Hypoxia-reduced YAP phosphorylation enhances expression of Mucin5AC in nasal epithelial cells of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an upper respiratory disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the nasal mucosa. However, the mechanism of abnormal Mucin5AC expression by CRSwNP epithelial cells is not fully understood.

Objective: We investigated the potential role of yes-associated protein (YAP) underlying the mechanism of excessive epithelial Mucin5AC expression in CRSwNP in a hypoxic model.

Malvidin From Ameliorates Allergic Responses in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Mouse Model via the STAT6/GATA3 Pathway.

Background: L. (commonly known as mallow) has been widely used in traditional Tibetan formulations to treat allergic rhinitis (AR), and malvidin is a key anti-inflammation constituent of this plant.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect and mechanism of malvidin in an AR mouse model.

Novel prognostic biomarkers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma unveiled by mega-data bioinformatics analysis.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage with a high incidence rate in Southeast Asia and Southeast China. However, the limited availability of NPC patient survival data in public databases has resulted in less rigorous studies examining the prediction of NPC survival through construction of Kaplan-Meier curves. These studies have primarily relied on small samples of NPC patients with progression-free survival (PFS) information or data from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) studies almost without NPC patients.

The oxidant-antioxidant imbalance was involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Although oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiological process of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), the specific underlying mechanism is still unclear. Whether antioxidant therapy can treat CRSwNP needs further investigation.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses were performed to detect the distribution and expression of oxidants and antioxidants in nasal polyp tissues.

Comparative analysis of transnasal endoscopic reconstruction techniques for managing cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea in skull base defects.

The nasal skull base is located into the deep position of nasal cavity and closely related to important nerves and vessels. The complete removal of tumors in this area poses a complex surgical challenge.In order to investigate the clinical efficacy of utilizing free middle turbinate mucosa (FMT), fascia lata, and pedicled nasal septum flap (known as the Hadad-Bassagasteguy flap, HBF) for the treatment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, a retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 65 patients who underwent skull base reconstruction following endoscopic resection of nasal-skull base tumors.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α activates the NLRP3 inflammasome to regulate epithelial differentiation in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an upper airway inflammation disease associated with hypoxia-mediated inflammation. The effect of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) on NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of sinonasal mucosa is unclear.

Objective: We investigated the effect and mechanism of HIF-1α on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the primary human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs).

Synergistic Effect of Combined Treatment with Allicin and Antioxidant of Bamboo Leaves and Preservation of Bullfrogs () during Refrigeration Storage.

The effects of allicin and antioxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB) on the quality of bullfrogs () during refrigerated storage (4 °C) were investigated. The quality changes in samples treated with deionized water (CK), allicin solution (All), antioxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB), and allicin solution combined with AOB solution (AA) in microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory evaluation were analyzed, respectively. The results demonstrated that combination treatment inhibited the increase in total viable counts, delayed the decrease in amino acid content, and retarded the sensory deterioration.

Crocin Inhibits the Type 2 Inflammatory Response Produced by ILC2s in Eosinophilic Nasal Polyps.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is subdivided into type 1 and type 2 inflammatory responses according to the mucosal inflammatory patterns. Crocin can reduce the level of T-helper type 2 cell (Th2) cytokines, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), and inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in type 2 inflammation in eosinophilic nasal polyps and the inhibitory effect of crocin on this inflammation.

Glutamine Availability Regulates the Development of Aging Mediated by mTOR Signaling and Autophagy.

Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid involved in energy production and redox homeostasis. Aging is commonly characterized by energy generation reduction and redox homeostasis dysfunction. Various aging-related diseases have been reported to be accompanied by glutamine exhaustion.

The role of hypoxia in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal cavity characterized by excessive nasal mucus secretion and nasal congestion. The development of CRS is related to pathological mechanisms induced by hypoxia. Under hypoxic conditions, the stable expression of both Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) α and HIF-2α are involved in the immune response and inflammatory pathways of CRS.

Transformation of Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma into Osteosarcoma after Radiotherapy and Nine Endoscopic Surgeries.

Cemento-ossifying fibromas (COFs) are benign fibro-osseous tumors usually found in the mandible and maxilla that can show malignancy in rare situations. COFs usually grow slowly and asymptomatically until they produce local bulges, pain, headaches, and visual impairment, and have a Ki-67 index within 3%, even in aggressive and recurrent cases. Surgical resection can usually provide a satisfactory prognosis.

Optimization of miR-22 expression cassette for rAAV delivery on diabetes.

MicroRNA-22 (miR-22) was suggested to be important for type 2 diabetes but its functions for this disease remained unclear. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-mediated miR delivery is a powerful approach to study miR functions in vivo, however, the overexpression of miR-22 by rAAV remains challenging because it is one of the most abundant miRs in the liver. In this study, a series of expression cassettes were designed and compared.

EB virus-induced ATR activation accelerates nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth via M2-type macrophages polarization.

Chronic inflammation induced by persistent viruses infection plays an essential role in tumor progression, which influenced on the interaction between the tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. Our earlier study showed that ATR, a key kinase participant in single-stranded DNA damage response (DDR), was obviously activated by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, how EBV-induced ATR activation promotes NPC by influencing inflammatory microenvironment, such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), remains elusive.

Myeloid sarcoma of the nasal cavity in a 15-month-old child: A case report.

Introduction: Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare tumor mass. It may occur at any extramedullary anatomic sites but is uncommon in the sinonasal location.MS commonly presents concurrently with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but it may predate AML over several months or years, named isolated MS.

Prognostic Value Of The Preoperative Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio In Patients With Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: This study explored the effectiveness of a new inflammatory prognostic system, using preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to predict the postoperative survival rate of patients with sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC).

Methods: Patients diagnosed with SSCC who undergone surgically treated without neoadjuvant therapy were included in the study between May 2008 and October 2017. Preoperative NLR is defined as: preoperative neutrophil/postoperative lymphocyte ratio.

Correction: May the change of platelet to lymphocyte ratio be a prognostic factor for T3-T4 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Intraoperative Repair of Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea in Skull Base Tumor Resection: A Retrospective Study of Acellular Dermal Matrix Versus Turbinate Flap.

Background: The acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and turbinate flap (TF) have been widely used in the reconstruction of skull base defects. However, owing to the lack of reported data, the therapeutic effects have been controversial. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of the ADM and TF on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea after nasal endoscopic resection of a skull base tumor.

Effect of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Versus Plasma Radiofrequency Ablation on Recurrent Allergic Rhinitis.

BACKGROUND High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and plasma radiofrequency ablation (PRA) have been used to treat recurrent allergic rhinitis (AR); however, there is a lack of literature comparing the efficacy of these 2 methods. We assessed and compared the therapeutic effects of HIFU and PRA on recurrent AR. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 66 patients with recurrent AR at West China Hospital of Sichuan University.

Application of high expansion degradable cotton in nasal bleeding model of dog.

Background: The discomfort and complications have always been problems for nasal packing materials. This study provided a new nasal packing material called high expansion degradable cotton (HEDC).

Methods: Nasal endoscopic surgery was used to establish a dog model of nasal bleeding, and wound surfaces were filled with Merocel, Nasopore and HEDC, respectively.

Risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection in children with tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration.

The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children caused by tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration (TFBA).A total of 351 patients were retrospectively reviewed; all patients were diagnosed with TFBA at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2017. Univariate analyses and multivariate analysis were used.