Publications by authors named "Jin-Won Kim"
Background: Within the tumor microenvironment, altered lipid metabolism promotes cancer cell malignancy by activating oncogenic cascades; however, impact of lipid metabolism in CD4 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) remains poorly understood. Here, we elucidated that role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) increased by treatment with cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) supernatant in CD4 T cells on their subset differentiation and activity of CD8 T cells.
Results: In our study, we observed that CD4 TILs had higher lipid droplet content than CD4 splenic T cells.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes and risk factors associated with patients who underwent a second metastasectomy for metastatic colorectal cancer after disease recurrence.
- A total of 94 patients were analyzed, with high rates of R0 resections (94.7%), and 5-year disease-free survival (42.8%) and overall survival (67.2%) rates were reported.
- Factors such as having primary rectal cancer and a longer disease-free interval after the first surgery are good predictors for survival, while non-lung/non-liver metastases and older age indicate worse outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients may benefit from fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy, but no direct comparisons between different regimens had been previously conducted.
- An individual patient-level meta-analysis was performed using data from two clinical trials to evaluate overall survival (OS) across different chemotherapy regimens, including nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV, mFOLFOX, and mFOLFIRI.
- Results showed that nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV significantly improved OS compared to both mFOLFOX and mFOLFIRI, with notable side effects differing among regimens; thus, considering both effectiveness and safety is essential in treatment decisions.
Efficacy of cisplatin-gemcitabine-durvalumab in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer experiencing early vs late disease relapse after surgery: a large real-life worldwide population.
Oncologist
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- In the TOPAZ-1 trial, patients with biliary tract cancers (BTC) who had recurrence within 6 months of surgery were excluded, which often happens in practice. This study looked into the effectiveness of cisplatin-gemcitabine-durvalumab (CGD) in patients who did experience early recurrence.
- The study enrolled 178 BTC patients who had surgery and then underwent treatment with CGD after experiencing either early or late disease recurrence. Key goals were to measure overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).
- Results showed no significant differences in OS and PFS between early and late relapse groups, suggesting CGD is effective regardless of when the cancer
Article Synopsis
- Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) have an immune system that doesn't respond well to standard PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, but adding bevacizumab to chemotherapy may enhance immune responses.
- A phase II study involving 162 patients evaluated the effects of adding bevacizumab to atezolizumab and standard chemotherapy (cisplatin and gemcitabine), focusing on progression-free survival (PFS) as the main outcome.
- Results showed that the PFS was slightly better for patients receiving bevacizumab (8.3 months) compared to placebo (7.9 months), but overall survival (OS) was similar in both groups, indicating a modest benefit in PFS without an impact on OS. *
Background: Current guidelines recommend intervention for asymptomatic rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) with mitral valve area ≤1.5 cm based on indicators including pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) >50 mm Hg and new-onset atrial fibrillation; however, evidence supporting this is lacking.
Methods: This single-center retrospective study included patients with rheumatic MS between 2006 and 2022.
Comparison of Synergistic Sedation with Midazolam and Propofol Versus Midazolam and Pethidine in Colonoscopies: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Study.
Chonnam Med J
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- - Colonoscopy is crucial for early colorectal cancer detection, but the procedure's discomfort often necessitates sedation, prompting a study on different sedation protocols.
- - In a trial with 51 patients, two groups received either midazolam with propofol or midazolam with pethidine, finding similar safety and effectiveness between both regimens.
- - The midazolam and propofol group experienced fewer postural changes and needed less manual compression, suggesting it led to a more comfortable procedure without significant differences in pain or overall satisfaction.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), highlighting concerns regarding thrombosis and bleeding risks.
- - A nationwide cohort analysis of 368 MPN patients revealed that 62.8% were on DOACs for atrial fibrillation, with a median follow-up of 22.3 months showing thrombosis and bleeding rates of 11.1% and 3.7%, respectively.
- - Key factors increasing thrombosis risk included high CHA2DS2-VASc scores and the use of concomitant antiplatelet and cytoreductive therapies, but no significant predictors were found
Background: Timely palliative transition in patients with advanced cancer is essential for their improved quality of life and overall survival (OS). Most prognostic models have been developed focusing on weeks' survival. The current study aimed to compare the accuracies of several indicators, such as the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS), Clinicians' Prediction of Survival (CPS), and Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), for predicting the survival of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptical coherence tomography-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention for patients with complex lesions (OCCUPI): an investigator-initiated, multicentre, randomised, open-label, superiority trial in South Korea.
Lancet
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- The OCCUPI trial aimed to determine if optical coherence tomography (OCT) guidance during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) provides better clinical outcomes compared to traditional angiography guidance for complex heart lesions over a year.
- Conducted across 20 hospitals in South Korea, the trial included 1,604 patients aged 19-85 and utilized randomization to assign participants to either OCT or angiography guidance during their PCI procedure.
- The main outcome measured was the rate of major adverse cardiac events, but the effectiveness of OCT guidance in reducing these events compared to angiography guidance remains uncertain, as the study was designed to assess potential clinical benefits.
Autophagy is a cellular process that degrades damaged cytoplasmic components and regulates cell death. The homeostasis of endothelial cells (ECs) is crucial for the preservation of glomerular structure and function in aging. Here, we investigated the precise mechanisms of endothelial autophagy in renal aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Some studies suggest that TP53 mutations are associated with the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and also contribute to sex disparities in several cancers. Thus, we hypothesized that TP53 mutations might serve as sex-dependent genomic biomarkers of ICI treatment response in patients with NSCLC.
Materials And Methods: Clinical data of 100 patients with metastatic NSCLC treated with ICI monotherapy at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH) were retrospectively reviewed.
What Is This Summary About?: Researchers wanted to study whether the research drug zanidatamab could help people with a type of cancer called biliary tract cancer. In some people, biliary tract cancer cells make extra copies of a gene called HER2 (also called ERBB2). This is known as being HER2-amplified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical practice recommendations for the use of next-generation sequencing in patients with solid cancer: a joint report from KSMO and KSP.
J Pathol Transl Med
July 2024
Article Synopsis
- Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become essential in cancer care for identifying genetic alterations that can inform treatment decisions.
- The application of NGS is expanding to include support in pathological diagnosis and understanding resistance mechanisms in cancer.
- Upcoming recommendations aim to provide guidance on using NGS in solid tumors, categorize actionable genes by cancer type, and include insights on important biomarkers for circulating tumor DNA testing.
Background: The TOPAZ-1 phase III trial showed a survival benefit with durvalumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). To understand this combination's real-world efficacy and tolerability, we conducted a global multicenter retrospective analysis of its first-line treatment outcomes.
Methods: We included patients with unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic BTC treated with durvalumab, gemcitabine, and cisplatin at 39 sites in 11 countries (Europe, the United States, and Asia).
Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease causing a fatal plaque rupture, and its key aspect is a failure to resolve inflammation. We hypothesize that macrophage-targeted near-infrared fluorescence emitting photoactivation could simultaneously assess macrophage/lipid-rich plaques in vivo and facilitate inflammation resolution.
Methods: We fabricated a Dectin-1-targeted photoactivatable theranostic agent through the chemical conjugation of the near-infrared fluorescence-emitting photosensitizer chlorin e6 and the Dectin-1 ligand laminarin (laminarin-chlorin e6 [LAM-Ce6]).
Background And Aims: We compared the safety and efficacy of bintrafusp alfa (BA) in combination with gemcitabine+cisplatin (GemCis), to those of GemCis alone, in patients with biliary tract cancer.
Approach And Results: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive design phase 2/3 trial (NCT04066491) included adults who are treatment-naive with locally advanced/metastatic biliary tract cancer. Patients (N = 297) were randomized to receive an IV infusion of BA (2400 mg once/3 wk) plus GemCis (gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 +cisplatin 25 mg/m 2 on days 1 and 8/3 wk; 8 cycles) (BA group, n = 148) or placebo+GemCis (placebo group, n = 149).
Article Synopsis
- In a study of heart patients getting a special procedure called PCI, researchers looked at how two drugs, colchicine and aspirin, affected inflammation and blood clotting.
- They found that patients taking colchicine had lower levels of inflammation compared to those taking aspirin after one month.
- However, both groups showed similar levels of blood clotting, meaning colchicine helped with inflammation without making blood clots more likely.
Background: In the preplanned interim analysis of the TOPAZ-1 study, durvalumab plus gemcitabine-cisplatin significantly improved overall survival versus placebo plus gemcitabine-cisplatin in participants with advanced biliary tract cancer. We aimed to report updated overall survival and safety data from TOPAZ-1 with additional follow-up and data maturity beyond the interim analysis.
Methods: TOPAZ-1 was a phase 3, randomised, double-masked, placebo-controlled, global study done at 105 sites in 17 countries.
Background: Outpatient monitoring of pulmonary congestion in heart failure (HF) patients may reduce hospitalization rates. This study tested the feasibility of non-invasive high-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (HF-BIA) for estimating lung fluid status.
Methods: This prospective study included 70 participants: 50 with acute HF (HF group) and 20 without HF (control group).
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of two third-generation drug-eluting stents: the Coroflex ISAR and the Orsiro.
- It was conducted as part of the HOST-IDEA trial, which originally involved dual antiplatelet therapy duration but shifted to a registry format for stent comparison, ultimately including 328 patients randomized between the two stents.
- Results showed that patients with the Coroflex ISAR stent had a significantly higher rate of target lesion failure compared to those with the Orsiro stent, with revascularization being a major factor for this difference.
Article Synopsis
- - This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Debio 1347, a new oral drug targeting FGFR fusions in patients with advanced solid tumors, focusing on its ability to produce objective responses and other outcomes in different cancer types.
- - A total of 63 patients participated, with only a 5% objective response rate, leading to the trial's early termination due to lower-than-expected effectiveness, despite manageable side effects like hyperphosphatemia and stomatitis.
- - The findings suggest that while the drug has some tolerance, its lack of significant efficacy means it should not undergo further testing for FGFR fusion tumors; the study also provided insight into the characteristics of FGFR fusions in solid tumors.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focused on analyzing the genomes of monkeypox virus isolates from patients in the Republic of Korea to understand how the virus spreads and evolves over time.
- - Eight monkeypox virus isolates were classified into Clade IIb, with notable lineages identified including B.1.1, A.2.1, and B.1.3, with B.1.3 being prevalent among isolates from 2023.
- - The findings suggest that the unique genetic characteristics of these Far East isolates indicate a possible start of local transmission of the B.1.3 lineage in early 2023, particularly among six patients with no recent travel history.