Assessing the possibility of using large language models in ocular surface diseases.

Aim: To assess the possibility of using different large language models (LLMs) in ocular surface diseases by selecting five different LLMS to test their accuracy in answering specialized questions related to ocular surface diseases: ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, Claude 2, PaLM2, and SenseNova.

Methods: A group of experienced ophthalmology professors were asked to develop a 100-question single-choice question on ocular surface diseases designed to assess the performance of LLMs and human participants in answering ophthalmology specialty exam questions.

Development of a UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of sulfatinib and its no interaction with myricetin in rats.

Introduction: Sulfatinib is a novel oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with selective inhibition of fibroblast growth factor (FGFR), colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 1, 2, and 3. It has been approved for the therapy of neuroendocrine tumors arising in the non-pancreatic (December 2020) and pancreatic (June 2021) glands. Until now, there has no research on the determination of sulfatinib in biological medium by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method.

mRNA-miRNA analyses reveal the involvement of CsbHLH1 and miR1446a in the regulation of caffeine biosynthesis in .

Caffeine, a primary flavor component in tea, has been the subject of intense research. With the goal of shedding light on the complex regulatory processes governing caffeine biosynthesis in tea plants, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS), transcriptomics, and small RNA analyses were employed on diverse tea cultivars such as 'Jianghua Kucha' [including 'Xianghong 3' (XH3H) and 'Kucha 3' (KC3H)], 'Fuding Dabaicha' (FDDB), 'Yaoshan Xiulv' (YSXL), and 'Bixiangzao' (BXZ). The results showed that the caffeine level in 'Jianghua Kucha' was significantly higher than that in other tea plant cultivars.

Prediction model for ocular metastasis of breast cancer: machine learning model development and interpretation study.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of breast epithelial cells followed by malignant transformation, and it has the highest incidence among female malignant tumors. The metastasis of BC occurs through direct and lymphatic spread. Although ocular metastasis is relatively rare, it is a good indicator of a worse prognosis.

Associations Between Nursing Students' Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes and Participation in Experiential Learning on Care for People With Disabilities.

Background: Experiential learning activities on care for people with disabilities (PWD) would help nursing students develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) needed to provide quality care for PWD.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceived changes in nursing students' KSAs related to the care for PWD following participation in health assessment and prevention (HAP) experiential learning activities.

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental, pre- and posttest educational intervention study.

Effect of recombinant CYP3A4 variants and interaction on imatinib metabolism in vitro.

The aim of this study was to investigate the catalytic activity of 26 Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) variants and drug interactions on imatinib metabolism in recombinant insect microsomes. This study was designed with an appropriate incubation system and carried out in the constant temperature water. By using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to measure the quantities of its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib, to elucidate the impacts of the CYP3A4 genetic polymorphism and drug interactions on the metabolism of imatinib.

Altered spontaneous brain activity patterns in hypertensive retinopathy using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Aim: To study functional brain abnormalities in patients with hypertensive retinopathy (HR) and to discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of HR by fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs) method.

Methods: Twenty HR patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs) were respectively recruited. The age, gender, and educational background characteristics of the two groups were similar.

Effect of isavuconazole on the pharmacokinetics of sunitinib and its mechanism.

Background: Sunitinib, a newly developed multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has become a common therapeutic option for managing advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Examining the mechanism underlying the interaction between sunitinib and isavuconazole was the aim of this effort.

Methods: The concentrations of sunitinib and its primary metabolite, N-desethyl sunitinib, were analyzed and quantified using ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Retinal thickness and microvascular alterations observed by optical coherence tomography in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: As an autoimmune disease, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) often affects multiple organs, including the ocular system. This study aims to investigate differences in retinal thickness (RT) and retinal superficial vascular density (SVD) between patients with AAV and healthy controls (HCs) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Currently, these differences are not clear.

Field-evolved resistance to nitenpyram is associated with fitness costs in whitefly.

Background: Elucidating fitness cost associated with field-evolved insect resistance to insecticide is of particular importance to current sustainable pest control. The global pest whitefly Bemisia tabaci has developed resistance to many members of neonicotinoids, but little is known about whitefly resistance to neonicotinoid nitenpyram and its associated fitness cost. Using insecticide bioassay and life-table approach, this study aims to investigate nitenpyram resistance status in field-collected whitefly populations, and to explore whether such resistance is accompanied by a fitness cost.

GPCR-MAPK signaling pathways underpin fitness trade-offs in whitefly.

Trade-offs between evolutionary gain and loss are prevalent in nature, yet their genetic basis is not well resolved. The evolution of insect resistance to insecticide is often associated with strong fitness costs; however, how the fitness trade-offs operates remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and its upstream and downstream actors underlie the fitness trade-offs associated with insecticide resistance in the whitefly .

Green-gray imbalance: Rapid urbanization reduces the probability of green space exposure in early 21st century China.

Green space exposure provides greater beneficial effects on residents compared to unnatural spaces, commonly referred to as "gray spaces". However, during rapid urbanization, gray spaces expand more quickly than green spaces, often encroaching upon and overtaking these natural environments. This unchecked growth leads to detrimental impacts on the human habitat and overall environmental quality.

Establishment and Validation of Lactate Metabolism-Related Genes as a Prognostic Model for Gastric Cancer.

Gastric Cancer (GC) has become one of the most important causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide due to its intractability. Studying the mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis, recurrence, and metastasis, and searching for new therapeutic targets have become the main directions of today's gastric cancer research. Lactate is considered a metabolic by-product of tumor aerobic glycolysis, which can regulate tumor development through various mechanisms, including cell cycle regulation, immunosuppression, and energy metabolism.

CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms and myricetin interaction on tofacitinib metabolism.

Tofacitinib can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. In this current study, a recombinant human CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 system was operated to study the effects of recombinant variants on tofacitinib metabolism. Moreover, the interaction between tofacitinib and myricetin was analyzed in vitro.

Luminescence and Energy Transfer Properties of Color-Tunable Dy, Eu co-Activated NaGdSiO Phosphor for WLED with Great Thermo-Stability.

A series of NaGdSiO: y Dy-x Eu phosphors were synthesized by a high-temperature solid-phase method. The optimal doping ion concentration of Dy ions for this phosphor was determined to be 1 % from the emission spectra. The energy transfer between Dy and Eu ions at 351 nm was investigated by photoluminescence spectra and fluorescence decay curves.

Glutathione S-transferase directly metabolizes imidacloprid in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci.

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci poses a significant threat to various crops and ornamental plants and causes severe damage to the agricultural industry. Over the past few decades, B. tabaci has developed resistance to several pesticides, including imidacloprid.

Graph theoretical analysis and independent component analysis of diabetic optic neuropathy: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the resting-state functional connectivity and topologic characteristics of brain networks in patients with diabetic optic neuropathy (DON).

Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed on 23 patients and 41 healthy control (HC) subjects. We used independent component analysis and graph theoretical analysis to determine the topologic characteristics of the brain and as well as functional network connectivity (FNC) and topologic properties of brain networks.

Simultaneous determination of iguratimod and its metabolite in rat plasma using a UPLC-MS/MS method: Application for drug-drug interaction.

This aim of the work was to establish an acceptable sensitive assay based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for quantitatively analyzing the plasma concentrations of iguratimod (IGR) and its metabolite M2 in rats, and to further investigate the effect of fluconazole on the pharmacokinetics of IGR and M2. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water with 0.1% formic acid, was used to separate IGR, M2 and internal standard (IS) fedratinib on a UPLC BEH C18 column (2.

Cytochrome P450 Underpins Dinotefuran Resistance in the Whitefly .

Being a destructive pest worldwide, the whitefly has evolved resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides. The third-generation neonicotinoid dinotefuran has commonly been applied to the control of the whitefly, but its underlying mechanism is currently unknown. On the base of our transcriptome data, here we aim to investigate whether the cytochrome P450 underlies dinotefuran resistance in the whitefly.