How does young adults' dietary and health-related quality of life vary by food security and household income?

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the dietary and health-related quality of life of young adults according to their household income and food security status.

Methods: To conduct this study, 10,224 young adults aged 19-34 years who participated in the 2008-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were selected. Subjects were categorized into four groups based on household income and food security: 'food secure and high income,' 'food insecure and high income,' 'food secure and low income,' and 'food insecure and low income'.

Development of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Electrodes with Enhanced Dispersion and Electrochemical Properties for Blood Glucose Monitoring.

The evolution of high-performance electrode materials has significantly impacted the development of real-time monitoring biosensors, emphasizing the need for compatibility with biomaterials and robust electrochemical properties. This work focuses on creating electrode materials utilizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), specifically examining their dispersion behavior and electrochemical characteristics. By using ultrasonic waves, we analyzed the dispersion of CNTs in various solvents, including N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), deionized water (DW), ethanol, and acetone.

What Is the Difference Between Laboratory-Scale and Pilot-Scale Grape-Based Products for Older Adults with Chewing Difficulties?

This study was conducted to develop a grape product that can facilitate fruit intake for elderly people with chewing difficulties. In addition, the possibility of field application for future prototype production was investigated by comparing laboratory-scale (lab-scale) and pilot-scale production. The stages (stage 1: able to eat with teeth, stage 2: able to eat with gums, stage 3: able to eat with tongue) of the products were determined according to the Korean Industrial Standards for Seniors Friendly Foods (KS H 4897), and the physicochemical composition was measured according to the general test method of the Food Code.

Sustainable separation of molybdenum from mixed mineral acids generated as semiconductor industry waste streams using tributyl phosphate (TBP) by effects of hybrid machine learning models.

This study explores the separation and optimization of molybdenum (Mo) from mixed mineral acids derived from semiconductor industry waste streams with tributyl phosphate (TBP) by implementing machine learning (ML) models. Considerable experimental tests were performed to evaluate the impact of various operational variables on the effectiveness of Mo extraction and stripping. The support vector regression (SVR) paired with harmony search algorithm (HSA), genetic algorithm (GA), and shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) were employed for enhancement in the separation process and structural optimization.

Discovery of -Aryl-'-[4-(aryloxy)cyclohexyl]squaramide-Based Inhibitors of LXR/SREBP-1c Signaling Pathway Ameliorating Steatotic Liver Disease: Navigating the Role of SIRT6 Activation.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is primarily attributed to the abnormal upregulation of hepatic lipogenesis, which is especially caused by the overactivation of the liver X receptor/sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (LXR/SREBP-1c) pathway in hepatocytes. In this study, we report the rational design and synthesis of a novel series of squaramides via bioisosteric replacement, which was evaluated for its inhibitory activity on the LXR/SREBP-1c pathway using dual cell-based assays. Compound was found to significantly downregulate LXR, SREBP-1c, and their target genes associated with lipogenesis.

The Effects of Auricular Acupressure Therapy on Obesity and Sleep in Korean Middle-Aged Women: A Randomized Single-Blind Sham-Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of auricular acupressure therapy on obesity and sleep quality in middle-aged Korean women. The single-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial included participants aged 40-65 years with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25-34 kg/m2, divided into an experimental group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 29). The intervention involved 8 weeks of auricular acupressure using ear seeds on five acupoints associated with obesity and sleep.

Homogeneously Mixed Cu-Co Bimetallic Catalyst Derived from Hydroxy Double Salt for Industrial-Level High-Rate Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electrosynthesis.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) presents an innovative approach for sustainable NH production. However, selective NH production is hindered by the multiple intermediates involved in the NORR process and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction. Hence, the development of highly efficient NORR catalysts is paramount.

Proximal auditory AR rehabilitation: system integration and wellness applications-from hearing support up toward vestibular rehabilitation.

We present a new rehabilitation system based on novel principles, which consists of an auditory augmented reality (AR) headset we originated. The auditory AR headset, which does not cover both ears, allows users to hear both Real and Virtual environmental sounds at the same time. It can also be used in combination with Hearing Aids.

Vitamin K Antagonists for Pregnant Women With Antiphospholipid Antibodies: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To describe characteristics of published research on the safety and efficacy of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) for pregnant patients with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), including their methodological characteristics and knowledge gaps.

Methods: This study followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews protocol system. Studies were primarily identified through searching electronic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

Single-cell analysis of human PBMCs in healthy and type 2 diabetes populations: dysregulated immune networks in type 2 diabetes unveiled through single-cell profiling.

Abnormalities in glucose metabolism that precede the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) activate immune cells, leading to elevated inflammatory factors and chronic inflammation. However, no single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies have characterized the properties and networks of individual immune cells in T2D. Here, we analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from non-diabetes and T2D patients by scRNA-seq.

Effects of dietary crude protein content and resistant starch supplementation on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology and microbial metabolites in weaned pigs.

A 4-week study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary crude protein () content and resistant starch () supplementation on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology and microbial metabolites of weaned pigs. A total of 96 pigs (7.06 ± 0.

Kinetic and competitive effects of sorption on multi-element migration through crushed granite and biotite gneiss in Ca-HCO-SO type groundwater.

Crystalline rock is used as the host rock for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Two cationic elements (Cs(I) and Ni(II)) and three anionic elements (Se(IV/VI), Mo(VI), and U(VI)) were selected to comprehensively evaluate the sorption behaviors of these radionuclides on crystalline granite and biotite gneiss. The anionic elements showed weak sorption (log K (L·kg) < 1) and little competition effect, while the cationic elements (log K (L·kg) = 2-3) showed clear competition (18-98% in K values) even at low concentrations.

Efficient Haze Removal from a Single Image Using a DCP-Based Lightweight U-Net Neural Network Model.

In this paper, we propose a lightweight U-net architecture neural network model based on Dark Channel Prior (DCP) for efficient haze (fog) removal with a single input. The existing DCP requires high computational complexity in its operation. These computations are challenging to accelerate, and the problem is exacerbated when dealing with high-resolution images (videos), making it very difficult to apply to general-purpose applications.

Multi-omics analysis sandbox toolkit for swift derivations of clinically relevant genesets and biomarkers.

The utilization of multi-omics research has gained popularity in clinical investigations. However, effectively managing and merging extensive and diverse datasets presents a challenge due to its intricacy. This research introduces a Multi-Omics Analysis Sandbox Toolkit, an online platform designed to facilitate the exploration, integration, and visualization of datasets ranging from single-omics to multi-omics.

Regulatory role of Echinochrome A in cancer-associated fibroblast-mediated lung cancer cell migration.

Echinochrome A (Ech A), a marine biosubstance isolated from sea urchins, is a strong antioxidant, and its clinical form, histochrome, is being used to treat several diseases, such as ophthalmic, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a component of the tumor stroma and induce phenotypes related to tumor malignancy, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness, through reciprocal interactions with cancer cells. Here, we investigated whether Ech A modulates the properties of CAFs and alleviates CAF-induced lung cancer cell migration.

Anti-rheumatic property and physiological safety of KMU-11342 in in vitro and in vivo models.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by joint destruction due to synovial hypertrophy and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Despite substantial progress in RA treatment, challenges persist, including suboptimal treatment responses and adverse effects associated with current therapies. This study investigates the anti-rheumatic capabilities of the newly identified multi-protein kinase inhibitor, KMU-11342, aiming to develop innovative agents targeting RA.

Advanced fructo-oligosaccharides improve itching and aberrant epidermal lipid composition in children with atopic dermatitis.

Introduction: The effects of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) on atopic dermatitis (AD) have not been determined.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, children with AD aged 24 months to 17 years received either advanced FOS containing 4.25 g of 1-kestose or a placebo (maltose) for 12 weeks.

Antileukemic potential of methylated indolequinone MAC681 through immunogenic necroptosis and PARP1 degradation.

Background: Despite advancements in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), resistance and intolerance remain significant challenges. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and TKI-resistant cells rely on altered mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Targeting rewired energy metabolism and inducing non-apoptotic cell death, along with the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), can enhance therapeutic strategies and immunogenic therapies against CML and prevent the emergence of TKI-resistant cells and LSC persistence.

Glutamine-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP underlies resistance to TRAIL in pancreatic cancer.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent because it kills cancer cells while sparing normal cells. However, many cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), exhibit intrinsic or acquired resistance to TRAIL, and the molecular mechanisms underlying TRAIL resistance in cancers, particularly in PDAC, remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that glutamine (Gln) endows PDAC cells with resistance to TRAIL through KDM4C-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP.

Sex Dependent Disparities in the Central Innate Immune Response after Moderate Spinal Cord Contusion in Rat.

Subacute spinal cord injury (SCI) displays a complex pathophysiology associated with pro-inflammation and ensuing tissue damage. Microglia, the resident innate immune cells of the CNS, in concert with infiltrating macrophages, are the primary contributors to SCI-induced inflammation. However, subpopulations of activated microglia can also possess immunomodulatory activities that are essential for tissue remodeling and repair, including the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors that are vital for SCI recovery.