Traditional Chinese medicine for functional gastrointestinal disorders and inflammatory bowel disease: narrative review of the evidence and potential mechanisms involving the brain-gut axis.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common clinical disorders characterized by recurrent diarrhea and abdominal pain. Although their pathogenesis has not been fully clarified, disruptions in intestinal motility and immune function are widely accepted as contributing factors to both conditions, and the brain-gut axis plays a key role in these processes. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) employs a holistic approach to treatment, considers spleen and stomach impairments and liver abnormality the main pathogenesis of these two diseases, and offers a unique therapeutic strategy that targets these interconnected pathways.

Cryo-EM structures of Candida albicans Cdr1 reveal azole-substrate recognition and inhibitor blocking mechanisms.

In Candida albicans, Cdr1 pumps azole drugs out of the cells to reduce intracellular accumulation at detrimental concentrations, leading to azole-drug resistance. Milbemycin oxime, a veterinary anti-parasitic drug, strongly and specifically inhibits Cdr1. However, how Cdr1 recognizes and exports azole drugs, and how milbemycin oxime inhibits Cdr1 remain unclear.

Simultaneous bond-selective deuterium-based isotopic labeling sensing with disposable ultra-miniature CARS fiber probe.

Deuterium-based isotopic labeling is an important technique for tracking cellular metabolism with the Raman signals analysis of low-wavenumber (LW) C-D bonds and high-wavenumber (HW) C-H bonds. We propose and demonstrate a disposable ultra-miniature fiber probe to detect LW and HW coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectra for deuterated compounds simultaneously and bond-selectively sensing. The 10.

The neuromodulatory effects of flavonoids and gut Microbiota through the gut-brain axis.

Recent investigations show that dietary consumption of flavonoids could potentially confer neuroprotective effects through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Numerous flavonoids have been shown to cross the BBB and accumulate within the central nervous system (CNS). Some of these compounds purportedly counteract the accumulation and deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species, fostering neuronal survival and proliferation by inhibiting neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress responses.

A Probabilistic Bayesian Parallel Deep Learning Framework for Wind Turbine Bearing Fault Diagnosis.

The technology of fault diagnosis helps improve the reliability of wind turbines. Difficulties in feature extraction and low confidence in diagnostic results are widespread in the process of deep learning-based fault diagnosis of wind turbine bearings. Therefore, a probabilistic Bayesian parallel deep learning (BayesianPDL) framework is proposed and then achieves fault classification.

Double-Antibody Sandwich Immunoassay and Plasmonic Coupling Synergistically Improved Long-Range SPR Biosensor with Low Detection Limit.

A long-range surface plasmonic resonance (LR-SPR) biosensor modified with double-antibody sandwich immunoassay and plasmonic coupling is demonstrated for human-immunoglobulin G detection with a low limit of detection (LOD). The double-antibody sandwich immunoassay dramatically changes the average refractive index of the medium layer on the sensor surface. The near-field electron coupling between the localized surface plasmon and the long-range surface plasmon leads to a significant perturbation of the evanescent field.

Multi-layer optical fiber surface plasmon resonance biosensor based on a sandwich structure of polydopamine-MoSe@Au nanoparticles-polydopamine.

An all-optical fiber multi-layer surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor based on a sandwich structure of polydopamine-MoSe@Au nanoparticles-polydopamine (PDA-MoSe@AuNPs-PDA) was designed for the detection of specific immunoreactions. By optimizing the multi-layer structure and the ratio of MoSe: AuNPs, a sensitivity of 5117.59 nm/RIU has been obtained, which is more than double that of the only Au-filmed optical fiber SPR sensor.

Refractometric Sensitivity Enhancement of Weakly Tilted Fiber Bragg Grating Integrated with Black Phosphorus.

The sensitivity enhancement of the weakly tilted fiber Bragg grating (WTFBG) integrated with black phosphorus (BP) was investigated via numerical simulations and experimental demonstrations. BP nanosheets were deposited twice on the cylindrical WTFBG surface using the in situ layer-by-layer (i-LbL) deposition technique. The resonance intensity of the deepest cladding mode located around 1552 nm of WTFBG had a 9.

All optic-fiber coupled plasmon waveguide resonance sensor using ZrS based dielectric layer.

We developed an all optic-fiber coupled plasmon waveguide resonance (CPWR) sensor using a zirconium disulfide (ZrS) based dielectric layer. The dielectric constants of ZrS were obtained using first-principles calculations. The theoretical model of the proposed sensor was established based on the transfer matrix method, leading to the optimization of the parameters in the sensor.

Cryo-EM Structure of a Bacterial Lipid Transporter YebT.

The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is asymmetric, with lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) on the outer surface and phospholipids (PLs) on the inner surface. This unique organization of OM makes Gram-negative bacteria resistant to many toxic chemicals. How this asymmetric distribution of lipids is maintained has been studied for decades with previous reports of an Mla (Maintenance of OM Lipid Asymmetry) system to be involved.