Guideline for the cognitive assessment and follow-up in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (2024 edition).

This practice guideline focuses on the cognitive assessment for mild cognitive impairment in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. To achieve the standardization and normalization of its clinical practice and generate individualized intervention, the National Core Cognitive Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, the Cognitive Disorders Branch of Chinese Geriatic Society, the Dementia Group of Neurology Branch of Guangdong Medical Association and specialists from Hong Kong and Macao developed guidelines based on China's actual conditions and efficiency, economic cost and accuracy. The article addresses the significance, background, and the process of the assessment and follow-up to realize the promotion and dissemination of cognitive assessment.

Safety and effectiveness of tunneled peripherally inserted central catheters versus conventional PICC in adult cancer patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of tunneled peripherally inserted central catheters (T-PICC) vs. conventional PICCs (C-PICC) in adult cancer patients.

Methods: A multicentre randomized controlled trial was conducted between April 2021 and January 2022 in seven hospitals in China.

Geographic differences in pharmacotherapy patterns and outcomes of acute ischemic stroke in China.

Background: Vast economic and healthcare status discrepancies exist among regions in China, contributing to different treatment patterns. This study was aimed to investigate the current status of pharmacotherapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and outcomes in China and explore the geographic variation in stroke care.

Methods: This study was a multicenter prospective registry study, which collected the data of patients with AIS from 80 hospitals in 46 cities in 2015-2017 across China.

Comparative study of the plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of trimethoprim in silky fowls and 817 broilers after single oral administration.

A comparative study was performed to investigate the differences in plasma pharmacokinetics (PKs) and tissue residues of trimethoprim (TMP) between silky fowls and 817 broilers. The 2 breeds of chickens received compound sulfadiazine suspension by gavage at 20 mg/kg (measured as TMP). Blood and tissue samples were collected at predetermined time points.

Effect of weekend versus weekday admission on the mortality of acute ischemic stroke patients in China: an analysis of data from the Chinese acute ischemic stroke treatment outcome registry.

Background: Due to disparities in medical resources in rural and urban areas as well as in different geographic regions in China, the effect of weekend versus weekday admission on the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is unknown. Our aim was to investigate whether the outcomes of AIS patients differ according to the day of admission in China.

Methods: The data were extracted from the Chinese Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment Outcome Registry (CASTOR), a multicenter prospective study database of patients diagnosed with AIS.

Periostin Protects Against Alcohol-related Liver Disease by Activating Autophagy by Interacting With Protein Disulfide Isomerase.

Background & Aims: The matricellular protein periostin plays a critical role in liver inflammation, fibrosis, and even carcinoma. Here, the biological function of periostin in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) was investigated.

Methods: We used wild-type (WT), Postn-null (Postn) mice and Postn mice with periostin recovery to investigate the biological function of periostin in ALD.

Corrigendum: Role of FOXO3 Activated by HIV-1 Tat in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder Neuronal Apoptosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.

[Clinical features and genetic analysis of a Chinese pedigree affected with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy].

Objective: To analyze the clinical features and variants of ABCD1 gene in a Chinese pedigree affected with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.

Methods: Clinical data of the proband were collected and analyzed. Potential variant of the ABCD1 gene were analyzed by PCR and Sanger sequencing of the proband, his parents and 100 unrelated healthy individuals.

Regional Differences in Hospital Costs of Acute Ischemic Stroke in China: Analysis of Data From the Chinese Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment Outcome Registry.

Studies on the regional differences in hospital costs of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are scarce in China. We aimed to explore the regional differences in hospital costs and identify the determinants of hospital costs in each region. Data were collected from the Chinese Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment Outcome Registry (CASTOR), a multicenter prospective study on patients diagnosed with AIS and hospitalized from 2015 to 2017.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Gene Family in .

( transcription factors, specific to plants, act as crucial regulators of plant organ growth and development. Here, we examined the (alfalfa) gene family (s) to analyze the structure and function of s using bioinformatics methods, and verify their abiotic stress responses through growth experiments. Twenty-seven genes were identified from the genome-wide data of nontransgenic alfalfa.

Predictors and Prognosis of Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Without Thrombolysis: Analysis of Data From the Chinese Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment Outcome Registry.

There is limited information on symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) in stroke patients without thrombolysis. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of sICH and the association between sICH and the prognosis at 3 and 12 months in acute ischemic stroke patients without thrombolysis. Data originated from the Chinese Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment Outcome Registry.

Glycyrrhizin Prevents Hemorrhagic Transformation and Improves Neurological Outcome in Ischemic Stroke with Delayed Thrombolysis Through Targeting Peroxynitrite-Mediated HMGB1 Signaling.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO) and high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) are important cytotoxic factors contributing to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the roles of ONOO in mediating HMGB1 expression and its impacts on hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in ischemic brain injury with delayed t-PA treatment remain unclear. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that ONOO could directly mediate the activation and release of HMGB1 in ischemic brains with delayed t-PA treatment.

Role of FOXO3 Activated by HIV-1 Tat in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder Neuronal Apoptosis.

There are numerous types of pathological changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), including apoptosis of neurons. HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein, which is encoded by HIV-1, may promote apoptosis in HAND. Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) is a multispecific transcription factor that has roles in many biological processes, including cellular apoptosis.

Inhibition of Peroxynitrite-Induced Mitophagy Activation Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Activated autophagy/mitophagy has been intensively observed in ischemic brain, but its roles remain controversial. Peroxynitrite (ONOO), as a representative of reactive nitrogen species, is considered as a critical neurotoxic factor in mediating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, but its roles in autophagy/mitophagy activation remain unclear. Herein, we hypothesized that ONOO could induce PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy activation via triggering dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) recruitment to damaged mitochondria, contributing to cerebral I/R injury.

Baicalin Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Hemorrhagic Transformation and Improves Neurological Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Rats with Delayed t-PA Treatment: Involvement of ONOO-MMP-9 Pathway.

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) has a restrictive therapeutic window within 4.5 h after ischemic stroke with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and neurotoxicity when it is used beyond the time window. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that baicalin, an active compound of medicinal plant, could attenuate HT in cerebral ischemia stroke with delayed t-PA treatment.

HIV-1 Tat inhibits EAAT-2 through AEG-1 upregulation in models of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.

During HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), decreasing in excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT-2) in astrocyte plasma membranes leads to elevated levels of extracellular glutamate and, in turn, neuronal apoptosis. We used immunohistochemistry, western blot, qRT-PCR, and RNA interference to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the decreased EAAT-2 expression during HAND at the tissue and cellular levels. We used simian immunodeficiency virus-human immunodeficiency virus chimeric virus (SHIV)-infected macaques as an in vivo model of HAND.

Menin mediates Tat-induced neuronal apoptosis in brain frontal cortex of SIV-infected macaques and in Tat-treated cells.

The molecular mechanisms involved in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remain poorly understood. It has been recently reported that HIV-1 Tat transactivation requires menin, suggesting that menin may be involved in HAND pathogenesis. But the role of menin is not clear.

Clinical significance of TIPE expression in gastric carcinoma.

Background: TNFAIP8, also known as TIPE, is a suppressor of apoptosis. High expression of both TIPE mRNA and protein has been detected in various cancer cell lines and clinical specimens compared to healthy tissues. Many reports have shown that there is a strong correlation between TIPE overexpression and cancer progression and poor prognosis in human solid cancers.

Low dose nicotine attenuates Aβ neurotoxicity through activation early growth response gene 1 pathway.

Epidemiological studies indicate that smoking is negatively correlated with the incidence and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nicotine was reported to be the active factor. However, the detailed mechanisms still remain to be fully elucidated.

[Three different strategies of urine drainage following hypospadias surgery: clinical nursing and observation].

Objective: To study 3 different strategies of urine drainage following hypospadias urethroplasty, the clinical nursing in their application, and their effects.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 595 cases of hypospadias treated by urethroplasty. After surgery, 133 of the patients underwent urine drainage by suprapubic cystostomy (group A), 202 by urethral stent- tube indwelling (group B), and 260 by early initiative micturition with the urethral stent-tube (group C).

Prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulated signaling pathway revealed by Pin1 +/+ and Pin1 -/- mouse embryonic fibroblast cells.

Pin1 (peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1) plays a key role in a number of diseases including cancer and Alzheimer disease. Previous studies have identified a wide range of phosphoproteins as Pin1 substrates. Related pathways were analyzed separately.