Identification of Loliolide with Anti-Aging Properties from JD052.

Herein, different extracts of JD052, a green microalga, were evaluated in vitro as a potential anti-aging bioagent. Although post-treatment of microalgal culture with either UV irradiation or high light illumination did not lead to a substantial difference in the effectiveness of microalgal extracts as a potential anti-UV agent, the results indicated the presence of a highly potent compound in ethyl acetate extract with more than 20% increase in the cellular viability of normal human dermal fibroblasts (nHDFs) compared with the negative control amended with DMSO. The subsequent fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract led to two bioactive fractions with high anti-UV property; one of the fractions was further separated down to a single compound.

Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibition-Related Adverse Outcome Pathway: Potential Risk of Retinoic Acid Synthesis Inhibition during Embryogenesis.

Retinoic acid (RA) is one of the factors crucial for cell growth, differentiation, and embryogenesis; it interacts with the retinoic acid receptor and retinoic acid X receptor to eventually regulate target gene expression in chordates. RA is transformed from retinaldehyde via oxidization by retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH), which belongs to the family of oxidoreductases. Several chemicals, including disulphiram, diethylaminobenzaldehyde, and SB-210661, can effectively inhibit RALDH activity, potentially causing reproductive and developmental toxicity.

Industrial Applications of Dinoflagellate Phycotoxins Based on Their Modes of Action: A Review.

Dinoflagellates are an important group of phytoplanktons, characterized by two dissimilar flagella and distinctive features of both plants and animals. Dinoflagellate-generated harmful algal blooms (HABs) and associated damage frequently occur in coastal areas, which are concomitant with increasing eutrophication and climate change derived from anthropogenic waste and atmospheric carbon dioxide, respectively. The severe damage and harmful effects of dinoflagellate phycotoxins in the fishing industry have been recognized over the past few decades, and the management and monitoring of HABs have attracted much attention, leaving aside the industrial application of their valuable toxins.

High-Throughput In Vitro Screening of Changed Algal Community Structure Using the PhotoBiobox.

In a previous study, the sequential optimization and regulation of environmental parameters using the PhotoBiobox were demonstrated with high-throughput screening tests. In this study, we estimated changes in the biovolume-based composition of a polyculture built in vitro and composed of three algal strains: sp., sp.

Two-stage cultivation strategy for the improvement of pigment productivity from high-density heterotrophic algal cultures.

Herein, a two-stage cultivation process was devised to overcome low pigment content of algal biomass grown in heterotrophy. Post-treatment conditions (i.e.

Nitrogen modulation under chemostat cultivation mode induces biomass and lipid production by Chlorella vulgaris and reduces antenna pigment accumulation.

Algal growth limitation in large-scale cultivation mostly results from high level synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, owing to self-shading effects and attenuation of light distribution. To overcome this problem, here we investigated the influence of nitrogen modulation on changes in antenna pigments as well as biomass and lipid production by Chlorella vulgaris under a chemostat continuous cultivation mode. The production of algal antenna pigments, including chlorophylls and carotenoids, was promoted in a total nitrogen (TN) concentration-dependent manner.

The Inhibition of Melanogenesis Via the PKA and ERK Signaling Pathways by Extract in B16F10 Melanoma Cells and Artificial Human Skin Equivalents.

Abnormal melanin synthesis results in several hyperpigmentary disorders such as freckles, melanoderma, age spots, and other related conditions. In this study, we investigated the antimelanogenic effects of an extract from the microalgae (CE) and potential mechanisms responsible for its inhibitory effect in B16F10, normal human epidermal melanocyte cells, and human skin-equivalent models. The CE extract showed significant dose-dependent inhibitory effects on α-melanocyte-stimulating, hormone-induced melanin synthesis in cells.

The Protective Effect of Violaxanthin from Nannochloropsis oceanica against Ultraviolet B-Induced Damage in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

Skin photoaging, which is mainly induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, is prevented by the application of UV-protective agents. The microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica (N. oceanica) has been primarily reported as a potential biofuel; however, in this study, we investigated whether N.

Protective effect of Arthrospira platensis extracts against ultraviolet B-induced cellular senescence through inhibition of DNA damage and matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in human dermal fibroblasts.

Ultraviolet (UV) light exposure causes skin photoaging, which is known to be preventable and controllable by application of UV-protective agents. In this study, we demonstrated, for the first time, that the extract of microalgae Arthrospira platensis has a reverse effect on UV-induced photodamage such as loss of cell viability, cellular senescence, DNA damage, and collagen destruction in dermal fibroblasts. Forty-eight extracts were prepared from the cell biomass by controlling culture light conditions, extract solvents, and disruption methods.

Bicarbonate-based cultivation of Dunaliella salina for enhancing carbon utilization efficiency.

In this study, bicarbonate was proposed as an alternative carbon source to overcome exceedingly low CO fixation efficiency of conventional microalgae cultivation system. 5gL of sodium bicarbonate was found to well support the growth of Dunaliella salina, showing 2.84-fold higher specific growth rate than a bicarbonate-free control.

Erratum to: Extract of Ettlia sp. YC001 Exerts Photoprotective Effects against UVB Irradiation in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblast.

This erratum is being published to correct the errors of the words in the section of Result and the Figure 4B. The words of 'with HO' (left column, line 25) in page 781 should be corrected as 'with the extract'. And the Figure 4B in page 780 should be replaced with the below new Figure 4B.

Extract of Ettlia sp. YC001 Exerts Photoprotective Effects against UVB Irradiation in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

The identification of novel reagents that exert a biological ultraviolet (UV)-protective effect in skin cells represents an important strategy for preventing UV-induced skin aging. To this end, we investigated the potential protective effects of Ettlia sp. YC001 extracts against UV-induced cellular damage in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs).

Has the impact of temperature on mortality really decreased over time?

Many studies have reported that the temperature effect on mortality has decreased over time. However, most of those studies did not consider lag times longer than 10 days, which is frequently used to explore its effect net out compensatory effect (harvesting) and lag effects. We sought to examine the temporal variation of the temperature effect on mortality, considering both a lag effect and mortality displacement.

Enhancing microalgal biomass productivity by engineering a microalgal-bacterial community.

This study demonstrates that ecologically engineered bacterial consortium could enhance microalgal biomass and lipid productivities through carbon exchange. Phycosphere bacterial diversity analysis in xenic Chlorella vulgaris (XCV) confirmed the presence of growth enhancing and inhibiting microorganisms. Co-cultivation of axenic C.