Flexible Ureteroscopy with a Tip-bendable Suction Ureteral Access Sheath Versus Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Treatment of 2-3-cm Renal Stones: Study Protocol for an International, Multicenter, Randomized, Parallel-group, Noninferiority Trial.

Guidelines recommend percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for larger renal stones, but advances in flexible ureteroscopy (f-URS) with a tip-bendable suction ureteral access sheath (S-UAS) have prompted further investigation. Our multicenter, international, randomized controlled trial is investigating whether f-URS with S-UAS is noninferior to mini-PCNL (mPCNL) for renal stones of 2-3 cm. The primary objective is the immediate stone-free rate (SFR).

Genomic analysis and experimental pathogenic characterization of Riemerella anatipestifer isolates from chickens in China.

Waterfowl have a high likelihood of being infected with Riemerella anatipestifer. Although the pathogen is found in domestic ducks, turkeys, geese, and wild birds, there is little information available about the consequences of infection during egg laying and hatching in chickens. Here, we present the first report of a novel sequence type of R.

Health benefits by attaining the new WHO air quality guideline targets in China: A nationwide analysis.

To reduce the high disease burden caused by air pollution, World Health Organization (WHO) issued a new air quality guideline (AQG) on the 22nd September 2021. A timely quantitative assessment of health benefits by meeting these targets is a key measure to advocate and inform national and regional disease control policies. We collected daily major air pollution data in 315 Chinese cities from the 1st January to the 31st December 2019, and the corresponding annual population and mortality rate in the whole population of each city.

The changes in socioeconomic inequalities and inequities in health services utilization among patients with hypertension in Pearl River Delta of China, 2015 and 2019.

Background: Assessing inequities in health services utilization contributes to build effective strategies for health equity promotion. This study aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic inequalities and inequities in health services utilization among hypertensive patients and explore the changes between 2015 and 2019 in Pearl River Delta of China.

Methods: The cross-sectional surveys were conducted using the questionnaire.

Exosomes with low miR-34c-3p expression promote invasion and migration of non-small cell lung cancer by upregulating integrin α2β1.

Exosomes play critical roles in regulating various physiological and pathological processes, including immune stimulation, immune suppression, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Recent studies show that exosomes that transport specific microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumor development. However, the molecular mechanism by which tumor invasion and migration are regulated by exosomes from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not well understood.

Interaction of lipid accumulation product and family history of hypertension on hypertension risk: a cross-sectional study in the Southern Chinese population.

Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the applicability of a novel index based on waist circumference (WC) and triglyceride (TG) which was named lipid accumulation product (LAP) in the Southern Chinese population, and compared the predictive effects of LAP and other obesity indicators on hypertension risk. Moreover, this study investigated the interactive effects of LAP and family history of hypertension.

Methods: A total number of 2079 of community-dwelling adults in Southern China were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

Association between early-life exposure to the Great Chinese Famine and poor physical function later in life: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association between early-life exposure to the Great Chinese Famine (1959-1961) and the prevalence of poor physical function in midlife.

Design: A population-based historical prospective study was performed as part of a wider cross-sectional survey. Exposure to famine was defined by birthdate, and participants were divided into non-exposed group, fetal-exposed group and infant-exposed group.

Prevalence of urolithiasis among the Uyghur children of China: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of urolithiasis amongst Uyghur children.

Subjects And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of Uyghur children (aged ≤14 years) in the Kashgar Region of China, from July to December 2016. Children were selected by a two-stage random clustered sampling method, evaluated by urinary tract ultrasonography, low-dose computed tomography (CT) examination, blood and urine analysis, and a questionnaire.

Development of an in silico prediction model for chemical-induced urinary tract toxicity by using naïve Bayes classifier.

The urinary tract toxicity is one of the major reasons for investigational drugs not coming into the market and even marketed drugs being restricted or withdrawn. The objective of this investigation is to develop an easily interpretable and practically applicable in silico prediction model of chemical-induced urinary tract toxicity by using naïve Bayes classifier. The genetic algorithm was used to select important molecular descriptors related to urinary tract toxicity, and the ECFP-6 fingerprint descriptors were applied to the urinary tract toxic/non-toxic fragments production.

Development and evaluation of in silico prediction model for drug-induced respiratory toxicity by using naïve Bayes classifier method.

Respiratory toxicity is considered as main cause of drug withdrawal, which could seriously injure human health or even lead to death. The objective of this investigation was to develop an in silico prediction model of drug-induced respiratory toxicity by using naïve Bayes classifier. The genetic algorithm was used to select important molecular descriptors related to respiratory toxicity, and the ECFP_6 fingerprint descriptors were applied to the respiratory toxic/non-toxic fragments production.

Parthenolide suppresses non-small cell lung cancer GLC-82 cells growth via B-Raf/MAPK/Erk pathway.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), one type of lung cancer, owns high rates of morbidity and mortality. B-Raf is one of the promising oncogenic drivers of NSCLC. Parthenolide, a natural product, is mainly extracted from the herbal plant Tanacetum parthenium.

Prevalence of kidney stones in China: an ultrasonography based cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of kidney stones among adults in China.

Subjects And Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted among individuals aged ≥18 years across China, from May 2013 to July 2014. Participants underwent urinary tract ultrasonographic examinations, completed pre-designed and standardised questionnaires, and provided blood and urine samples for analysis.

Economic cost analysis of malaria case management at the household level during the malaria elimination phase in The People's Republic of China.

Background: In China, malaria has been posing a significant economic burden on households. To evaluate malaria economic burden in terms of both direct and indirect costs has its meaning in improving the effectiveness of malaria elimination program in China.

Methods: A number of study sites (eight counties in five provinces) were selected from the malaria endemic area in China, representing the different levels of malaria incidence, risk classification, economic development.

Influence of self-reported chronic rhinosinusitis on health-related quality of life: a population-based survey.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a frequently occurring chronic respiratory disease. There is evidence that effective treatment of CRS can improve patients' quality of life, but the data regarding the extent to which CRS impairs patients' quality of life (QoL) is sparse. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of self-reported CRS on health-related QoL and to determine whether the influence was associated with gender, age and socio-economic status.

Neuropsychological performance in bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar depression patients: a longitudinal, naturalistic study.

Background: It has been suggested that cognitive deficits existed in mood disorders. Nevertheless, whether neuropsychological profiles differ three main subtypes of mood disorder (Bipolar I, Bipolar II and UP) remain understudied because most current studies include either mixed samples of bipolar I and bipolar II patients or mixed samples of different states of the illness. The main aim of the present study is to determine whether, or to some extent, specific cognitive domains could differentiate the main subtypes of mood disorders in the depressed and clinically remitted status.

[Study on the ecological association between natural radioactivity and childhood leukemia in Guangdong province].

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the ecological association between terrestrial natural radionuclide, indoor radon concentration, natural radioactivity and leukemia incidence among children under 18 years of age.

Methods: Data were gathered from the disease surveillance program and literature reading while software SPSS 13.0 was used to calculate the Spearman's correlation.

Prevalence of fatty liver disease and its risk factors in the population of South China.

Aim: To investigate the population-based prevalence of fatty liver disease (FLD) and its risk factors in Guangdong Province, China.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey with multiple-stage stratified cluster and random sampling of inhabitants over 7-year-old was performed in 6 urban and rural areas of Guangdong Province, China. Questionnaires, designed by co-working of epidemiologists and hepatologists, included demographic characteristics, current medication use, medical history and health-relevant behaviors, i.