Effects of irrigation and organic fertilizer on pumpkin yield, quality, and water-fertilizer use efficiency in arid northwest China.

Due to the increasing water scarcity and the need for sustainable agricultural practices in arid regions, optimizing water and fertilizer management is crucial for enhancing crop productivity and resource efficiency. Field experiments in 2022 and 2023 in northwestern China's arid region explored the impacts of irrigation volume, organic fertilizer use, and their coupling on pumpkin yield, quality, and water-fertilizer efficiency. The study included ten treatments with a completely randomized two-factor design, comprising three irrigation quotas, three organic fertilizer application rates and a control group (CK).

Ultrasound-triggered topical oxygen delivery enhances synergistic sonodynamic and antibody therapies against hypoxic gastric cancer.

Hypoxia is a common feature of malignant tumors, which can accelerate tumor growth and reduce the sensitivity of chemotherapy and sonodynamic therapy by activating the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathway. In HER2-positive gastric cancer, HER2 overexpression enhances HIF-1α synthesis, exacerbating hypoxia and impairing sonodynamic therapy. It also reduces trastuzumab-mediated antibody-dependent cytotoxicity, significantly compromising therapeutic outcomes.

Combined Detection of Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Interleukin-6 for Evaluating Therapeutic Efficacy in Major Depressive Disorder.

The assessment of major depressive disorder (MDD) treatment efficacy typically relies on clinician-rated scales of depressive symptoms with a notable absence of predictive biomarkers. In this study, a concentration ratio of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to interleukin-6 (IL-6) was identified as a promising predictive biomarker. To overcome the significant disparity in blood levels between BDNF (ng·mL range) and IL-6 (pg·mL range), a dual-pathway signal amplification method involving small carbon dots (Fe-CDs and Pb-CDs) was employed.

Super Strong Bonding at the Interface between ETL and Perovskite for Robust Flexible Optoelectronic Devices.

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have demonstrated great potential for flexible optoelectronic devices due to their superior optoelectronic properties and structural flexibility. However, mechanical deformation-induced cracks at the buried interface and delamination from the substrate severely constrain the optoelectronic performance and device lifespan. Here, we design a two-site bonding strategy aiming to reinforce the mechanical stability of the SnO/perovskite interface and perovskite layer using a multifunctional organic salt, 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazine hydrochloride (TPH).

Sus scrofa RNase L inhibits PRRSV replication by activation of type I IFN signaling pathway and apoptosis.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has become one of the most economically important diseases to the global pig industry. RNase L is a ubiquitous cellular endoribonuclease that is activated upon the binding of a specific ligand, 2',5'-linked oligoadenylates (2-5 A), which is synthesized by oligoadenylate synthetases (OASs). However, whether Sus scrofa RNase L (sRNase L) could inhibit PRRSV replication and its mechanism have not been fully elucidated.

Contrasting Responses of Smoke Dispersion and Fire Emissions to Aerosol-Radiation Interaction during the Largest Australian Wildfires in 2019-2020.

The record-breaking 2019-2020 Australian wildfires have been primarily linked to climate change and its internal variability. However, the meteorological feedback mechanisms affecting smoke dispersion and wildfire emissions on a synoptic scale remain unclear. This study focused on the largest wildfires occurring between December 25, 2019 and January 10, 2020, under the enhanced subtropical high, when the double peak in wildfire evolution was favored by sustained low humidity and two synchronous increases in temperature and wind.

Organic fertilizer increases pumpkin production by improving soil fertility.

Compared with long-term and continuous application of large amounts of chemical fertilizers, fertilizers with microbial organic nutrient sources can improve soil environment, increase soil fertility and increase crop yield. In view of the current low soil fertility and poor soil environment leading to low crop yield and instability in the arid regions of northwest China, the effects of organic fertilizer with microbial nutrient sources on soil nutrients and pumpkin yield were studied in 2022 and 2023 in this region. The fertilizer application level was used as control factor, with four treatments of low level (L), medium level (M), high level (H), and a conventional fertilizer control (CK).

Comparative Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Radiofrequency Ablation of Ganglionated Plexi Guided by High-Frequency Stimulation and Anatomical Localization Methods in the Treatment of Vagal Syncope in Young People.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the differences in safety and efficacy between high-frequency stimulation (HFS) and anatomically guided endocardial catheter ablation (AA) of the ganglionated plexi (GPs) for treating vasovagal syncope (VVS) in individuals engaged in high-intensity physical training.

Methods: Forty-five patients (age 22.5 ± 4.

Th17/Treg cell balance in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a new potential biomarker and therapeutic target.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common subtype of thyroid carcinoma. The most effective treatment for PTC is surgical resection, and patients who undergo surgery have good survival outcomes, but some patients have distant metastasis or even multiorgan metastases at the time of initial diagnosis. Distant metastasis is associated with poorer prognosis and a higher mortality rate.

Hybridization promotes growth performance by altering rumen microbiota and metabolites in sheep.

Hybridization can substantially improve growth performance. This study used metagenomics and metabolome sequencing to examine whether the rumen microbiota and its metabolites contributed to this phenomenon. We selected 48 approximately 3 month-old male ♂Hu × ♀Hu (HH,  = 16), ♂Poll Dorset × ♀Hu (DH,  = 16), and ♂Southdown × ♀Hu (SH,  = 16) lambs having similar body weight.

Research on entity relation extraction for Chinese medical text.

Currently, the primary challenges in entity relation extraction are the existence of overlapping relations and cascading errors. In addressing these issues, both CasRel and TPLinker have demonstrated their competitiveness. This study aims to explore the application of these two models in the context of entity relation extraction from Chinese medical text.

An improved data augmentation approach and its application in medical named entity recognition.

Performing data augmentation in medical named entity recognition (NER) is crucial due to the unique challenges posed by this field. Medical data is characterized by high acquisition costs, specialized terminology, imbalanced distributions, and limited training resources. These factors make achieving high performance in medical NER particularly difficult.

ASReml-based estimation of early genetic parameters in hybrid mutton sheep populations.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of non-genetic factors on the estimation of genetic parameters of early growth traits in hybrid mutton sheep using ASReml software, in order to provide theoretical basis for screening the optimal hybriding combinations and accelerating the breeding process of new breeds of specialized housed-feeding mutton sheep. We selected the wellgrown hybrid Southhu (Southdown × Hu sheep) and Dorhu (Dorset × Hu sheep) sheep as the research objects, constructed weight correction formulae for SH and DH sheep at 60 and 180 days; and used ASReml software to investigate the effects of non-genetic factors on the estimation of genetic parameters of early growth traits in hybrid sheep. The results showed that the birth month and birth type were found significant for all traits ( < 0.

Inhibition of DDR1 promotes ferroptosis and overcomes gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.

Gefitinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), which serves the critical pillar for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the acquired resistance remains a challenge for its clinical application, for which, practical strategies to reverse gefitinib resistance in NSCLC are necessary. Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death driven by ferritin-dependent lipid peroxidation, involves in NSCLC progression and related chemoresistance.

Dual-Confinement and Surface-Ionization Induced Controllable Regulate Visible-Light-Activated Colorful Afterglow of Carbon Dots for Multifunctional Applications.

Low-energy visible-light-activated carbon dots (CDs)-based afterglow materials are difficult to realize due to the inherent aromatic carbon with high-energy absorption and the lack of effective regulation. Here, a new strategy for visible-light-activated CDs is proposed by combining dual-confinement and surface-ionization, which employs NaOH for additional confinement and surface ionization of CDs in a single boric acid (BA) matrix. The comparison experiments show that: i) shifting the excitation from UV-light to vis-light is realized by enhancing the low-energy surface states n→π* transition of the CDs by surface ionization of NaOH.

Inhibition of differentiation of monocyte-derived macrophages toward an M2-Like phenotype May Be a neglected mechanism of β-AR receptor blocker therapy for atherosclerosis.

The clinical efficacy of adrenergic β-receptor (β-AR) blockers in significantly stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques has been extensively supported by evidence-based medical research; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recent findings have highlighted the impact of lipid-induced aberrant polarization of macrophages during normal inflammatory-repair and regenerative processes on atherosclerosis formation and progression. In this review, we explore the relationship between macrophage polarization and atherosclerosis, as well as the influence of β-AR blockers on macrophage polarization.

Optimized sand tube irrigation combined with nitrogen application improves jujube yield as well as water and nitrogen use efficiencies in an arid desert region of Northwest China.

Efficient water-saving irrigation techniques and appropriate nitrogen (N) application are keys to solving the problems of water scarcity and irrational fertilization in jujube cultivation. In this study, first, the effects of sand tube irrigation (STI) on surface and subsurface wetted characteristics were investigated using infiltration tests in a jujube garden. Compared with surface drip irrigation (SD), STI reduced surface wetted area by 57.

Discovery of a prominent dual-target DDR1/EGFR inhibitor aimed DDR1/EGFR-positive NSCLC.

This study aimed to develop the first dual-target small molecule inhibitor concurrently targeting Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) and Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which play a crucial interdependent roles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), demonstrating a synergistic inhibitory effect. A series of innovative dual-target inhibitors for DDR1 and EGFR were discovered. These compounds were designed and synthesized using structural optimization strategies based on the lead compound BZF02, employing 4,6-pyrimidine diamine as the core scaffold, followed by an investigation of their biological activities.

Metabolic Traits and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Japanese and European Populations: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

The role of metabolic traits in ischemic stroke (IS) has been explored through observational studies and a few Mendelian randomization (MR) studies employing limited methods in European populations. This study aimed to investigate the causal effects of metabolic traits on IS in both East Asian and European populations utilizing multiple MR methods based on genetic insights. Two-sample and multivariable MR were performed, and MR estimates were calculated as inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and penalized weighted median.

Prevention of dementia using mobile phone applications (PRODEMOS): a multinational, randomised, controlled effectiveness-implementation trial.

Background: The expected increase of dementia prevalence in the coming decades will mainly be in low-income and middle-income countries and in people with low socioeconomic status in high-income countries. This study aims to reduce dementia risk factors in underserved populations at high-risk using a coach-supported mobile health (mHealth) intervention.

Methods: This open-label, blinded endpoint, hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomised controlled trial (RCT) investigated whether a coach-supported mHealth intervention can reduce dementia risk in people aged 55-75 years of low socioeconomic status in the UK or from the general population in China with at least two dementia risk factors.

Comprehensive evaluation of the water-fertilizer coupling effects on pumpkin under different irrigation volumes.

Compared to conventional irrigation and fertilization, the Water-fertilizer coupling can significantly enhance the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing yield. Targeting the challenges of poor crop growth, low yield, and inefficient water and fertilizer utilization in the arid region of northwest China under conventional irrigation and fertilization practices. Therefore, a two-year on-farm experiment in 2022 and 2023 was conducted to study the effects of water-fertilizer coupling regulation on pumpkin growth, yield, water consumption (ET), and water and fertilizer use efficiency.

The role and mechanism of PDZ binding kinase in hypobaric and hypoxic acute lung injury.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) caused by hypobaric hypoxia (HH) is frequently observed in high-altitude areas, and it is one of the leading causes of death in high-altitude-related diseases due to its rapid onset and progression. However, the pathogenesis of HH-related ALI (HHALI) remains unclear, and effective treatment approaches are currently lacking.

Methods: A new mouse model of HHALI developed by our laboratory was used as the study subject (Chinese patent No.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel benzothiazole derivatives as potential anticancer and antiinflammatory agents.

Cancer, a significant global health concern, necessitates innovative treatments. The pivotal role of chronic inflammation in cancer development underscores the urgency for novel therapeutic strategies. Benzothiazole derivatives exhibit promise due to their distinctive structures and broad spectrum of biological effects.

Regulation of CTLs/Tregs via Highly Stable and Ultrasound-Responsive Cerasomal Nano-Modulators for Enhanced Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy is showing good potential for colorectal cancer therapy, however, low responsive rates and severe immune-related drug side effects still hamper its therapeutic effectiveness. Herein, a highly stable cerasomal nano-modulator (DMC@P-Cs) with ultrasound (US)-controlled drug delivery capability for selective sonodynamic-immunotherapy is fabricated. DMC@P-Cs' lipid bilayer is self-assembled from cerasome-forming lipid (CFL), pyrophaeophorbid conjugated lipid (PL), and phospholipids containing unsaturated chemical bonds (DOPC), resulting in US-responsive lipid shell.