Unravelling the prognostic and operative role of intratumoural microbiota in non-small cell lung cancer: Insights from 16S rRNA and RNA sequencing.

Background: Complex interrelationships between the microbiota and cancer have been identified by several studies. However, despite delineating microbial composition in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), key pathogenic microbiota and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: We performed 16S rRNA V3-V4 amplicon and transcriptome sequencing on cancerous and adjacent normal tissue samples from 30 patients with NSCLC, from which clinical characteristics and prognosis outcomes were collected.

Psychometric evaluation of the chinese version of transgender congruence scale.

Background: In China, research on the mental health of transgender populations is increasingly prevalent; however, there is a lack of localized psychological measurement tools that align with the characteristics of this population. The Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS) is widely used internationally. This study aims to assess the reliability, validity, and psychometric characteristics of the Chinese version of the TCS among the Chinese transgender sample.

Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral β-Amino Phosphorus Derivatives via Nickel-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation.

Compared with chiral β-amino phosphorus compounds, which can be easily derived from natural optically pure α-amino acids, obtaining chiral β-amino phosphorus derivatives remains a challenge. These derivatives, which cannot be derived from chiral natural amino acids, possess unique biological activities or potential catalytic activities. Herein, highly enantioselective hydrogenation for the preparation of chiral β-amino phosphorus derivatives from -β-enamido phosphorus compounds is reported by using a green and low-cost earth-abundant metal nickel catalyst (13 examples of 99% ee).

Hidden Giant of Embedded Plastics in China.

Combating plastic pollution requires an understanding of the complex intersectoral flows of plastics and related products. In this study, we develop an inventory of 150 categories of products consisting of/containing plastics based on bottom-up analysis and establish a plastics input-output material flow analysis (PIO-MFA) model that reveals intersectoral flows, sectoral consumption, exports, and stocks of embedded plastics. In 2018, consumption-based plastic usage in China reached 140 million tons (Mt), with 123.

Heavy metal pollution from standardized e-waste dismantling activities: Pollution index, risk assessment and intervening measures.

Due to the e-waste complexity and recycling technology limitations, more and more attention has been paid to the inevitable pollution in the standardized recycling process. This study systematically explores the heavy metals (HMs) (from surface dust) pollution characteristics and exposure risk of a typical e-waste dismantling plant (EDP) in South China. Further, this study explores the real level of health risks through valence analysis of a typical HM (Cr), and seeks effective measures to reduce exposure risk through behavioral science methods.

Energy Metabolite, Immunity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Rumen Microbiota Differences Between Ewes in Late Gestation Carrying Single, Twin, and Triplet Fetuses.

The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in the energy metabolites, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and rumen microbiota of ewes with different numbers of fetuses. Thirty healthy ewes were selected and divided into single- (SL, = 10), twin- (TL, = 10), and triplet-fetal (PL, = 10) ewes according to the number of fetuses. Sampling was carried out on days 21 (Q21) and 7 (Q7) before lambing.

Fostering the waste management with environmental-resource interacting attribute.

Effective waste management is essential for achieving sustainability, yet challenges persist in resource recovery and mitigating environmental impacts. The environmental-resource interacting attribute framework quantifies these difficulties in waste processes, revealing attribute bias and guiding treatment pathway selection. Here we analyze twelve waste categories and reveal significant variability in recyclability and environmental impact.

Attosecond-precision timing jitter measurement based on temporal sampling method.

We propose a timing jitter measurement scheme based on the temporal sampling method. This scheme offers a wide dynamic range and high measurement accuracy for measuring timing jitter between pulses, allowing for attosecond precision in measuring timing jitter of ultrashort pulses with short and long pulse duration. By utilizing a balanced measuring configuration, this scheme is naturally immune to the environmental and laser amplitude noises, and has been successfully used to measure timing jitter of two femtosecond pulses.

Recycle or Not? An Exploration of Microplastic Generation During Plastic Processing via a Local Case Study.

Microplastic (MP), an emerging pollutant, has been identified as a critical target in tackling plastic pollution. Although a plethora of studies have explored MP generation from various sources, limited attention has been paid to plastic processing. This study investigated MP (10 μm-5 mm) generation in virgin and waste plastic extrusion processing.

Hypoxia-responsive liposome enhances intracellular delivery of photosensitizer for effective photodynamic therapy.

Liposomes, especially polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified long-circulating liposomes, have been approved for market use, due to good biocompatibility, passive tumor targeting, and sustained drug release. PEG-modified long-circulating liposomes address issues such as poor stability and rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system. However, they still face challenges like hindering drug uptake by tumor cells and preventing tumor penetration.

Longitudinal Trends of Comorbidities and Survival Among Kidney Cancer Patients in Asian Population.

Background: Comorbidity could influence cancer diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, or survival. Although comorbidity burden in kidney cancer patients is high, limited evidence exists on the longitudinal patterns of individual comorbidity prevalence and its impact on overall survival among kidney cancer patients, particularly in Asian populations.

Methods: We included adults diagnosed with kidney cancer between 2010 and 2021 using the Korean nationwide health insurance database.

Calcium Channel Blocker Versus Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitor in Risk of Kidney Cancer Among Patients With Hypertension: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Use of antihypertensive medications could be associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer. Despite their various mechanisms of action, whether this association differs between different classes of medications remains unclear.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the risk of kidney cancer between first-line treatment options of antihypertensive medications in a hypertensive population.

Study on the Adsorption Mechanism of Cu by ZnAl-LDH-Containing Exchangeable Interlayer Chloride Ions.

Different Zn/Al ratios of Cl intercalated ZnAl-layered double hydroxide (ZnAl-LDH) were prepared using the coprecipitation method, and their adsorption performance for Cu in aqueous solution was evaluated. The factors affecting adsorption properties, such as dosage, reaction time, and pH, were determined by adsorption experiments. Then, the adsorption kinetics and isotherm models were fitted to evaluate the adsorption mechanism.

Accessing the Impact of TikTok's Algorithm on Regional Inequality in Health Information.

This study aims to audit the potential algorithmic bias in TikTok's health-related video recommendation toward geographically diverse groups in China. We employed 120 cloud phones and conducted two agent-based testing experiments simulating users' geographical locations and online behaviors. The results indicated significant regional inequality in video sources recommended by the TikTok algorithm, (118) = 3.

Topologically Close-Packed Frank-Kasper C15 Phase Intermetallic Ir Alloy Electrocatalysts Enables High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer.

Chemical synthesis of unconventional topologically close-packed intermetallic nanocrystals (NCs) remains a considerable challenge due to the limitation of large volume asymmetry between the components. Here, a series of unconventional intermetallic Frank-Kasper C15 phase IrM (M = rare earth metals La, Ce, Gd, Tb, Tm) NCs is successfully prepared via a molten-salt assisted reduction method as efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Compared to the disordered counterpart (A1-IrCe), C15-IrCe features higher Ir-Ce coordination number that leads to an electron-rich environment for Ir sites.

Debates over the role of Traditional Chinese Medicine on COVID-19: A computational comparison between professionals and laypersons in Chinese online knowledge community.

Leveraging a large collection of textual data (N = 21,539) from a Chinese online community, we employed structural topic modeling to investigate the thematic disparities between professionals and laypersons, regarding the effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on COVID-19. Findings reveal that laypersons are the dominant communicators in terms of discussion volume, who often focus on relevant news events, societal or political aspects of TCM. In contrast, professionals keep concentrating on issues related to medical expertise, and do not shift attentions as frequent as laypersons.

The actin-binding protein drebrin disrupts NF2-LATS kinases complex assembly to facilitate liver tumorigenesis.

Background And Aims: The Hippo signaling has emerged as a crucial regulator of tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and tumorigenesis, representing a promising therapeutic target. Neurofibromin 2 (NF2), a component of Hippo signaling, is directly linked to human cancers but has been overlooked as a target for cancer therapy.

Approach And Results: Through a high-content RNA interference genome-wide screen, the actin-binding protein Drebrin (DBN1) has been identified as a novel modulator of YAP localization.

Dynamic Changes in the Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, Serum Parameters of Perinatal Ewes and Their Relationship with Rumen Microbiota.

Changes in physiological and biochemical parameters are crucial for the reproductive performance and health of perinatal ewes. This study investigated the temporal variations in feed intake, nutrient digestibility, serum parameters, and ruminal fermentation on days 21, 14, and 7 before lambing (Q21, Q14, and Q7) and days 3, 7, and 14 after lambing (H3, H7, and H14). The results showed that dry matter intake (DMI) and glucose (Glu) gradually decreased ( < 0.

ProcGCN: detecting malicious process in memory based on DGCNN.

The combination of memory forensics and deep learning for malware detection has achieved certain progress, but most existing methods convert process dump to images for classification, which is still based on process byte feature classification. After the malware is loaded into memory, the original byte features will change. Compared with byte features, function call features can represent the behaviors of malware more robustly.

Rethinking time-lagged emissions and abatement potential of fluorocarbons in the post-Kigali Amendment era.

The Montreal Protocol has been successful in safeguarding the ozone layer and curbing climate change. However, accurately estimating and reducing the time-lagged emissions of ozone-depleting substances or their substitutes, such as produced but not-yet-emitted fluorocarbon banks, remains a significant challenge. Here, we use a dynamic material flow analysis model to characterize the global stocks and flows of two fluorocarbon categories, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), from 1986 to 2060.