The Whole-transcriptome Landscape of Diabetes-related Sarcopenia Reveals the Specific Function of Novel lncRNA Gm20743.

While the exact mechanism remains unclear, type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of sarcopenia which is characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and function. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing and informatics were performed on the diabetes-induced sarcopenia model of db/db mice. To determine the specific function of lncRNA Gm20743, the detection of Mito-Sox, reactive oxygen species, Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, and myosin heavy chain was performed in overexpressed and knockdown-Gm20743 C2C12 cells.

Pharmacokinetic and Bioequivalence Evaluation of 2 Tadalafil Tablets in Healthy Male Chinese Subjects Under Fasting and Fed Conditions.

Tadalafil is an effective, reversible, and competitive phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor mainly used to treat erectile dysfunction. This study investigated the bioequivalence of generic and marketed formulations of 10-mg tadalafil tablets under fasted and fed conditions. This open-label, randomized, single-dose, 2-period crossover study included 53 healthy Chinese men (aged 20-43 years).

Menopausal hormone therapy and women's health: An umbrella review.

Background: There remains uncertainty about the impact of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on women's health. A systematic, comprehensive assessment of the effects on multiple outcomes is lacking. We conducted an umbrella review to comprehensively summarize evidence on the benefits and harms of MHT across diverse health outcomes.

Role of Farnesoid X Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acid receptor encoded by the Nr1h4 gene. FXR plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the internal environment and the integrity of many organs, including the liver and intestines. The expression of FXR in nondigestible tissues other than in the liver and small intestine is known as the expression of "nonclassical" bile acid target organs, such as blood vessels and lungs.

The value of red blood cell distribution width, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 85% of all lung cancer cases. Inflammation has been proven to be one of the characteristics of malignant tumors. Chronic inflammatory response mediated by cytokines in the tumor microenvironment is an important factor in tumorigenesis.

Type 2 diabetes-induced overactivation of P300 contributes to skeletal muscle atrophy by inhibiting autophagic flux.

Aims: Although autophagy impairment is a well-established cause of muscle atrophy and P300 has recently been identified as an important regulator of autophagy, the effects of P300 on autophagy and muscle atrophy in type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain unexplored. We aimed at characterizing the role of P300 in diabetic muscle and its underlying mechanism.

Main Methods: Protein levels of phosphorylated P300, total P300, acetylated histone H3, LC3, p62 and myosin heavy chain, and mRNA levels of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 were analyzed in palmitic acid (PA)-treated myotubes and db/db mice.

Clinical value of exhaled breath condensate let-7 in non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common causes of tumor-associated mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis is the key focus for improving prognosis. In the present study, the association between exhaled breath condensate (EBC) let-7 and NSCLC diagnosis and clinicopathologic characteristics was investigated in order to explore non-invasive simple technological therapeutic methods.

Effect of sarcolipin-mediated cell transdifferentiation in sarcopenia-associated skeletal muscle fibrosis.

Fibrosis is a key pathological event during muscle aging that accelerates the development of sarcopenia. We show that sarcolipin (SLN) is highly expressed during aging, promotes intracellular calcium overload and participates in impaired myogenic differentiation. d-Galactose (D-gal) was used to induce senescence in C2C12 myoblasts.

The effects of resveratrol feeding and exercise training on the skeletal muscle function and transcriptome of aged rats.

This study investigated the effects of resveratrol feeding and exercise training on the skeletal muscle function and transcriptome of aged rats. Male SD rats (25 months old) were divided into the control group (Old), the daily exercise training group (Trained), and the resveratrol feeding group (Resveratrol). After 6 weeks of intervention, the body mass, grip strength, and gastrocnemius muscle mass were determined, and the muscle samples were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing.

Inhibition of TLR9 attenuates skeletal muscle fibrosis in aged sarcopenic mice via the p53/SIRT1 pathway.

Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by a gradual loss of muscle mass and function, but its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. Skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is an important pathological change in sarcopenia, and fibrosis is the most obvious manifestation of this change. We found that the expression of the immunoreceptor Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is significantly increased in skeletal muscle in aged mice and is positively related to muscle fibrosis.

Metformin attenuates diabetes-induced tau hyperphosphorylation in vitro and in vivo by enhancing autophagic clearance.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients. However, no effective approaches are available to prevent its progression and development. Recently, autophagy dysfunction was identified to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.

The effect of exercise, resveratrol or their combination on Sarcopenia in aged rats via regulation of AMPK/Sirt1 pathway.

Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and function. Exercise is an important strategy to prolong life and increase muscle mass, and resveratrol has been shown a variety beneficial effects on skeletal muscle. In the present study, we investigated the potential efficacy of using short-term exercise (six weeks), resveratrol (150mg/kg/day), or combined exercise+resveratrol (150mg/kg/day) on gastrocnemius muscle mass, grip strength, cross-sectional area and microscopic morphology in aged rats, and explored the potential mechanism at the apoptosis level.

Value of Endobronchial Ultrasound Elastography in Diagnosis of Central Lung Lesions.

BACKGROUND Ultrasound elastography is an imaging modality used to show tissue stiffness in tumor pathophysiological processes that promote the formation of stiffer tissues. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) elastography is an ultrasound elastography-based technique for measuring tissue stiffness during EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). The diagnostic value of EBUS elastography in central lung lesions remains largely unknown.

Angiotensin-(1-7) administration attenuates Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes via Mas receptor activation.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with cognitive deficits and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, a newly identified heptapeptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], was found to protect against brain damage. This study investigated the effects of Ang-(1-7) on diabetes-induced cognitive deficits.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in duck and fish production ponds with integrated or non-integrated mode.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging micropollutants with environmental persistence. Aquaculture environments are considered as potential reservoirs for ARGs pollution and horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This study analyzed water and sediment from eight culture ponds (integrated culture: duck-fish pond; monoculture: duck pond and fish pond) and a control pond (without any aquaculture activity) in Zhongshan, South China.

Fish intake during pregnancy or infancy and allergic outcomes in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

It has been suggested that n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory properties and may reduce the risk of allergic disease. Fish is a great source of n-3 LC-PUFAs. However, the effect of fish on allergic disease remains controversial.

Detection of cancer embryo antigen and endothelin-1 in exhaled breath condensate: A novel approach to investigate non-small cell lung cancer.

The present study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of cancer embryo antigen (CEA) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EBC samples were collected from 143 patients with NSCLC and 119 healthy individuals by using an EBC collector. The CEA and ET-1 levels in the EBC and serum were detected.

Soy Intake Is Associated With Lower Endometrial Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Epidemiologic studies reporting the effect of soy intake on endometrial cancer risk conveyed conflicting results. We systematically reviewed the literature to investigate whether there was an inverse relation between dietary soy intake and endometrial cancer risk. PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and 4 main Chinese literature databases were searched from their inception to August 25, 2015 for both case-control studies and cohort studies that assessed the effect of soy intake on endometrial cancer risk.

Analysis of p16 gene mutations and their expression using exhaled breath condensate in non-small-cell lung cancer.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mutational status of exons 1 and 2 of the p16 gene in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and determine the feasibility and clinical significance of applying EBC in the diagnosis of NSCLC. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were applied to detect exon 1 and 2 alterations of the p16 gene in EBC by comparing 58 samples from NSCLC patients and 30 from healthy controls. Of the 58 EBC samples from NSCLC patients, 54 were successfully tested and 8 cases of mutations were identified, of which 3 were in exon 1 and 5 in exon 2.

Development and validation of a rapid LC-MS/MS method to quantify letrozole in human plasma and its application to therapeutic drug monitoring.

A selective, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of letrozole (LTZ) in human plasma, using anastrozole as internal standard (IS). Sample preparation was performed by one-step protein precipitation with methanol. The analyte and IS were chromatographed on a reversed-phase YMC-ODS-C18 column (2.

Antioxidative responses of Pseudomonas fluorescens YZ2 to simultaneous exposure of Zn and Cefradine.

Binary pollution of both heavy metals and antibiotics has received increasing attentions for their joint effects of eco-toxicity and health hazards. To reveal the effects of mixtures of different pollutants on bacterial antioxidant response system, Pseudomonas fluorescens ZY2, a new strain isolated from swine wastewater, was chosen to determinate growth (bacterial density OD600), reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, protein concentration and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity under exposure treatments of Zn, Cefradine or Zn + Cefradine. Bacterial densities of all the treatment groups increased significantly over the incubation time, but those containing pollutant addition were slightly lower than the control at different times of incubation.

The effect of vitamin A on renal damage following acute pyelonephritis in children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Renal scarring after acute pyelonephritis (APN) in children is of concern and in the worst cases leads to long-term cardiovascular morbidity. There are reports that vitamin A may alleviate renal damage following APN. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the role of vitamin A in the alleviation of renal damage.

Simultaneous quantification of olanzapine and its metabolite N-desmethylolanzapine in human plasma by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for therapeutic drug monitoring.

A simple, sensitive, and selective liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of olanzapine (OLZ) and its metabolite N-desmethylolanzapine (DMO) in human plasma for therapeutic drug monitoring. Sample preparation was performed by one-step protein precipitation with methanol. The analytes were chromatographed on a reversed-phase YMC-ODS-AQ C18 Column (2.