[Improving effect of selenium on spermatogenesis in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced spermatogenic impairment and its underlying mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the effect of selenium on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced spermatogenic impairment (SI) in mice and its underlying mechanism.

Methods: We equally randomized 36 male KM mice into 3 SI model and 3 control groups, the first 3 treated by intraperitoneal injection of CTX at 100 mg/kg (the SI model control group), CTX plus SI model control group, selenium deficient model group (－Se SI), selenium supplemented model group (+Se SI), while latter 3 by intraperitoneal injection of normal saline (the normal control), selenium deficiency control group (－Se control), selenium addition control group (+Se control), respectively, all once a week for 6 successive weeks. Then we observed the histopathological changes in the testes of all the mice by HE staining, obtained the sperm count in the epididymides, determined the expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and SLC7A11 proteins by Western blot and ferroptosis-related genes by RT-qPCR, and examined the changes in the expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins and genes in the GC2-spd cells treated with ferroptosis inhibitors and inducers in combination with different concentrations of inorganic sodium selenite (SeS) and organic selenomethionine (SeM).

Phthalate exposure linked to high blood pressure in Chinese children.

Background: Exposure to phthalate esters may be linked to the risk of high blood pressure (HBP), but limited evidence is available in Chinese children.

Objective: To investigate the associations between nine phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) and systolic/diastolic BP, pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the risk of HBP.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1044 primary school children (6-8 years old) were enrolled from Shenzhen, China, between 2016 and 2017.

Liver function monitoring: a prospective nested case-control study of Salvia miltiorrhiza polyphenol injection.

Instructions for Salvia miltiorrhiza polyphenol injections indicate abnormal liver function as an occasional adverse reaction, but the incidence of this adverse drug reaction (ADR) has increased in recent years. We assessed S. miltiorrhiza polyphenol ADRs by performing a nested case-control study(NCCS) and meta-analysis.

Reevaluation of the post-marketing safety of Xuebijing injection based on real-world and evidence-based evaluations.

Aims: To determine the causes of adverse reactions associated with Xuebijing injection and provide medical evidence for its safe and rational post-marketing use in clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: We used prospective nested case-control and prescription sequence analysis designs. Using data from the Hospital Information System, patients exhibiting trigger signals after receiving Xuebijing injection were classified as suspected allergic patients.

Identification and Whole-Genome Sequencing of Four Enterovirus D68 Strains in Southern China in Late 2015.

Four enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) strains from four children with influenza-like illness were identified in Shenzhen, southern China, in late 2015. Here, we announce the availability of these viral genomes in GenBank. The genomic sequences of these EV-D68 strains showed the closest phylogenetic relationship to strains from northern China.

Functional Genetic Variants of PPARx03B3; and PPARα Encoding Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Susceptibility to Ischemic Stroke in Chinese Han Population.

Background: PPARx03B3; and PPARα belong to a receptor family of ligand-activated transcription factors involved in the regulation of inflammation, cellular glucose uptake, protection against atherosclerosis and endothelial cell function. Through these effects, they might be involved with the ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: One thousand two hundred ninety-six subjects from the Chinese Han Population were chosen to assess the nature of the functional polymorphisms of PPARs and any links with IS.

A preliminary validation of the Brief COPE instrument for assessing coping strategies among people living with HIV in China.

Background: The Brief COPE instrument has been utilized to conduct research on various populations, including people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the questionnaire constructs when applied to PLWH have not been subjected to thorough factor validation.

Methods: A total of 258 PLWH were recruited from two provinces of China.

Mortality from road traffic accidents in a rapidly urbanizing Chinese city: A 20-year analysis in Shenzhen, 1994-2013.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the trends of motorization and mortality rates from road traffic accidents and examine their associations in a rapidly urbanizing city in China, Shenzhen.

Methods: Using data from the Shenzhen Deaths Registry between 1994 and 2013, we calculated the annual mortality rates of road traffic accidents, in addition to the age- and sex-specific mortality rates and their annual percentage changes (APCs) for the period of 2000-2013. We also examined the associations between mortality rate of road traffic accidents and traffic growth with Spearman's rank correlation analysis and a log-linear model derived from Smeed's law.

Time trends and age-period-cohort analyses on incidence rates of thyroid cancer in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

Background: Increasing incidence rates of thyroid cancer have been noted worldwide, while the underlying reasons remain unclear.

Methods: Using data from population-based cancer registries, we examined the time trends of thyroid cancer incidence in two largest cities in China, Shanghai and Hong Kong, during the periods 1973-2009 and 1983-2011, respectively. We further performed age-period-cohort analyses to address the possible underlying reasons for the observed temporal trends.

Cdc42 induces EGF receptor protein accumulation and promotes EGF receptor nuclear transport and cellular transformation.

Cdc42 is a Ras-related small GTP-binding protein. A previous study has shown that Cdc42 binding to the γ subunit of the coatomer protein complex (γCOP) is essential for Cdc42-regulated cellular transformation, but the molecular mechanism involved is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that constitutively-active Cdc42 binding to γCOP induced the accumulation of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the cells, sustained EGF-stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), JUN amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling and promoted cell division.

Forecasting influenza epidemics from multi-stream surveillance data in a subtropical city of China.

Background: Influenza has been associated with heavy burden of mortality and morbidity in subtropical regions. However, timely forecast of influenza epidemic in these regions has been hindered by unclear seasonality of influenza viruses. In this study, we developed a forecasting model by integrating multiple sentinel surveillance data to predict influenza epidemics in a subtropical city Shenzhen, China.

[Sero-epidemiological investigation on hepatitis B among permanent residents in Shenzhen area].

Objective: To understand the infection status and epidemiological features of HBV in permanent residents of Shenzhen city.

Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was performed for questionnaire survey to permanently-registered residents of 1-59 years old in Luohu and Baoan district of Shenzhen in 2010, and blood samples of the subjects were collected. Hepatitis B virus-related surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) were detected with ELISA.

HIV infection and sexual behaviors among non-commercial men who have sex with men at different venues.

The prevalence of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) has increased rapidly in China. Previous studies suggested that some venue-specific characteristics could significantly affect MSM's sexual behaviors that were related to HIV transmission. Thus, to compare the HIV infection rates and related risky sexual behaviors among MSM at different venues, we conducted a cross-sectional study with time-location sampling in Shenzhen, China.

[Applicability of a sensitive duplex real-time PCR assay for identifying B/Yamagata and B/Victoria lineages of influenza virus].

Objective: To develop a novel sensitive duplex real-time PCR assay for accurately identifying B/Yamagata and B/Victoria lineages of influenza virus type B.

Methods: 50 HA (hemagglutinin) gene sequences coding for B/Yamagata and B/Victoria lineage, respectively, were randomly downloaded for GenBank and analyzed by software MEGA. Primers and probes specific for HA gene of B/Yamagata and B/Victoria lineages were designed by Primer Primer and then applied in the duplex real-time RT-PCR method that was followed developed.

A comparison of HIV infection and related risk factors between money boys and noncommercial men who have sex with men in Shenzhen, China.

Background: HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) has become an increasing concern in China. Money boys (MBs) are a subgroup of MSM who sell sex to men. Direct comparison of HIV prevalence and related risk factors between MB and noncommercial MSM (ncMSM) has rarely been done.

[Evaluation of effects of combination intervention model to men who have sex with men].

Objective: This study aimed to explore and evaluate the effects of combination intervention model conducted by Center for Disease Control and Prevention and activity place to men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods: To implement one-year combination intervention in 4 MSM venues during May, 2009 and April, 2010. Meanwhile, 3 similar MSM venues were chosen as control.

[Measuring diet quality of labor workers in Shenzhen using Chinese diet balance index].

Objective: To evaluate the overall diet quality and diet model of labor workers in Shenzhen using Chinese Diet Balance Index (DBI).

Methods: In May 2009, 14 canteens from Baoan, Longgang and Nanshan districts were selected by stratified random sampling and 60 workers were randomly selected from each canteen by using random number method. Diet measurements were carried out among the 840 labor workers.

MicroRNA-21 expression is regulated by β-catenin/STAT3 pathway and promotes glioma cell invasion by direct targeting RECK.

Aims: MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) expression is increased in many types of human malignancy, including glioma. Recent studies report that miR-21 regulates cell invasion by targeting RECK, however, the underlying transcriptional regulation of miR-21 in glioma cells remains elusive.

Results: Here, we identify a positive correlation between miR-21 expression and pathological grade in glioma tissues.

[Compare real-time RT-PCR with two culture methods for influenza virus detection].

Objective: Real-time RT-PCR, cell culture and embryonated eggs culture for influenza detection were compared by analyzing the data of influenza surveillance in Shenzhen in second half of 2009.

Methods: 1092 clinical samples (throat swabs) collected during second half of 2009 were tested by real-time RT-PCR, cell culture and embryonated eggs culture, and the results were analyzed by statistical methods.

Results: The positive rate were 54.

[A cell-based detection of ciguatoxin using sodium fluorescence probe].

Objective: To establish a cell-based detection method of ciguatoxin using fluorescence assay.

Methods: Mouse neuroblastoma N-2A cells were exposed to ouabain and veratridine and different concentrations of standard ciguatoxin samples (P-CTX-1) to establish the curvilinear relationship between the toxin dosage and fluorescence intensity using the sodium fluorescence probe CoroNaTM Green. The toxicity curvilinear relationship was also generated between the toxin dosage and cell survival using CCK-8 method.