Methylmercury degradation by hot spring sulfur-linked microbial communities as a dominant pathway in regulating mercury speciation.

Sulfidic hot springs harbor unique microbial communities and are important in mercury (Hg) species transformations, although the fine scale drivers of these processes remain poorly understood. Here we studied Hg speciation in water, biofilms, and sediment across three sampling seasons in a French sulfidic hot spring with low Hg concentrations. Microbial Hg species methylation and demethylation potentials were evaluated using incubation experiments with species-specific Hg isotope tracers.

Addressing Challenges of Membrane Clogging in AF4-UV-ICPMS Analysis for Size Determination of Trace Elements in Acidic, Organic-Rich Peat Bog Waters.

The analysis of colloid-associated trace elements (TEs) in acidic, organic-rich waters (pH 3.8-5.8) using AF4-UV-ICPMS often necessitates the use of neutral or weakly alkaline carriers (pH 7-8.

Small molecular target-based multifunctional upconversion nanocomposites for targeted and in-depth photodynamic and chemo-anticancer therapy.

A novel multifunctional nano-system, ZnPc-UCNPs-PEG-G, was designed for targeted and in-depth photodynamic therapy. The nano-system was built via covalent conjugation, in which phthalocyanine zinc (ZnPc), Gefitinib (G), NaYF: Yb, Er (UCNPs) and PEG derivatives were employed as the photosensitizer, target moiety, upconversion nanomaterial and linker unit, respectively. The photophysical/chemical properties, in-depth photodynamic activity, cancer cell specificity and anticancer activity of ZnPc-UCNPs-PEG-G were investigated.

Silicon Phthalocyanines Axially Disubstituted with Erlotinib toward Small-Molecular-Target-Based Photodynamic Therapy.

Small-molecular-target-based photodynamic therapy-a promising targeted anticancer strategy-was developed by conjugating zinc(II) phthalocyanine with a small-molecular-target-based anticancer drug. To prevent self-aggregation and avoid problems of phthalocyanine isomerization, two silicon phthalocyanines di-substituted axially with erlotinib have been synthesized and fully characterized. These conjugates are present in monomeric form in various solvents as well as culture media.

A Molecular Combination of Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine and Tamoxifen Derivative for Dual Targeting Photodynamic Therapy and Hormone Therapy.

The combination of photodynamic therapy and other cancer treatment modalities is a promising strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects. In this study, a tamoxifen-zinc(II) phthalocyanine conjugate linked by a triethylene glycol chain has been synthesized and characterized. Having tamoxifen as the targeting moiety, the conjugate shows high specific affinity to MCF-7 breast cancer cells overexpressed estrogen receptors (ERs) and tumor tissues, therefore leading to a cytotoxic effect in the dark due to the cytostatic tamoxifen moiety, and a high photocytotoxicity due to the photosensitizing phthalocyanine unit against the MCF-7 cancer cells.

Preparation and In Vitro Photodynamic Activity of Glucosylated Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines as Underlying Targeting Photosensitizers.

Two novel glucosylated zinc(ІІ) phthalocyanines 7a-7b, as well as the acetyl-protected counterparts 6a-6b, have been synthesized by the Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between the propargylated phthalocyanine and azide-substituted glucoses. All of these phthalocyanines were characterized with various spectroscopic methods and studied for their photo-physical, photo-chemical, and photo-biological properties. With glucose as the targeting unit, phthalocyanines 7a-7b exhibit a specific affinity to MCF-7 breast cancer cells over human embryonic lung fibroblast (HELF) cells, showing higher cellular uptake.

[Total Gaseous Mercury and Mercury Emission from Natural Surface at One Typical Agricultural Region in Three Gorges Reservoir].

In situ measurement of total gaseous mercury (TGM) and mercury exchange fluxes between soil with different utilization patterns and atmosphere was conducted at one typical agricultural region in Three Gorges Reservoir. The TGM concentration ranged from 2.67 to 75.

Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activity of zinc(II) phthalocyanines conjugated with coumarin derivatives for dual photodynamic and chemotherapy.

The combination of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy is a promising strategy to overcome growing problems in contemporary medicine, such as low therapeutic efficacy and drug resistance. Four zinc(II) phthalocyanine-coumarin conjugates were synthesized and characterized. In these complexes, zinc(II) phthalocyanine was used as the photosensitizing unit, and a coumarin derivative was selected as the cytostatic moiety; the two components were linked via a tri(ethylene glycol) chain.

Molecular-target-based anticancer photosensitizer: synthesis and in vitro photodynamic activity of erlotinib-zinc(II) phthalocyanine conjugates.

Targeted photodynamic therapy is a new promising therapeutic strategy to overcome growing problems in contemporary medicine, such as drug toxicity and drug resistance. A series of erlotinib-zinc(II) phthalocyanine conjugates were designed and synthesized. Compared with unsubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine, these conjugates can successfully target EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells owing to the presence of the small molecular-target-based anticancer agent erlotinib.

A novel strategy for targeting photodynamic therapy. Molecular combo of photodynamic agent zinc(II) phthalocyanine and small molecule target-based anticancer drug erlotinib.

In this study, two phthalocyanine-erlotinib conjugates linked by an oligoethylene glycol chain have been synthesised and fully characterised. Having erlotinib as the targeting moiety, the two conjugates exhibited high specific affinity to HepG2 cancer cells and tumour tissues, therefore leading to high photodynamic activity.

Synthesis and in vitro photodynamic activity of oligomeric ethylene glycol-quinoline substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivatives.

A new series of zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivatives have been synthesized and characterized. These macrocycles exhibited a sharp absorption band in the red visible region in DMF, which indicated that they were dissolved well and almost did not aggregate in this solvent. Compared with the unsubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine, all these phthalocyanines have a red-shifted Q-band (at 678-699 vs 670 nm) and exhibit a relatively weaker fluorescence emission and a higher efficiency at generating singlet oxygen.

In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity evaluation of ursolic acid derivatives.

Twenty-three ursolic acid (1) derivatives 2-24 (ten novel compounds 8-10, 14-17 and 22-24) modified at the C-3 and the C-28 positions were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by IR, (1)H NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. The single crystals of compounds 15 and 17 were obtained. The cytotoxic activity of the derivatives was evaluated against HepG2, BGC-823, SH-SY5Y, HeLa and HELF cells by the MTT assay.

[Study on UV-Vis absorption spectra of tetra-azo-aromaticoxy substituted metallophthalocyanines].

UV-Vis absorption spectras of six series (18 kinds) of tetra- azo-aromaticoxy substituted metallophthalocyanines (R4 PcM, R = 4-pyridyloxy, 8-quinolinoxy, 2-methyl-8-quinolinoxy; substitution position: a position and beta position; M = Ni (II), Cu(II), Zn(II)) were measured. The effects of central mentals, the kinds and the positions of substitution groups, and solvents on the metallophthalocyanines' lamdamax in Q-band were discussed. Experimental data show: The lamdamax in Q-band of title complexes is about 680 nm.