitters integrated with butterfly-mimetic photonic crystals (PhCs) are fascinating for dramatic advantages over light outcoupling efficiency and multifunctional strain sensors, as well as the key step toward electrically pumped lasers. Herein, an unprecedentedly direct mesoscale self-assembly into 1D PhCs is reported through a covalently gridization-driven approach of wide-bandgap conjugated polymers. A simple solvent-casting procedure allows for in situ self-assembly of the state-of-the-art conjugated nanopolymer, poly{[4-(octyloxy)-9,9-diphenylfluoren-2,7-diyl]grid}-co-{[5-(octyloxy)-9,9-diphenylfluoren-2,7-diyl]grid} (PODPFG), into well-defined multilayer architectures with an excellent toughness (30-40 J m ).

Budget impact analysis of niraparib for first-line maintenance therapy in advanced ovarian cancer from a US payer perspective.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer death in women and has the highest mortality rate of gynecological cancers. Niraparib was recently approved by the FDA for the maintenance treatment of adult patients with advanced epithelial OC in complete or partial response to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) regardless of biomarker status. To estimate the direct economic impact on US payers of adding niraparib as a first-line maintenance therapy for patients with advanced OC.

Patients' preferences for delaying metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Combining health state and treatment valuation.

Purpose: Men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) experience disease progression at different rates. The purpose of this study was to quantify the strength of patient preferences for delaying prostate cancer progression utilizing a discrete choice experiment (DCE) and valuing 3 health states in the continuum of CRPC.

Patients And Methods: Men with CRPC, recruited from US patient panels, completed a cross-sectional web-based survey.

Metformin adherence and discontinuation among patients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study.

Aims: To describe discontinuation and adherence to metformin in the United Kingdom.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink database of type 2 diabetes patients aged ≥18 years with ≥1 metformin prescription in 2013. Metformin use was assessed in new and ongoing users, defined, respectively, as not having or having a prescription for metformin in the baseline period.

Distance to glycemic goal at the time of treatment intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus failing metformin monotherapy in the United States.

A substantial proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) do not reach their target HbA1c level on metformin. The objective of this retrospective observational cohort study is to better characterize the distance between HbA1c target and patient's actual HbA1c level (the distance to goal), using a target HbA1c of 7.0% (53 mmol/mol), in patients with T2DM who have started metformin monotherapy.

Modeling of an acoustically actuated artificial micro-swimmer.

Some recent achievements in microfabrication have demonstrated ultrasound-actuated artificial micro-swimmers for medical applications. However, the theoretical model of actuation and swimming is still lacking. Here we report a theoretical study of an acoustically actuated sperm-like artificial micro-swimmer which consists of a rigid head and a flexible flagellum.

Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison of Health-Related Quality of Life and Adverse Events of Apalutamide Versus Enzalutamide in Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Introduction: The present study aimed to indirectly compare apalutamide and enzalutamide with respect to tolerability and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among men with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC).

Methods: Patient-level data from the SPARTAN study [apalutamide + androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) versus placebo + ADT] and aggregate published data from the PROSPER study (enzalutamide + ADT versus placebo + ADT) were used. Anchored matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) was conducted by weighting patients' baseline characteristics from SPARTAN to match aggregated baseline characteristics in PROSPER.

Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison of the Efficacy of Apalutamide and Enzalutamide with ADT in the Treatment of Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Introduction: Apalutamide and enzalutamide are next-generation androgen receptor inhibitors that demonstrated efficacy in placebo-controlled studies (SPARTAN for apalutamide; PROSPER for enzalutamide) when used in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for treatment of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). In the absence of comparative studies between these agents, the present study sought to indirectly compare metastasis-free survival (MFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with nmCRPC who received these therapies.

Methods: Individual patient-level data from SPARTAN (apalutamide plus ADT) and published data from PROSPER (enzalutamide plus ADT) were utilized.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Secondary Events Among Acute and Chronic Stable Myocardial Infarction Patients: Findings from a Managed Care Database.

Introduction: Long-term risk for recurrent cardiovascular events among myocardial infarction (MI) patients in the acute versus chronic stable phase is not well characterized. This study was conducted to evaluate risk factors associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular (CVD) morbidity and to determine the transition period from the acute to chronic stable phase of disease.

Methods: Administrative claims data from a managed care database (2007-2012) were linked to the Social Security Death Index.

Clinical outcomes associated with pathogenic genomic instability mutations in prostate cancer: a retrospective analysis of US pharmacy and medical claims data.

Prostate cancer (PC) is a clinically heterogenous disease, and genetic mutations may be useful for patient risk stratification. This retrospective cohort study compared clinical outcomes, pharmacy use, and outpatient resource use in PC patients with and without pathogenic genomic instability mutations, including DNA repair deficiency (DRD) mutations and those in , , and . Patients ≥18 years newly-diagnosed with PC between June 2011-March 2016 were identified in medical and prescription claims databases linked to a genomic dataset.