The mechanism of curcumin protecting against IL-1β-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in chondrocytes via the Bmp2/Smad5/Runx2 pathway.

A core role of chondrocyte survival/death has been suggested in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. We explored the underlying molecular mechanism of curcumin protecting against interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced chondrocyte injury via the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2)/small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 5 (Smad5)/runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) pathway. Chondrocytes ATDC5 in vitro inflammatory model was established by IL-1β induction, and treated with curcumin, or Smad5 small interfering RNA.

Notopterol mitigates osteoarthritis progression and relieves pain in mice by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/GPX4-mediated ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis-induced lipid peroxidation in chondrocytes exacerbates intra-articular inflammation, oxidative stress, and articular cartilage degradation, accelerating osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant interventions can alleviate both joint pain and cartilage damage. This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic effects of Notopterol (NP), a bioactive compound extracted from the rhizome of Notopterygium incisum, a traditional Chinese medicine known for its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, in treating OA.

Accelerated photonic design of coolhouse film for photosynthesis via machine learning.

Controlling the suitable light, temperature, and water is essential for plant photosynthesis. While greenhouses/warm-houses are effective in cold or dry climates by creating warm, humid environments, a cool-house that provides a cool local environment with minimal energy and water consumption is highly desirable but has yet to be realized in hot, water-scarce regions. Here, using a synergistic genetic algorithm and machine learning, we propose and demonstrate a coolhouse film that regulates temperature and water for photosynthesis without requiring additional energy or water.

Associations of Mid- and Late-Life Fasting Blood Glucose Levels With Dementia Risk Among Patients With Diabetes: Framingham Heart Study.

Background: Diabetes is an established risk factor for dementia. However, the association has been less consistent at the population level and may vary over the lifespan. The impacts may be influenced by glucose fluctuation over lifetime.

Analgesic Quality Improvement in Paravertebral Blocks for Pediatric Nuss Procedure: An Exploratory Report on the Effects of Perineural Combined Glucocorticoids.

Purpose: Pectus excavatum repair using the Nuss procedure is associated with significant postoperative opioid consumption even in the presence of a continuous thoracic paravertebral block.

Patients And Methods: A CQI project was initiated by adding combined glucocorticoids as perineural adjuvants to continuous thoracic paravertebral block. An electronic health record review of patients undergoing Nuss procedures by a single surgeon at a major academic children's hospital from June 2013 to December 2021 was performed with no patients excluded.

CARP VIII antibody-related autoimmune cerebellar ataxia in a child after infection: a case report.

Autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA) is a cerebellar syndrome induced by autoimmune reactions and its onset is induced by malignant tumors, prodromic infection, and gluten allergy. Its clinical symptoms include gait disorder, limb ataxia, dysarthria, and dysphagia. According to , the diagnosis of ACA is based on the following points: 1.

Molecular H as the Reducing Agent in Low-Temperature Oxide Reduction Using Calcium Hydride.

Low-temperature synthesis is crucial for advancing sustainable manufacturing and accessing novel metastable phases. Metal hydrides have shown great potential in facilitating the reduction of oxides at low temperatures, yet the underlying mechanism─whether driven by H, H, or atomic H─remains unclear. In this study, we employ electrical transport measurements and first-principles calculations to investigate the CaH-driven reduction kinetics in epitaxial α-FeO thin films.

Continuous Adductor Canal Block Compared to Epidural Anesthesia for Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of a postoperative continuous adductor canal block (cACB) with and without a steroid adjuvant to that of epidural analgesia (EA).

Methods: Patients who underwent primary total TKA at a single institution between July 2011-November 2017 were included for retrospective analysis. TKA patients were stratified into one of the three analgesia approaches: EA, cACB without steroid adjuvant, and cACB with steroid adjuvant.

Seawater alkalization via an energy-efficient electrochemical process for CO capture.

Electrochemical pH-swing strategies offer a promising avenue for cost-effective and energy-efficient carbon dioxide (CO) capture, surpassing the traditional thermally activated processes and humidity-sensitive techniques. The concept of elevating seawater's alkalinity for scalable CO capture without introducing additional chemical as reactant is particularly intriguing due to its minimal environmental impact. However, current commercial plants like chlor-alkali process or water electrolysis demand high thermodynamic voltages of 2.

Meta-analysis: The utility of the anterior quadratus lumborum block in abdominal surgery.

Background: Regional anesthesia is routinely used in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery pathways to improve post-operative recovery times. No consensus has been reached on optimal block type. This study reviews the current literature as it pertains to the anterior quadratus lumborum (aQL) block in all abdominal surgeries, as well as its efficacy compared to the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block.

High-Current Water-Enabled Electricity Generation in Mushrooms via Synergistic Ion Sieving and Adsorption.

Water-enabled electricity generation (WEG), which harvests energy from the natural water cycle, is a novel strategy for producing green electricity. Taking advantage of the ion sieving effect based on evaporation-induced water flows in charged nanopores, various WEG devices have been developed. Here, we report that a carbonized mushroom produces a record-high current output of up to 96.

Quantitative proteomic analysis reveals hub proteins for high temperature-induced male sterility in bread wheat ( L.).

High-temperature (HT) stress can induce male sterility in wheat; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study examined proteomic alterations across three developmental stages between normal and HT-induced male-sterile (HT-ms) anthers in wheat. Utilizing tandem mass tags-based proteomics, we identified 2532 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs): 27 in the tetrad stage, 157 in the binuclear stage, and 2348 in the trinuclear stage.

Full-Spectrum Light-Harvesting Solar Thermal Electrocatalyst Boosts Oxygen Evolution.

Enabling high-efficiency solar thermal conversion (STC) at catalytic active site is critical but challenging for harnessing solar energy to boost catalytic reactions. Herein, we report the direct integration of full-spectrum STC and high electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity by fabricating a hierarchical nanocage architecture composed of graphene-encapsulated CoNi nanoparticle. This catalyst exhibits a near-complete 98 % absorptivity of solar spectrum and a high STC efficiency of 97 %, which is superior than previous solar thermal catalytic materials.

Fascial Plane Blocks With Glucocorticoids or Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Local Infiltration for Laparoscopic Non-donor Nephrectomy: A Propensity Score-Weighted Study.

Study objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided fascial plane blocks (FPBs) versus local infiltration in patients undergoing laparoscopic non-donor nephrectomy. This study specifically compares the efficacy of FPBs with liposomal bupivacaine (LB) versus FPBs with dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DXP) and methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) versus surgical site local anesthetic infiltration without FPBs.  Design This is a retrospective cohort study conducted over a five-year period (January 2018-December 2022).

Optically selective catalyst design with minimized thermal emission for facilitating photothermal catalysis.

Converting solar energy into fuels is pursued as an attractive route to reduce dependence on fossil fuel. In this context, photothermal catalysis is a very promising approach through converting photons into heat to drive catalytic reactions. There are mainly three key factors that govern the photothermal catalysis performance: maximized solar absorption, minimized thermal emission and excellent catalytic property of catalyst.

A Single Center Exploratory Survey of Patients and Nurses on post-Surgical Oral Opioid Delivery Through Patient-Controlled Analgesia.

Background: The most common route of opioid delivery is nurse-administered pills. However, there are numerous challenges such as nursing burden, opioid diversion, medication delay, and patient dissatisfaction. In this study, we conducted two surveys, first to assess patients' and nurses' opinions on the current administration of opioids in pill form, followed by their attitudes towards an innovative concept of oral medication delivery based on a medical device currently undergoing research and development within the University, patient-controlled dispenser and deactivator (PCDD) that allows patients to self-administer liquid oral opioids on demand based on physician prescription.

Size Dependence of Ultrafast Electron Transfer from Didodecyl Dimethylammonium Bromide-Modified CsPbBr Nanocrystals to Electron Acceptors.

Charge transfer efficiencies in all-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are crucial for applications in photovoltaics and photocatalysis. Herein, CsPbBr NCs with different sizes are synthesized by varying the ligand contents of didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide at room temperature. Adding benzoquinone (BQ) molecules leads to a decrease in the PL intensities and PL decay times in NCs.

BMI, weight change, appetite reduction and cognitive impairment of elderly patients with diabetes.

Body weight is related to both diabetes and cognitive impairment; however, the associations between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive impairment have been reported less frequently among diabetes patients. A total of 1355 patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 60 years were included in this study. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was administered to assess participants' cognitive status.

UV-barrier poly(lactic acid) film with light-stabilized Eu complexes as filler.

The poor UV shielding property of PLA limit it further applications on food packaging. The rare-earth complex Eu(DBM)phen converts absorbed ultraviolet (UV) light to red light, which inspires the development of new UV shielding materials. However, this complex has low photostability and decomposes easily under UV irradiation.