Availability and Affordability of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies After the New Medical Reform in Hubei Province, China.

Objective: In 2017, China launched a new round of medical reform (NMR) to address the inaccessibility of high-priced drugs for patients with serious diseases. This study explored the impact of the NMR on the accessibility and affordability of high-priced monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and the effective promotion policies after the NMR.

Methods: We used a standard method developed by the World Health Organization to conduct two surveys on the availability of mAbs and their prices before and after the NMR in the public hospitals in Hubei province, China.

Glycyrrhizin Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Entry into Cells by Targeting ACE2.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious and pathogenic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Early in this epidemic, the herbal formulas used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were widely used for the treatment of COVID-19 in China. According to Venn diagram analysis, we found that is a frequent herb in TCM formulas against COVID-19.

Epidemiology and region-specific risk factors for low Apgar scores in China: a nationwide study.

Background: Neonatal asphyxia is a serious public health issue. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology and region-specific risk factors for low Apgar scores, an important proxy for neonatal asphyxia, in China from 2015 to 2016.

Methods: The China Labor and Delivery Survey was a multicenter cross-sectional study including 96 hospitals distributed in 24 (out of 34) provinces.

Smooth muscle SIRT1 reprograms endothelial cells to suppress angiogenesis after ischemia.

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) undergo the phenotypic changes from contractile to synthetic state during vascular remodeling after ischemia. SIRT1 protects against stress-induced vascular remodeling via maintaining VSMC differentiated phenotype. However, the effect of smooth muscle SIRT1 on the functions of endothelial cells (ECs) has not been well clarified.

Preterm Birth in China Between 2015 and 2016.

To describe the incidence, risk factors, and potential causes of preterm birth (PTB) in China between 2015 and 2016. The China Labor and Delivery Survey was a population-based multicenter study conducted from 2015 to 2016. We assigned each birth a weight based on the sampling frame.

[Observation on therapeutic effect of " acupuncture" on premature ovarian insufficiency of kidney deficiency].

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of " acupuncture" and oral estradiol and dydrogesterone tablets (femoston) on premature ovarian insufficiency of kidney deficiency.

Methods: A total of 50 patients with premature ovarian insufficiency of kidney deficiency were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 25 cases in each one.In the observation group, " acupuncture" was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4), Qihai (CV 6), Zhongji (CV 3), Yaoyangguan (GV 3), Yaoshu (GV 2), Mingmen (GV 4), etc.

Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Tolerability of Chiglitazar, A Novel Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) Pan-Agonist, in Healthy Chinese Volunteers: A Phase I Study.

Background And Objectives: Chiglitazar is a novel configuration-restricted non-thiazolidinedione peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pan-agonist currently in the Phase III clinical development stage for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The objective of this Phase I study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of single and multiple doses of chiglitazar tablets taken orally and the effect of food on its pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese subjects.

Methods: A single-centre, open-label, randomised, two-stage Phase I study was carried out.

In which groups of pregnant women can the caesarean delivery rate likely be reduced safely in the USA? A multicentre cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To identify obstetrical subgroups in which (1) the caesarean delivery (CD) rate may be reduced without compromising safety and (2) CD may be associated with better perinatal outcomes.

Design: A multicentre cross-sectional study.

Setting: 19 hospitals in the USA that participated in the Consortium on Safe Labor.

Kinsenoside: A Promising Bioactive Compound from Anoectochilus Species.

Kinsenoside is a main active component isolated from plants of the genus Anoectochilus, and exhibits many biological activities and pharmacological effects, including hepatoprotective, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperliposis, anti-inflammatory, vascular protective and anti-osteoporosis effects and so on, which is contributing to its promising potency in disease treatments. This review aims to recapitulate the pharmacological functions of kinsenoside, as well as its source, extraction, identification, quantitative analysis, pharmacokinetics, synthesis and patent information. The data reported in this work can confirm the therapeutic potential of kinsenoside and provide useful information for further new drug development.

Breast strain elastography: Observer variability in data acquisition and interpretation.

Objective: To analyze the observer reproducibility of breast strain elastography in elasticity image acquisition and elasticity image interpretation.

Methods: This was an institutional ethics committee approved prospective study. One hundred twenty-four breast lesions in 118 women (mean age 45.

Preventive induction of labor for non-urgent indications at term and maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Background: Induction of labor (IOL) is a common practice in many parts of the world. However, the benefits and risks of preventive IOL for the mother and baby have yet to be critically assessed. This study is to investigate the effects of preventive IOL for non-urgent indications at term on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Coumarin derivatives from Ainsliaea fragrans and their anticoagulant activity.

Coumarin derivatives are an important class of C6-C3 plant metabolites that show a variety of bioactivities. Currently, most clinical anticoagulant agents are coumarins, such as warfarin, dicoumarol and acenocoumarol, and patients taking these drugs must be monitored for adverse reactions. In a search for safe and effective anticoagulant compounds from Chinese herbal medicine, a screening procedure on the whole plant of Ainsliaea fragrans was performed.

Indole diketopiperazines from endophytic Chaetomium sp 88194 induce breast cancer cell apoptotic death.

Diketopiperazines are important secondary metabolites of the fungi with variety bioactivities. Several species belonging to genus Chaetomium produce compounds of this class, such as chetomin. To identify new antitumor agents, secondary metabolites of fungus Chaetomium sp 88194 were investigated and three new indole diketopiperazines, Chaetocochins G (1), Oidioperazines E (2) and Chetoseminudin E (3), along with two known compounds Chetoseminudins C (4) and N-acetyl-β-oxotryptamine (5), were obtained.

[Effect of Shugan Jianpi Recipe on LXRα/FAS signaling pathway mediated hepatocyte fatty deposits in NAFLD rats].

Objective: To explore the effect of Shugan Jianpi Recipe (SJR) on LXRα/FAS signaling pathway mediated hepatocyte fatty deposits in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats.

Methods: Totally 75 SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e.

Five new secondary metabolites produced by a marine-associated fungus, Daldinia eschscholzii.

Five new compounds, including a benzopyran ribonic glycoside, daldiniside A (1), two isocoumarin ribonic glycosides, daldinisides B (2) and C (3), and two alkaloids, 1-(3-indolyl)-2R,3-dihydroxypropan-1-one (4) and 3-ethyl-2, 5-pyrazinedipropanoic acid (5), along with five known compounds (6-10), were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the marine-associated fungus, Daldinia eschscholzii. Their structures were elucidated by extensive physicochemical and spectroscopic properties, besides comparison with literature data. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-3 were corroborated by chemical transformation, GC analysis and X-ray crystallographic analysis.

New norclerodane diterpenoids from the tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera.

Phytochemical investigations of the tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera L. resulted in the isolation of nine norclerodane diterpenoids, including two new compounds, diosbulbins N (1) and P (3), a new naturally occurring compound, diosbulbin O (2), and six known ones, diosbulbins A-D, F and G (4-9). Their structures were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

Characterization of two tartary buckwheat R2R3-MYB transcription factors and their regulation of proanthocyanidin biosynthesis.

Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) contains high concentrations of flavonoids. The flavonoids are mainly represented by rutin, anthocyanins and proanthocyanins in tartary buckwheat.

[Construction and tobacco transformation of COR and BBE genes hairpin RNA vector of Papaver somniferum].

The gene expressions of codeinone reductase (COR) and berberine bridge enzyme (BBE) in Papaver somniferum were blocked by RNA hairpin of RNA interference (RNAi). The complete sequences of COR and BBE genes were cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the results of homology comparison revealed that the cloned COR and BBE genes had high homology with the other gene family members reported in the GenBank. The target sequences of COR and BBE genes were screened in accordance with the design principle of RNAi, a 643 bp fusion gene was obtained by the method of overlapping PCR, then plant expression vector ihpRNA was constructed based on intermediate vector pHANNIBAL and plant expression vector pCEPSPS.

[Studies on the chemical constituents of Toricellia angulata var. intermedia].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Toricellia angulata var. intermedia.

Methods: The constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis.

Structural elucidation of a new flavone from Sarcopyramis nepalensis.

A novel flavone, named 4'-methoxy-3',5,7-trihydroxy-8-(1''-(3''',4''',5'''-trihydroxyphenyl)ethyl)flavone (1), was isolated from Sarcopyramis nepalensis, along with two known compounds syringaresinol (2) and aralidioside (3). Their structures were established by the spectroscopic analysis, especially by 2D NMR. All of the three compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time.

[Correlation between XRCC2 and XRCC5 single nucleotide polymorphisms and drug-sensitivity of human lung cancer cells].

Objective: To study the associations between XRCC2 and XRCC5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and chemosensitivity of human lung cancer cells.

Methods: Specimens of human lung cancer were collected from 150 patients, 120 males and 30 females, aged 58.1, during operation.

[Effects of Yuquan pills on pharmacokinetics of metformin hydrochloride in diabetic rats].

Objective: To study effects of Yuquan pills on the pharmacokinetics process of metformin hydrochloride in diabetic rats.

Method: After administration Yuquan pills 7 day to the diabetic rats, the metformin hydrochloride was orally administrated, then the blood samples were collected at different time. The concentrations of metformin hydrochloride in plasma were determined by HPLC method and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.

[Effects of antisense acid invertase gene on reducing sugar and starch contents of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber stored at low temperature].

Two transgenic potato lines with antisense AcInv gene and the non-transgenic varieties were used to test the reducing sugar and starch contents. The results indicated that the reducing sugar content increased and total starch content decreased in all samples after tubers were stored at 4 degrees C for 40 d. The reducing sugar content in tubers of transgenic line "Anti-AcInv Atlantic" and "Anti-AcInv Gannongshu No.