A scientometrics analysis and visualization of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background: Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (refractory GERD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by unresponsiveness or poor efficacy to proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). This chronic disorder substantially weakens patients' mental wellbeing and quality of life, increasing the financial burden on society. Multiple articles have been reported in this area.

A new dihydroflavone and a new polyacetylene glucoside from .

A new dihydroflavone, 2()-isookanin-4'-methoxy-8----glucopyranoside (), and a new polyacetylene glucoside, (10)-tridecane-2-ene-4,6,8-triyne-1-ol-10----glucopyranoside (), along with seven known compounds (), were isolated from the herb of Willd. The structures of all the extracted compounds were elucidated by HR-ESI-MS, 1 D and 2 D NMR spectra, as well as circular dichroism (CD).

Vildagliptin, a DPP4 inhibitor, alleviates diabetes-associated cognitive deficits by decreasing the levels of apoptosis-related proteins in the rat hippocampus.

Cognitive impairment is a prevalent but underestimated complication of diabetes, which can cause spatial memory and learning deficits. In the present study, a streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model was employed to investigate the effects of vildagliptin, a new oral hypoglycemic agent that acts by inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-4, on diabetes-associated cognitive impairments, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved. The present findings demonstrated that vildagliptin treatment prevented memory impairment and decreased the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons.