Analysis of genetic diversity and genetic structure of Qinchuan cattle conservation population using whole-genome resequencing.

In the conservation of livestock and poultry resources, population genetic diversity and genetic structure of the conservation population are important factors affecting the effectiveness of conservation. In this study, whole-genome resequencing technology was used to detect genomic variation in 100 Qinchuan cattle (30 bulls and 70 cows). By analyzing population genetic diversity, runs of homozygosity (ROH) distribution features, kinship relationships, and family structure, the conservation effectiveness of Qinchuan cattle was comprehensively evaluated.

GaSb surface grating distributed feedback interband cascade laser emitting at 3.25 µm.

A second-order distributed feedback interband cascade laser emitting at 3.25 µm was designed, grown, and fabricated. By coherent epitaxy of a GaSb cap layer instead of the conventional thin InAs cap on top of the laser structure, a high-quality surface grating was made of GaSb and gold.

Broad tuning range, high power quantum cascade laser at λ ∼ 7.4 µm.

In this article, we report a high power quantum cascade laser (QCL) at λ∼7.4 µm with a broad tuning range. By carefully designing and optimizing the active region and waveguide structure, a continuous-wave (CW) output power up to 1.

Anomalous Mode Transitions in High Power Distributed Bragg Reflector Quantum Cascade Lasers.

In this paper, an anomalous spectral data of distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) emitting around 7.6 μm is presented. The two-section DBR lasers, consisting of a gain section and an unpumped Bragg reflector, display an output power above 0.

Demonstration of High-Power and Stable Single-Mode in a Quantum Cascade Laser Using Buried Sampled Grating.

High-power, low-threshold stable single-mode operation buried distributed feedback quantum cascade laser by incorporating sampled grating emitting at λ ~ 4.87 μm is demonstrated. The high continuous wave (CW) output power of 948 mW and 649 mW for a 6-mm and 4-mm cavity length is obtained at 20 °C, respectively, which benefits from the optimized optical field distribution of sampled grating.

Near-infrared and mid-infrared semiconductor broadband light emitters.

Semiconductor broadband light emitters have emerged as ideal and vital light sources for a range of biomedical sensing/imaging applications, especially for optical coherence tomography systems. Although near-infrared broadband light emitters have found increasingly wide utilization in these imaging applications, the requirement to simultaneously achieve both a high spectral bandwidth and output power is still challenging for such devices. Owing to the relatively weak amplified spontaneous emission, as a consequence of the very short non-radiative carrier lifetime of the inter-subband transitions in quantum cascade structures, it is even more challenging to obtain desirable mid-infrared broadband light emitters.

Low voltage-defect quantum cascade lasers based on excited-states injection at λ ∼ 8.5 μm.

A quantum cascade laser emitting at λ∼8.5  μm based on the excited-state injection is presented. The operating voltage is reduced for a low-voltage defect in the excited-state design, compared with the conventional ground-state injection design.

Tapered Quantum Cascade Laser Arrays Integrated with Talbot Cavities.

Power scaling in broad area quantum cascade laser (QCL) usually leads to the deterioration of the beam quality with an emission of multiple lobes far-field pattern. In this letter, we demonstrate a tapered QCL array integrated with Talbot cavity at one side of the array. Fundamental supermode operation is achieved in the arrays with taper straight-end connected to the Talbot cavity.

Stable Single-Mode Operation of Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser by Optimized Reflectivity Facet Coatings.

In this work, quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) based on strain compensation combined with two-phonon resonance design are presented. Distributed feedback (DFB) laser emitting at ~ 4.76 μm was fabricated through a standard buried first-order grating and buried heterostructure (BH) processing.

Room temperature continuous wave quantum dot cascade laser emitting at 7.2 μm.

We demonstrate a quantum cascade laser with active regions consisting of InAs quantum dots deposited on GaAs buffer layers that are embedded in InGaAs wells confined by InAlAs barriers. Continuous wave room temperature lasing at the wavelength of 7.2 μm has been demonstrated with the threshold current density as low as 1.

10-W pulsed operation of substrate emitting photonic-crystal quantum cascade laser with very small divergence.

High-power broad area substrate emitting photonic-crystal distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) emitting around 4.73 μm is reported. Two-dimensional centered rectangular photonic-crystal (CRPC) grating is introduced to enhance optical coherence in large area device.

Small divergence substrate emitting quantum cascade laser by subwavelength metallic grating.

Metallic periodic structure in subwavelength scale offers an exciting way to couple light into surface plasmons (SPs), thus manipulating the properties of near-field optics. We show that subwavelength metallic grating (SMG) defined on the substrate side of substrate emitting quantum cascade lasers enables far-field improvement in mid-infrared spectrum. The SMG is designed to tailor the interaction of SPs with single mode transverse magnetic light.

Tri-channel single-mode terahertz quantum cascade laser.

We report on a compact THz quantum cascade laser source emitting at, individually controllable, three different wavelengths (92.6, 93.9, and 95.

Quantum dot cascade laser.

Unlabelled: We demonstrated an unambiguous quantum dot cascade laser based on InGaAs/GaAs/InAs/InAlAs heterostructure by making use of self-assembled quantum dots in the Stranski-Krastanow growth mode and two-step strain compensation active region design. The prototype generates stimulated emission at λ ~ 6.15 μm and a broad electroluminescence band with full width at half maximum over 3 μm.

[Mid-infrared distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser-based photoacoustic detection of trace methane gas].

There have been considerable interests in methane detection based on infrared absorption spectroscopy for industrial and environment monitoring. The authors report on the realization of photoacoustic detection of methane (CH4) using mid-infrared distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser (DFB-QCL). The absorption line at 1316.

[The treatment of pneumocystis Carinii pneumonia with caspofungin in elderly patients: a case report and literature review].

Objective: To describe the treatment with caspofungin of pneumocystis Carinii pneumonia (PCP) in elderly patients.

Methods: A 93 year old male patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in mechanical ventilation for 25 months. PCP was diagnosed and treated with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole compound (SMZ/TMP) and caspofungin.

[Effects of interleukin-10 on expression of inflammatory mediators and anti-inflammatory mediators during acute lung injury in rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of interleukin-10 (IL-10) on expression of inflammatory mediators and anti-inflammatory mediators during acute lung injury (ALI).

Methods: Rat model of ALI was reproduced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a dose of 10 mg/kg. Fifty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, LPS group and LPS+IL-10 group, with 18 rats in each group (6 rats at 2, 6 and 24 hours respectively).

[Value of blinded sampling methods in the pathogenic diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of blinded protected specimen brush and quantitative culture (BPSB-QC) in the pathogenic diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Methods: A prospective, self-controlled clinical trial was conducted during a 36-month period. QC of paired samples of BPSB and PSB via a fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB- PSB) in a total of 54 patients during 125 suspected episodes of VAP was compared.

[DNA chip analysis of gene expression patterns in poorly-differentiated human stage I lung adenocarcinoma].

Objective: To screen genes with abnormal expression in poorly-differentiated human lung adenocarcinoma at stage I with cDNA chip.

Methods: The mRNA was extracted from cancer tissue and matched normal lung tissue, and was labeled by Cy5-dUTP or Cy3-dUTP as probes. Subsequently, the mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA chip containing 8192 genes.